A Look at Tomorrow

Published on June 2016 | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 60 | Comments: 0 | Views: 544
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A LOOK AT TOMORROW Futurists love computers. After all, 40 years ago electronic digital computers didn't exist; today microchips as tiny as a baby's fingernail are making all sorts of tasks faster and easier. Surely the future holds still more miracles. Some of the computer experiments now going on inspire exciting visions of the future. For example, scientists are working on devices that can electronically perform some sight and hearing functions, which could make life easier for the blind and deaf. They're also working on artificial arms and legs that respond to the electric impulses produced by the human brain. Scientists hope that someday a person who's lost an arm could still have near-normal brain control over an artificial arm. Video games, computerized special effects in movies, and real-life training machines now being used by the U.S. Army are causing some people to predict new educational uses for computers. Computers could some day be used to simulate travel to other planets, to explore the ocean floor, or to look inside an atom. Experiments with electronic banking and shopping inspire predictions that these activities will soon be done from home computer terminals. Cars, too, might be equipped with computers to help drivers find their way around (Honda has one in an experimental car) or to communicate with home and office computers. Many people, including handicapped workers with limited ability to move around, already are working at home using computer terminals. Each terminal is connected to a system at a company's main office. Some futurists say the day may come when few people will have to leave home to go to work-they'll just turn on a terminal. A growing number of factories such as the General Motors plant in Newark, Delaware, "hire" computerized robots to perform tasks such as spot welding. Some executives get a gleam in their eyes as they envision the spread of these "perfect workers" - no coffee breaks, no strikes, and no vacations or sick days. These modern and potential computer uses are possible because of the silicon microchip. These chips, which have become increasingly complex since their beginning in 1959, contain a network of information pathways. Electronic impulses travel along the paths. The plans for a chip look much like a city street plan and can be as large as a football field. It can take as long as three months to complete a new chip design. Chips are used to store information, too. An entire "computer" can be put onto one chip-called a microprocessor. As chips become even more complex, easier to make, and less costly, futurists predict limitless possibilities.

YARIN'A BAKI Gelecekçiler bilgisayar severler. 40 y l önce elektronik dijital bilgisayarlar n bulunmad n an msayal m, günümüzde bebek t rna kadar minicik mikroçipler her tür i i daha çabuk ve kolay yap yor. Ku kusuz gelecekte daha birçok mucize beklenebilir. imdilerde sürmekte olan kimi bilgisayar deneyleri gelece in görünümüne ili kin ipuçlar veriyor. Sözgelimi, bilim adamlar görmezler ve sa rlar için ya am kolayla t rabilecek olan, görme ve duyma i levlerini elektronik olarak yerine getire*bilecek ayg tlar üzerinde çal yorlar. Ayn zamanda insan beyninin ç kard elekt*rik uyaranlara tepki gösteren yapay kol ve bacaklar üzerinde çal yorlar. Bilim adamlar birgün, kolunu kaybeden bir kimsenin yapay kol üzerinde ola ana yak n bir beyin denetimi yapabilece ini umuyorlar. Video oyunlar , sinemalarda bilgisayara dayal özel gösterimler, imdi Ame*rikan ordusunda kullan lan gerçek-ya am e itimi makineleri, kimi insanlara bilgisa*yarlar n e itimde yeni kullan mlar na ili kin tahminde bulunma olana veriyor. Bir*gün, bilgisayarlar, öteki gezegenlere yolculuk, okyanus taban n ara t rma ya da atomun içini inceleme benze imi (deneyleri) için kullan labilir. Elektronik bankac l k ve al veri deneyleri, bu i lerin çok yak nda bilgisayar terminallerinden yap labilece ine ili kin tahminlere kaynakl k ediyor. Sürücülere yollar n bulmada (Honda'n n böyle deneysel bir arabas var) ya da ev ve ofis bilgi*sayar ile ileti im sa lamada yard mc olmak için arabalar da bilgisayar ile donat la*bilir. Hareket yetene i s n rl özürlü i çiler de içinde olmak üzere, birçok kimse, imdiden bilgisayar terminalleri kullanarak evde çal yorlar: her terminal irketin merkez ofisinde bir sisteme ba l d r. Kimi gelecekçiler çok az kimsenin evden i e gitmek zorunda olaca bir günün gelece ini söylüyorlar- yaln zca terminali açmak yeterli olacak. Newark, Delaware'deki General Motors fabrikas gibi giderek artan say da fabrika kaynak gibi i leri yapmak için bilgisayarl robotlar 'kiral yorlar.?' Bu 'yetkin i çilerin' yayg nla t n dü ledikçe kimi yöneticilerin gözleri parl yor - ne kahve molas , ne grev, ne tatil ne de hastal k izni olacak. Bilgisayar n bu ça da ve olas kullan m silikon mikroçip sayesinde olanakl hale geliyor.

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