A Smart Card Based Prepaid
Content
An energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically powered device. Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour.
Energy conservation.
User can recharge number of unit’s required prepaid system!.
"ots of time and power saving for electricity department.
Automatic controlling of energy meter. #on$volatile memory based energy meter storage.
A scheme of Electricity billing system called % PREPAID ENERGY METER &'() (A*'++ '#'-A(*/ can facilitate in improved cash 0ow management in energy utilities and
can with billingof consumer living in reduces isolated problem area andassociated reduces deployment manpower for taking meter readings. Every consumer can buy a memory card is nothing but an EE1*2 '-! with a password stored stored inside it using a 2program
pocket si3ed card with embedded integrated circuits
is any card with a capability to relate information to a particular application
1rovides secure logon and authentication of users to 1-s
and networks
measures the amount of electric energy measures consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically powered device
(he most common of measurement measurement on electricity meter is unit the kilowatt hour 4kWh 5 the
(ypes6 ( ypes6
7. Electromechanical Electromechanical meters
8. Electronic meters
a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light
ptocouplers prevent high voltages from a9ecting the system receiving the signal
A common type of optocouplers consists of an "E and a phototransistor in the same opaque package
an electrically operated switch
are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low$power signal or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal
(he meter consists of a microcont microcontroller, roller, a current current feedback section consisting of a curr current ent transformer, a signal conditioning circuit : adc. A prepaid smart card containing a serial number n umber : amount has to be inserted into the meter. (his pro;ect pro;ect uses regulated regulated <v, <==ma power power supply. supply. >?=< and >?78 three terminal voltage regulators are used for voltage regulation. @ridge type full wave rectier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 8B=C78v step down transformer
(he conventional conventional electro$mechanical electro$mechanical mete meters rs are being replaced replaced with electronic meters to improve accuracy in meter reading. Asian countries are currently looking to introduce prepaid electricity meters across their distribution network, buoyed up by the success of this novel methodology in Douth Africa. (he eisting inheren inherentt problems problems with the post$paid post$paid system and privati3ation of state held power distribution companies are the ma;or driving factors for this market in Asia. ver F= countries have implemented prepaid meters in their markets. . (he prepaid program in Douth Africa was started in 7GG8, since then they have installed over H million meters. (he concept has has found gr ground ound in Ar Argentina gentina and #ew #ew Iealand with few thousands of installations.
Improved operational efciencies: (he efciencies: (he prepaid prepaid meters are likely to cut the cost of meter reading as no meter readers are required. 'n addition, they eliminate administrative hassles associated with disconnection and reconnection. reconnecti on. @esides, going by Douth Africa’s prepaid meters could help control appropriation appropriat ioneperience, of electricity in a better way than conventional meters. Reduced nancial ris!s: Dince the payment is up$front, it reduces the nancial risk by improving the cash 0ows and necessitates an improved revenue management system. "etter customer service: (he service: (he system eliminates eliminates billing delay, removes cost involved in disconnectionCreconnection, disconnectionCreconnection, enables controlled use of energy, and helps customers to save money through better energy management.
Po#er sector re$orms: (he upcoming competitive competitive and customer focused deregulated power distribution market will force the market participants to make the eisting metering and billing process more competent. (his is likely to drive the prepaid market. Increasing non%tec&nical losses: 2etering errors, tampering with meters leading to low registration and calibration related frauds are some of the key components of non$technical losses. 'ndia reports greater than 7= percent of non$technical losses. 't has been reported that prepaid meters control non$technical losses better than conventional ones. 'pportunities in t&e emerging electri$ying mar!ets: 2ost of the Asian countries do not have 7== percent electricationJ electricationJ hence new markets are being created by the increasing generating capacity. 1repaid systems can be more easily introduced in such new markets rather than the eisting ones .
(he Dabah Electricity Ddn Ddn @hd DED@!, 2al 2alaysia, aysia, has awarded a contract to a local manufacturer to supply 7,=?= prepaid meters -ountries such as (hailand, @angladesh, Dingapore, and
'ran have been showing increased inter interest est in adopting prepaid system 'n 'ndia, the Dtate of & &est est @engal has decided to introduce the smart card operated prepaid energy meters in remote islands of Dunderbans. 'n 2umbai, pre$paid power is provided provid ed by the @rihanmumbai Electricity Dupply and (ransport @ED(! Und (ransport Undertaking.( ertaking.(ata ata 1ower 1ower plans to intr introduce oduce pre$paid electricity in elhi. (ata Dteel is likely to install prepaid electricity meters at its employee township in Kamshedpur.. Kamshedpur
