BS EN 875
Content
BRITISH STANDARD
Destructive tests on
welds in metallic
materials —
Impact tests —
Test specimen location,
notch orientation and
examination
The European Standard EN 875:1995 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 25.160.40
BS EN
875: 1995
BS EN 875:1995
Committees responsible for this
British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical
Committee WEE/2, Welding tests, upon which the following bodies were
represented:
Aluminium Federation
Association of Consulting Scientists
British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd.
British Iron and Steel Producers’ Association
Electricity Association
Health and Safety Executive
Institution of Structural Engineers
Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
Ministry of Defence
Power Generation Contractors Assocition [PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)]
TWI
Welding Manufacturers’ Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
This British Standard, having
been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes
into effect on
15 December 1995
© BSI 03-1999
The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference WEE/2
Draft for comment 92/82867 DC
ISBN 0 580 25311 2
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No.
Date
Comments
BS EN 875:1995
Contents
Committees responsible
National foreword
Foreword
Text of EN 875
List of references
© BSI 03-1999
Page
Inside front cover
ii
2
3
Inside back cover
i
BS EN 875:1995
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/2 and is
the English language version of EN 875:1995 Destructive tests on welds in
metallic materials — Impact tests — Test specimen location, notch orientation and
examination published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 875 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the
United Kingdom took an active part.
BS EN 875:1995 supersedes tests detailed in BS 709:1983 which have been
deleted by amendment.
Cross-references
Publication referred to
Corresponding British Standard
EN 10045-1
BS EN 10045 Charpy impact tests on metallic materials
Part 1:1990 Test method (V- and U- notches)
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii
© BSI 03-1999
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 875
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 1995
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.160.40
Descriptors: Welding, welded joints, butt joints, metals, destructive tests, bend tests, impact tests, notch strength, designation
English version
Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Impact
tests — Test specimen location, notch orientation and
examination
Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux
métalliques — Essai de flexion par choc —
Position de l’éprouvette, orientation de
l’entaille et examen
Zerstörende Prüfung von
Schweißverbindungen an metallischen
Werkstoffen — Kerbschlagbiegeversuch —
Probenlage, Kerbrichtung und Beurteilung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-07-01. CEN members
are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
© 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members
Ref. No. EN 875:1995 E
EN 875:1995
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, of
which the secretariat is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of
a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
February 1996, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations, the following counries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria,
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
2
Contents
Foreword
1
Scope
2
Normative reference
3
Principle
4
Method of denomination
4.1 Lettering system
4.2 Characters
4.3 Additional information
5
Examples of denomination
6
Examination
7
Test report
Annex A (informative) Test report
Figure 1 — Typical examples
of denominations
Table 1 — Notched face parallel to the
surface of the test piece (S position)
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to
the surface of the test piece (T position)
Table A.1 — Impact test in accordance
with EN 875
Page
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
9
8
5
6
9
© BSI 03-1999
EN 875:1995
1 Scope
4.2 Characters
This standard specifies mainly the method to be
used when describing test specimen location and
notch orientation for the testing and reporting of
impact tests on welded butt joints.
This standard applies to impact tests on metallic
materials in all forms of product made by any fusion
welding process.
It is used in addition to EN 10045-1 and includes
test specimen denomination and additional
reporting requirements.
The denomination comprises the following
characters:
1st character
U: Charpy U notch,
V: Charpy V notch;
2nd character
W: notch in the weld metal; the
reference line is the centre line of
the weld at the position of the
test specimen,
H: notch in the heat affected zone;
the reference line is the fusion or
the joint line (notch will include
HAZ);
3rd character
S: notched face parallel to the
surfacea,
T: notch through the thickness;
4th character
a: the distance of the centre of the
notch from the reference line (if a
is at the centre line of the weld, a
= 0 which should be recorded);
5th character
b: the distance from the weld
joint face sideb to the nearer face
of the test specimen (if b is at the
surface of the weld, b = 0 which
should be recorded).
2 Normative reference
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact
test — Part 1: Test method.
3 Principle
Impact testing shall be in accordance with
EN 10045-1. The test temperature, location, type
and size of test specimen, and notch orientation
shall be in accordance with the relevant application
standard.
In addition to the requirements of EN 10045-1, the
notch position may be located by macroetching.
4 Method of denomination
4.1 Lettering system
The denomination is based on a lettering system to
describe the type, location and notch orientation
and a numbering system to show the distance (in
millimetres) of the notch from reference lines (RL).
The method of denomination is shown in Table 1
and Table 2. The test specimen shall be taken from
the welded joint such that its longitudinal axis is at
right angles to the weld length.
© BSI 03-1999
a This
orientation is equivalent to the denomination “surface
notch” used in fracture mechanics testing.
b
In the case of double V, K or similar welds, the face side is the
side which contains the larger width of the weld or from which
the welding energy was first applied.
4.3 Additional information
In cases where this simple denomination does not
sufficiently define the location or notch orientation,
a sketch referring to the weld procedure should be
provided.
5 Examples of denomination
Examples of denominations are given in Table 1 and
Table 2 and Figure 1.
6 Examination
The test specimens designated by this standard
shall be tested in accordance with EN 10045-1.
3
EN 875:1995
7 Test report
The test report shall include the following
information in addition to that given in EN 10045-1:
— reference to this standard;
— test specimen denomination;
— sketch if required;
— type and dimensions of imperfections
observed;
— other information as required by the
application standard and/or by agreement
between the contracting parties.
An example of a typical test report is given
in Annex A.
4
© BSI 03-1999
© BSI 03-1999
Table 1 — Notched face parallel to the surface of the test piece (S position)
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWS a/b
VHS a/b
(pressure weld)
VHS a/b
(Fusion weld)
EN 875:1995
5
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWT O/b
VHT O/b
VWT a/b
VHT a/b
EN 875:1995
6
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to the surface of the test piece (T position)
© BSI 03-1999
© BSI 03-1999
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to the surface of the test piece (T position)
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWT O/b
VHT a/b
VWT a/b
VHT a/b
EN 875:1995
7
EN 875:1995
Figure 1 — Typical examples of denominations
8
© BSI 03-1999
EN 875:1995
Annex A (informative)
Test report
Table A.1 — Impact test in accordance with EN 875
Test
Denomination Type and
Test
specimen
dimension temperature
No.
a if
mm
ûC
Impact
toughness
Impact
absorbed
energy
J/cm2
J
Remark
Location
of
fracturea
Type of
fracturea
Type and size
of
imperfection
required
Examiner or examining body
© BSI 03-1999
Certified by:
9
10
blank
BS EN 875:1995
List of references
See national foreword.
© BSI 03-1999
BSI
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL
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BSI Ð British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It
presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is
incorporated by Royal Charter.
Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards
should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We
would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this
British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible,
the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000.
Fax: 020 8996 7400.
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stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means ± electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise ± without prior written permission from BSI.
This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of
necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
written permission of BSI must be obtained.
If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing
agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager.
Tel: 020 8996 7070.
Destructive tests on
welds in metallic
materials —
Impact tests —
Test specimen location,
notch orientation and
examination
The European Standard EN 875:1995 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 25.160.40
BS EN
875: 1995
BS EN 875:1995
Committees responsible for this
British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical
Committee WEE/2, Welding tests, upon which the following bodies were
represented:
Aluminium Federation
Association of Consulting Scientists
British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd.
British Iron and Steel Producers’ Association
Electricity Association
Health and Safety Executive
Institution of Structural Engineers
Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
Ministry of Defence
Power Generation Contractors Assocition [PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)]
TWI
Welding Manufacturers’ Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
This British Standard, having
been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes
into effect on
15 December 1995
© BSI 03-1999
The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference WEE/2
Draft for comment 92/82867 DC
ISBN 0 580 25311 2
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No.
Date
Comments
BS EN 875:1995
Contents
Committees responsible
National foreword
Foreword
Text of EN 875
List of references
© BSI 03-1999
Page
Inside front cover
ii
2
3
Inside back cover
i
BS EN 875:1995
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/2 and is
the English language version of EN 875:1995 Destructive tests on welds in
metallic materials — Impact tests — Test specimen location, notch orientation and
examination published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 875 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the
United Kingdom took an active part.
BS EN 875:1995 supersedes tests detailed in BS 709:1983 which have been
deleted by amendment.
Cross-references
Publication referred to
Corresponding British Standard
EN 10045-1
BS EN 10045 Charpy impact tests on metallic materials
Part 1:1990 Test method (V- and U- notches)
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii
© BSI 03-1999
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 875
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 1995
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.160.40
Descriptors: Welding, welded joints, butt joints, metals, destructive tests, bend tests, impact tests, notch strength, designation
English version
Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Impact
tests — Test specimen location, notch orientation and
examination
Essais destructifs des soudures sur matériaux
métalliques — Essai de flexion par choc —
Position de l’éprouvette, orientation de
l’entaille et examen
Zerstörende Prüfung von
Schweißverbindungen an metallischen
Werkstoffen — Kerbschlagbiegeversuch —
Probenlage, Kerbrichtung und Beurteilung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-07-01. CEN members
are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
© 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members
Ref. No. EN 875:1995 E
EN 875:1995
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, of
which the secretariat is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of
a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
February 1996, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations, the following counries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria,
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
2
Contents
Foreword
1
Scope
2
Normative reference
3
Principle
4
Method of denomination
4.1 Lettering system
4.2 Characters
4.3 Additional information
5
Examples of denomination
6
Examination
7
Test report
Annex A (informative) Test report
Figure 1 — Typical examples
of denominations
Table 1 — Notched face parallel to the
surface of the test piece (S position)
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to
the surface of the test piece (T position)
Table A.1 — Impact test in accordance
with EN 875
Page
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
9
8
5
6
9
© BSI 03-1999
EN 875:1995
1 Scope
4.2 Characters
This standard specifies mainly the method to be
used when describing test specimen location and
notch orientation for the testing and reporting of
impact tests on welded butt joints.
This standard applies to impact tests on metallic
materials in all forms of product made by any fusion
welding process.
It is used in addition to EN 10045-1 and includes
test specimen denomination and additional
reporting requirements.
The denomination comprises the following
characters:
1st character
U: Charpy U notch,
V: Charpy V notch;
2nd character
W: notch in the weld metal; the
reference line is the centre line of
the weld at the position of the
test specimen,
H: notch in the heat affected zone;
the reference line is the fusion or
the joint line (notch will include
HAZ);
3rd character
S: notched face parallel to the
surfacea,
T: notch through the thickness;
4th character
a: the distance of the centre of the
notch from the reference line (if a
is at the centre line of the weld, a
= 0 which should be recorded);
5th character
b: the distance from the weld
joint face sideb to the nearer face
of the test specimen (if b is at the
surface of the weld, b = 0 which
should be recorded).
2 Normative reference
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact
test — Part 1: Test method.
3 Principle
Impact testing shall be in accordance with
EN 10045-1. The test temperature, location, type
and size of test specimen, and notch orientation
shall be in accordance with the relevant application
standard.
In addition to the requirements of EN 10045-1, the
notch position may be located by macroetching.
4 Method of denomination
4.1 Lettering system
The denomination is based on a lettering system to
describe the type, location and notch orientation
and a numbering system to show the distance (in
millimetres) of the notch from reference lines (RL).
The method of denomination is shown in Table 1
and Table 2. The test specimen shall be taken from
the welded joint such that its longitudinal axis is at
right angles to the weld length.
© BSI 03-1999
a This
orientation is equivalent to the denomination “surface
notch” used in fracture mechanics testing.
b
In the case of double V, K or similar welds, the face side is the
side which contains the larger width of the weld or from which
the welding energy was first applied.
4.3 Additional information
In cases where this simple denomination does not
sufficiently define the location or notch orientation,
a sketch referring to the weld procedure should be
provided.
5 Examples of denomination
Examples of denominations are given in Table 1 and
Table 2 and Figure 1.
6 Examination
The test specimens designated by this standard
shall be tested in accordance with EN 10045-1.
3
EN 875:1995
7 Test report
The test report shall include the following
information in addition to that given in EN 10045-1:
— reference to this standard;
— test specimen denomination;
— sketch if required;
— type and dimensions of imperfections
observed;
— other information as required by the
application standard and/or by agreement
between the contracting parties.
An example of a typical test report is given
in Annex A.
4
© BSI 03-1999
© BSI 03-1999
Table 1 — Notched face parallel to the surface of the test piece (S position)
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWS a/b
VHS a/b
(pressure weld)
VHS a/b
(Fusion weld)
EN 875:1995
5
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWT O/b
VHT O/b
VWT a/b
VHT a/b
EN 875:1995
6
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to the surface of the test piece (T position)
© BSI 03-1999
© BSI 03-1999
Table 2 — Notched face perpendicular to the surface of the test piece (T position)
Reference
Centre of the weld
Reference
Fusion/joint line
Denomination
Representation
Denomination
Representation
VWT O/b
VHT a/b
VWT a/b
VHT a/b
EN 875:1995
7
EN 875:1995
Figure 1 — Typical examples of denominations
8
© BSI 03-1999
EN 875:1995
Annex A (informative)
Test report
Table A.1 — Impact test in accordance with EN 875
Test
Denomination Type and
Test
specimen
dimension temperature
No.
a if
mm
ûC
Impact
toughness
Impact
absorbed
energy
J/cm2
J
Remark
Location
of
fracturea
Type of
fracturea
Type and size
of
imperfection
required
Examiner or examining body
© BSI 03-1999
Certified by:
9
10
blank
BS EN 875:1995
List of references
See national foreword.
© BSI 03-1999
BSI
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL
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BSI Ð British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It
presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is
incorporated by Royal Charter.
Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards
should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We
would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this
British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible,
the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000.
Fax: 020 8996 7400.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that
subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.
Buying standards
Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001.
In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI
implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless
otherwise requested.
Information on standards
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standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various
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Fax: 020 8996 7048.
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and
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Fax: 020 8996 7001.
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Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of
the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted
under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced,
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This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of
necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
written permission of BSI must be obtained.
If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing
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Tel: 020 8996 7070.
