Cebes Tablet

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Cebes’ Tablet

Greek Text with Facing Vocabulary and
Commentary


Beta Edition









Geoffrey Steadman















Cebes’ Tablet:
Greek Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary


First Edition

© 2011 by Geoffrey D. Steadman


All rights reserved. Subject to the exception immediately following, this book may
not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by
Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the
public press), without written permission from the publisher.

The author has made an online version of this work available (via email) under a
Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. The terms
of the license can be accessed at creativecommons.org.


Accordingly, you are free to copy, alter, and distribute this work freely under the
following conditions:

(1) You must attribute the work to the author (but not in any way that suggests that
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(3) If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting
work only under the same or similar license as this one.


ISBN-13: 978-0-9843065-5-8
ISBN-10: 0-9843065-5-2

Published by Geoffrey Steadman
Cover Design: David Steadman

Fonts: Times New Roman, SPIonic

[email protected]
iii
Preface to the Series


The aim of this commentary is to make Cebes’ Tablet as accessible as possible to
elementary and intermediate level Greek readers so that they may experience the joy,
insight, and lasting influence that comes from reading one of greatest works in
classical antiquity in the original Greek.
Facing each of the 27 pages of the Greek text, taken from Richard Parsons’ 1897
edition of Cebes’ Tablet, is a single page of commentary divided into halves. The top
half includes all of the corresponding vocabulary that occur 19 or fewer times in the
dialogue, arranged alphabetically in two columns. The bottom half is devoted to
grammatical notes, which are organized according to the line numbers and likewise
arranged in two columns. The advantage of this format is that it allows me to include
as much information as possible on a single page and at the same time insure that the
numerous commentary entries are distinct and accessible to readers.
To complement the vocabulary within the commentary, I have added a short Core
Vocabulary List ( see p. vii) that includes all words occurring 20 or more times and
strongly recommend that readers review this list before they begin reading. Together,
this book has been designed in such a way that, once readers have mastered the Core
List, they will be able to rely solely on the Greek text and facing commentary and not
need to turn a page or consult outside dictionaries as they read.
The grammatical notes are designed to help beginning readers read the text, and
so I have passed over detailed literary and philosophical explanations in favor of
short, concise, and frequent entries that focus exclusively on grammar and
morphology. The notes are intended to complement, not replace, an advanced level
commentary, and so I encourage readers to consult some of the additional readings
listed below. Assuming that readers finish elementary Greek with varying levels of
ability, I draw attention to subjunctive and optative constructions, identify unusual
aorist and perfect forms, and in general explain aspects of the Greek that they should
have encountered in first year study but perhaps forgotten. As a rule, I prefer to offer
too much assistance rather than too little.
iv
Print on Demand Books

This volume is a self-published, print-on-demand (POD) book, and as such it
gives its author distinct freedoms and limitations that are not found in traditional
publications. After writing this commentary, I simply purchased an ISBN number (the
owner is de facto the publisher) and submitted a digital copy for printing. The most
significant limitation of a POD book is that it has not undergone extensive peer-
review or general editing. This is a serious shortcoming that should make readers
wary. Because there are so many vocabulary and commentary entries, there are sure
to be typographical and factual errors that an extra pair of eyes would have spotted
immediately. Until all of the mistakes have been identified and corrected, I hope the
reader will excuse the occasional error.
The benefits of POD, however, outweigh the costs. This commentary and others
in the series simply would not exist without POD. Since there is no traditional
publisher acting as a middle man, there is no one to deny publication of this work
because it may not be profitable for the publisher. In addition, since the production
costs are so low and there is no standing inventory of unsold books, I am able to offer
this book at a comparatively low price. Finally, since this book is no more than a .pdf
file waiting to be printed, I am able to make corrections and place a revised edition of
a POD book for sale as often as I want. In this regard, we should liken PODs to
software instead of traditional typeset books. Although the first edition of a POD may
not be as polished as a traditional book, I am able to respond very quickly to readers’
recommendations and criticisms and create an emended and augmented POD that is
far superior to previous editions. Consider, therefore, what you hold in your hand as
an inexpensive beta version of the commentary. If you would like to recommend
changes to this volume or download a free .pdf copy, please contact me at the email
address or URL below. All criticisms are welcome, and I would be grateful for your
help.

Geoffrey Steadman Ph.D.
[email protected]
geoffreysteadman.wordpress.com
v
Introduction to Cebes’ Tablet

Known in Latin as the Tabula Cebetis and in Greek as the o9 tou= Ke/bhtoj Qhbai/ou
Pi/nac, Cebes’ Tablet tells the tale of two strangers who, while walking in the temple
of Cronos, stumble upon a votive tablet depicting a series of walled enclosures
(peribo/loi) with people scattered throughout. An old man (Presbu/thj) approaches
the two and explains that the picture is an allegorical representation of the course of a
human life with its various temptations and travails. The message is simple: viewers
should avoid the road of False Learning with its alluring courtesans such as Luxury
and Wantonness and instead choose the path of True Learning, inhabited by figures
such as Knowledge, Justice, and Self-Control. The remainder of the narrative is the
old man’s recollection of a conversation about the tablet which he had once had many
years earlier with the wise stranger (Ce/noj) who first set up the tablet.
This text is clearly intended for moral edification and spiritual renewal rather
than doctrinal instruction, and in this regard the work is part of a larger tradition that
includes the Allegory of the Cave and Myth of Er, as found in Plato’s Republic, and
Prodicus’ Choice of Heracles, as retold in Xenophon’s Memorabilia. In each case, the
author makes a sharp distinction between the non-philosophical and philosophical life
and urges readers to see the latter as the preferred, though seldom chosen, alternative.
We know little about the dating or author of the Tablet. The 2
nd
c. A.D. writer
Lucian and later tradition attribute the work to the Theban Cebes, a companion of
Socrates and interlocutor in Plato’s Phaedo, but a few modern Classicists suggest that
the text’s unique vocabulary dates the composition to the 1
st
c. A.D. Richard Parsons
has argued persuasively that such dating methods are far from conclusive (see p. viii).
The principal benefit of the Tablet today is that elementary level Greek students
are able to read it with relative ease. speed, and pleasure. While the work has its share
of thorny constructions, the short sentences, repetition of common vocabulary, and
dialogue form make it an worthy introduction to authentic Greek prose. The classicist
R. J. Schork has aptly described the Tablet as a “bridge-text” between elementary and
intermediate Greek. Whether in the classroom or in independent reading, novice
readers will find it a welcome transition to the rich literature that lies beyond.
vi
How to Use this Commentary

Research shows that, as we learn how to read in a second language, a combination of
reading and direct vocabulary instruction is statistically superior to reading alone.
One of the purposes of this book is to encourage active acquisition of vocabulary.
1. Master the core vocabulary list as soon as possible.
A. Develop a daily regimen for memorizing running vocabulary and forms before
you begin reading. Start with an intensive review of the running core list on the
next page and then turn to less frequent vocabulary words as you encounter them.
B. If you have to consult the core list as you read the dialogue, either photocopy
the list or print it from online and keep it by your book to avoid page-flipping.
More importantly, place a dot or similar mark by all core words that you consult.
As review progresses, focus extra effort on the words that accumulate marks.
C. Download and use the core list flashcards available online (ppt or jpg format).
Research has shown that you must review new words at least seven to nine times
before you are able to commit them to long term memory, and flashcards are
particularly efficient at promoting repetition. Develop the habit of deleting
flashcards that you have mastered and focus your efforts on the remaining words.
2. Read actively and make lots of educated guesses
One of the benefits of traditional dictionary work is that it gives readers an
interval between the time they encounter a questionable word or form and the
time they find the dictionary entry. That span of time often compels readers to
make educated guesses and actively seek out understanding of the Greek.
Despite the benefits of facing vocabulary lists (see the preface), there is a risk
that without that interval of time you will become complacent in your reading
habits and treat the Greek as a puzzle to be decoded rather than a language to be
learned. Your challenge, therefore, is to develop the habit of making an
educated guess under your breath each time before you consult the facing
vocabulary and grammar. If you guess correctly, the commentary will reaffirm
your understanding of the Greek. If you answer incorrectly, you will become
more aware of your weaknesses and therefore more capable of correcting them.
3. Reread a passage immediately after you have completed it.
Repeated readings not only help you commit Greek to memory but also increase
your ability to read the Greek as Greek. Always read the words out loud (or at
least whisper them to yourself). While you may be inclined to translate the text
into English as you reread, develop the habit of reading Greek as Greek and
acquiring meaning without turning the text into English.
4. Reread the most recent passage immediately before you begin a new one.
This additional repetition will strengthen your ability to recognize vocabulary,
forms, and syntax quickly, bolster your confidence, and most importantly provide
you with much-needed context as you begin the next selection in the text.
vii
Core Vocabulary (20 or more times)

The following short list includes all words that occur twenty or more times in Cebes’ Tablet.
All of the vocabulary, except for ¬tpiþoio,, are known to elementary Greek students. Since
the core vocabulary does not appear on the vocabulary lists facing the Greek text, readers
should review the words below at least once before they begin reading the dialogue.
The number of occurrences of each word in the Cebes’ Tablet was tabulated by the author.

oyoûo,, -q, -ov: good, brave, capable, 27
oiio : but, 47
oiio,, -q, -o: other, one...another, 26
ov: modal adv., 28
ou¬o,, -q, -o : -self; he, she, it; the same, 101
þio,, o: life, 20
yop: for, since, 38
yiyvoµoi: to come to be, become, be born, 21
öt: but, and, on the other hand, 112
öo|to: to seem (good), think, imagine, 33
tyo: I, 35
tiµi : to be, exist, 140
ti,: into, to, in regard to (+ acc.), 25
t|tivo,, -q, -ov: that, those, 34
tv: in, on, among. (+ dat.), 32
t¬i: upon (dat); to, toward, at (acc); near, 25
t_o: to have, hold; be able; be disposed, 33
|oi : and, also, even, too, 313
|o|o,, -q, -ov: bad, base, cowardly, evil, 40
|oito: to call, summon, invite, 23
ityo: to say, speak, 26
µtv: on the one hand, 41
o,, q, o: who, which, that, 60
o¬ov: o¬t ov, whenever, 22
o¬i: that; because, 23
opoo: to see, look, behold, 29
ou, ou|, ou_: not, 62
ouö-ti,, ouöt-µio, ouö-tv: no one, nothing, 23
ouv: and so, then; at all events. 48
ou¬o,, ou¬q, ¬ou¬o: this, these, 136
ou¬o,: in this way, thus, so, 22
¬oiötio, q : education, culture, learning, 24
¬opo : from, at, to the side of; in respect to, 30
¬o,, ¬ooo, ¬ov: every, all, the whole, 35
¬tpiþoio,, o: an enclosure, circuit, circle, 23
¬po,: to (acc), near, in addition to (dat) 39
¬i,, ¬i : who? which? 52
¬i,, ¬i: anyone, -thing; someone, -thing, 65
u¬o : by, because of (gen), under (dat), 23
¢qµi : to say, claim, assert, 104
o,: as, thus, so, that; when, since, 30
oo¬tp: as, just as, as if, 20
viii
Abbreviations

abs. absolute
acc. accusative
act. active
adj. adjective
adv. adverb
aor. aorist
app. appositive
comp. comparative
dat. dative
dep. deponent
d.o. direct object
f. feminine
fut. future
gen. genitive
imp. imperative
impf. imperfect
imper. impersonal
indic. indicative
i.o. indirect object
inf. infinitive
inter. interrogative
m. masculine
n. neuter
nom. nominative
obj. object
opt. optative
pple. participle
pass passive
pf. perfect
pl. plural
plpf. pluperfect
pred. predicate
prep. preposition
pres. present
pron. pronoun
reflex. reflexive
rel. relative
seq. sequence
sg. singular
subj. subject
superl. superlative
voc. vocative



Bibliography

Parsons, R. (1897) Cebes’ Tablet, with Introduction, Notes, Vocabulary, and
Grammatical Questions. Ginn and Company.
Available in pdf on Google Books, this volume includes a lengthy introduction,
Greek text, brief grammatical notes, and a complete glossary. The appendix
includes detailed grammar questions (but no key) for each section of the text.

Seddon, K. (2005) Epictetus’ Handbook and the Tablet of Cebes: Guides to Stoic
Living. Routledge.
In addition to a translation of the text, Seddon’s book contains a glossary of key
terms, and two diagrams and a drawing to clarify the depiction on the tablet.

Schork, R. J. (1995) “Cebes’ Tablet as a Bridge-Text in the Greek Program.” The
Classical Journal 91.1 (1995) 65-69.
Schork argues persuasively that for the Tablet is a suitable introduction to
authentic Greek prose after the completion of elementary Greek.

Sider, S. (1979) Cebes’ Tablet: Facsimiles of the Greek text, and of selected Latin,
French, English, Spanish, Italian, German, Dutch, and Polish translations. The
Renaissance Society of America.
Cebes’ Tablet was widely translated during the Renaissance, and Sider’s work
directs attention to its textual transmission through various European languages.













































“To make the ancients speak, we must feed them with our own blood.”

-von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
2
Cebes’ Tablet
3
o -öuvoµoi: to be unable, 2
o -¬opto: be at a loss, puzzled, bewildered, 3
oiiqio,, -o, -ov: one another, 1
o vo -ûqµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: offering, dedication, 2
o vo -|tiµoi: to be set up, be dedicated, 1
ytpov, ytpov¬o,: old man, 2
ypo¢q, q: drawing, inscription, writing, 4
ypo¢o: to write, portray, 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
ötivo,, -q, -ov: strange, wondrous; terrible, 5
öuo: two, 3
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
tio-tp_oµoi: to go in, enter, 5
tio-oöo,, q : entrance, 2
tio¬¬ov, -ov: smaller, fewer, 1
tµ-¢ooi,, q: gesture, show, 2
tµ-¬pooûtv: before, 2
tvöov: within, at home, 3
t¬i-_opio,, -o, -ov: of the land, native, 1
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
t¢-io¬qµi: to stand at or near, 3
qµti,: we, 10
ûtopt o: to see, watch, look at, 5
iöio,, -o, -ov: peculiar, one’s own, private, 3
itpov, ¬o : temple, holy place, 1
Kpovo,, o: Cronos, father of Zeus, 2
µtiÇov, µtiÇov: larger, greater, 1
µuûo,, o : story, word, speech, 3
µuûoioyio, q : narrative, tale, account, 4
vto ,, vto , o : a temple (Att. for voo ,) 1
çtvo,, o : guest, foreigner, stranger, 5
oiöo: to know, 7
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
ou -¬t: and not, neither...nor, 14
o_io,, o: a crowd, throng, mob, 6
¬op-io¬qµi: to stand or set beside, 2
¬oo_o: to suffer, experience, 6
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬tpi-¬o¬to: to walk around, 1
¬ivoç, ¬ivo|o,, o: tablet, board, 2
¬iqûo,, ¬o: crowd, multitude; size, 2
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oii,, q: a city, 1
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬o¬t: ever, at some time, once, 7
¬ptoþu¬q,, o: old man, 1
¬poo-¬o¬¬o: to order, assign, appoint, 4
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
¬uiov, -ovo,, o: gateway, gatetower, 1
o¬po¬o ¬töov, ¬o : (military) camp, 1
ouµ-þoiio: to contribute, comprehend, 3
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen to; get 5
_povo,, o : time, 3
o: O! oh!, 12


1 t¬uy_ovoµtv: we happened to; governs
a complementary pple translated as an inf.
2 tv o: in which; relative pronoun, note the
aspiration
3 ¬ou vto: of the temple; obj. of tµ¬pooûtv
aor. indicative is past potential
4 qv: (there was); 3
rd
sg. impf. tiµi
|oi: joining modifiers çtvq and t_ouoo
4 ou,…¬ivt,…qoov: what in the world these
in fact are; “these…what in the world
(they) are”; ou, is a relative pronoun
better translated as a demonstrative (these)
6 tivoi: inf. tiµi, complement of töo|ti
7 ytypoµµtvov: the drawing; “thing drawn,”
pf. pass. pple ypo¢o is nom. subject
8 ¬ov µtv…¬ov öt: one…and the other; in
apposition to ¬tpiþoiou, öuo
9 µtiÇo, tio¬¬o: i.e. acc. sg. of the
comparatives µtiÇo(v)o and tio¬¬o(v)o
|oi: also; adverbial
t¬i: upon; i.e. placed within the wall
10 ¬po,: near; + dat. place where
11 t¢to¬ovoi: to be standing beside; “to have
stood near,” pf. inf. t¢-io¬qµi
12 ¬i: a certain; modifies the neuter ¬iqûo,
topo¬o: was seen; topot¬o impf. opoo
t¬i: upon; presumably on the wall over the
gateway rather than at the gateway
13 t¢to¬o,: nom. sg. pf. pple t¢-io¬qµi
14 o,: as if; with nom. sg. pple; o, + pple
often expresses alleged cause or intent
¬i: a certain (order); inner accusative
tioiov¬i: dat. sg. pres. pple tio-tp_oµoi
16 A¬opouv¬ov…qµov: gen. absolute
17 ¬po, oiiqiou,:
¬oiuv _po vov: for…; acc. duration
¬opto¬o,: nom. sg. pf. pple ¬op-io¬qµi
18 t¢q: he said; direct speech; impf. ¢qµi
20 oiöooi: they know; 3
rd
pl. oiöo
4
Cebes’ Tablet
5
oiviyµo, o¬o,, ¬o : riddle, puzzle, 1
oivi¬¬oµoi: to puzzle, propose as a riddle, 1
o|ouo: to hear, listen to, 6
o -µoûq,, -t,: unlearned, ignorant, stupid, 1
ovo-¬iûqµi: to set up, dedicate; attribute, 1
ovo -ûqµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: offering, dedication, 2
ovqp, ovöpo,, o : a man, 5
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
o¬-oiiuµi: to destroy, kill, ruin, 5
o -o_oii o, q : occupation, business, 1
o¢-i|vtoµoi: to come, arrive, 5
o -¢poouvq, q: folly, thoughtlessness, 3
o -¢pov, -ov: senseless, mindless, 2
þioo: to live, 3
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
yiyvoo|o: to come to know, learn, realize, 2
ypo¢q, q: drawing, inscription, writing, 4
öti : it is necessary, must, ought (+ inf.), 7
ötivo,, -q, -ov: strange, wondrous; terrible, 5
ötupo: here, to this point, hither, 1
öio-ityoµoi: to converse with, discuss, 2
öi-tç-tp_oµoi: to go through, recount, 1
öi-qytoµoi: to relate, narrate, 2
öuvoµoi: to be able, can, be capable, 4
ti : if, whether 19
tµ-¢pov, -ov: sensible, prudent, 1
tç-qyqoi,, q : explanation, 2
toi|o: to be like, seem like (dat.), 1
t¬i-ûuµt o: to desire, long for, 1
t¬i-|ivöuvo,, -ov: dangerous; subs. danger, 1
tç-qyqoi,, q : explanation, leading out, 3
tpyov, ¬o: work, labor, deed, act, 7
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
Çqioo: to strive after, pursue, have zeal for, 1
ûouµo Ço: to wonder, marvel, be astonished 2
qµti,: we, 10
itpov, ¬o : temple, holy place, 1
|o|o-öoiµov, -ov: unlucky, ill-fated, 2
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
Kpovo,, o: Cronos, father of Zeus, 2
ioyo,, o : word, speech, account, discourse, 5
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µuûoioyio, q : narrative, tale, account, 4
µuûo,, o : story, word, speech, 3
vto ¬tpo,, -o, -ov: younger, rather young, 1
çtvo,, o : guest, foreigner, stranger, 5
oöt, qöt, ¬oöt: this, this here, 1
oio,, -o, -ov: of what sort, as, 4
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
¬oioi: long ago, formerly, of old, 1
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
Hopµtviötio,, -o -ov: Parmenidean, 1
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬i|po,, -o, -ov: sharp, keen, bitter, 1
¬oii¬i|o,, -q, -ov: of the polis, 1
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬o¬t: ever, at some time, once, 7
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬po-þoiio: to throw forth, set out, 1
¬poo-t_o: to pay (attention), direct, 4
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
Huûoyoptio,, -o, -ov: Pythagorean, 1
oo¢i o, q : wisdom, skill, intelligence, 1
o¬ouöoio,, -q, -ov: earnest, serious, 2
ou: you, 5
ouv-iqµi: to understand; put together, 10
2¢iyç, 2¢iyyo,, q: Sphinx, 4
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬t: and, both, 11
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen to; get 5
uµti,: you, 10
¢ûovo,, o: envy, begruding, grudge, 2
¢poviµo,, -q, -ov: prudent, sensible, wise, 1
_povo,, o : time, 3
o: O! oh!, 12
ooou¬o,: in the same manner, just so, 3


23 ioyo…tpyo: in respect to…; dat. respect
24 tÇqio|o,: unduplicated pf. pple Çqioo
25 ovtûq|t: set up; 3
rd
sg. aor. ovo¬iûqµi
26 t¢qv: 1
st
sg. impf. ¢qµi
27 topo|o,: nom. sg. pf. pple opoo
29 ov: nom. sg. pres. pple tiµi
31 q|q|otiv: I had heard; 1
st
sg. plpf. o|ouo
32 ¬po, Lio,: by Zeus; in an oath, gen. Ztu,
33 ¬uy_ovti ouoo: happens to be; pple tiµi
34 o|ouooi: aor. inf. o|ouo
36 ¬ou¬i...o¬i: this here…namely that; acc.
40 ouvq ot¬t: you will understand; fut ouviqµi
41 totoût: you will be; fut. most vivid, tiµi
44 toi|uio: resembling + dat.; pf. pple toi|o
45 ouvi q: understood; 3
rd
sg. impf ouviqµi
47 t¬i...t_ti: it holds in the case of…; + gen.
6
Cebes’ Tablet
7
o -¢poouvq, q: folly, thoughtlessness, 3
ovo-ioþovo: to take up, reply, 2
ovo -¬oiiv: on the contrary, 1
o¬-oiiuµi: to destroy, kill, ruin, 5
o¬o-ûvq o|o: to die off, perish, 6
ovo: up, above, 5
þoöiÇo: to walk, to go, 5
öoiµov, -ovo,, o: divine being, divine spirit, 1
öti|vuµi: to point out, display, show, 5
öti : it is necessary, must, ought (+ inf.), 7
öi-qytoµoi: to relate, narrate, 2
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
t¢-io¬qµi: to stand at or near, 3
t|-¬tivo: to stretch out, 4
tµ-þoiio: to throw in, put into, 1
t¬ti-¬tp: since (in particular), 1
t¬i-ûuµi o, q: desire, longing, yearning, 4
t¬i-¬iµiov, ¬o : value, price, compensation, 1
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
ti : if, whether 19
tio-o¬oç: at once, 1
tio-tp_oµoi: to go in, enter, 5
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel into, journey, march, 11
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
¢ûovo: to do in anticipation, anticipate, 1
ytpov, ytpov¬o,: old man, 2
yiyvoo|o: to come to know, learn, realize, 2
ypo¢q, q : drawing, inscription, writing, 4
q: or (either...or); than, 15
qµti,: we, 10
Hpo|itq,, o: Heracles, 3
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|o¬o-þiþpoo|o: to consume, devour, 1
|o¬o-¢ûtipo: to corrupt, destroy, 1
|o¬o : down from (gen.), down along (acc.), 2
|tituo: to bid, order, command, exhort, 11
µo|opio,, -o, -ov: blessed, happy, 3
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µtiio: to be about to, to intend to, 4
µi|po,, -q, -ov: small, little; trifle, 4
o_io,, o: a crowd, throng, mob, 6
oio,, -q, -ov: whole, entire, complete, 1
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
oiöo: to know, 7
ou -¬t: and not, neither...nor, 14
¬op-o|ouo: to fail to hear, hear in vain, 2
¬op-tpyo,, -ov: secondary, subordinate, 1
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬poo-t_o: to pay (attention), direct, 4
¬poo-¬o¬¬o: to order, assign, appoint, 4
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
poþöo,, q : a staff, 1
2¢iyç, 2¢iyyo,, q: Sphinx, 4
ouv-iqµi: to understand; put together, 10
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬oiou¬o,, -ou¬q, -ou¬o: such, 5
uµti,: you, 10
o: O! oh!, 12
_op¬q,, -ou, o: roll of papyrus, 1
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6


50 ¬ou¬o: these things; obj. of ouviq
51 ouviq : one understands; pres. subj.
ouviqµi in a present general condition
52 |o¬oþpoûti,: devoured; aor. pass. pple
53 |o¬o µi|pov: little by little; distributive
54 yvo: one learns; aor. subj. yiyvoo|o
58 o,…µtyoiqv: how great!; in exclamation
59 tµþtþiq|o,: you put us into; 2
nd
sg. pf.
¬ouû : these things; neuter subject ¬ou¬o
ou¬o, t_ti: are so; “holds thus”
60 to¬iv: (these things) are; ¬ou¬o is subj.
61 ov ¢ûovoi,…öiqyouµtvo,: you could not
relate (it) fast enough; “you could not
anticipate relating (it),” potential optative
62 ¬optpyo,: passively; “secondarily,” i.e.
of secondary importance”
63 Avoioþov: aor. pple ovoioµþovo
t|¬tivo,: nom. sg. aor. pple t|-¬tivo
68 tiötvoi: inf. oiöo, uµo, is acc. subject
|oiti¬oi…Hi o,: that…is called Life
69 ¬opo: along side + acc.
70 t¢to¬o,: nom. sg. pf. pple t¢-io¬qµi
71 tioiv: are; 3
rd
pl. pres. tiµi
to¬q|o,: standing; pf. pple io¬qµi
72 ¬q t¬tpo: with the other (hand); means
oo¬tp öti|vuov: as if showing something
74 ou¬ou,: that they...; acc. subj. of ¬oitiv
o, ov: whenever…; general temporal
clause with aor. subj. tio-tp_oµoi
8
Cebes’ Tablet
9
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
ovo-¬qöoo: to leap up, start up, leap back, 2
o¬-oyo: to lead away, 3
o¬o¬q, -q,, q: a trick, fraud, deceit, 5
o¬-oiiuµi: to destroy, kill, ruin, 5
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öoiµovio,, -o, -ov: of or belonging to a
öoiµov, 1
öio : through (gen.), on account of (acc.), 15
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, it-, themselves, 3
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel in, journey, march in, 11
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|oo¬o,, -q, -ov: each, every one, 3
tvöov: within, at home (+ gen.) 3
t¬i-ûuµi o, q: desire, longing, yearning, 4
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
q: or (either...or); than, 15
qöovq, q : pleasure, delight, 1
qûo,, qûto,, ¬o: custom, character, 1
q¬¬ov, -ov: less, weaker, inferior, 1
ûpo vo,, o : throne, 2
|oû-qµoi: to sit (down), 2
|o¬o : down from (gen.), down along (acc.), 2
|tiµoi: to set, lie, lie down, 2
µop¢q, q : form, shape, 2
o_io,, o: a crowd, throng, mob, 6
¬ov¬o-öo¬o,, -q, -ov: of every kind or sort, 1
¬iûovo,, -q, -ov: persuasive, plausible, 1
¬ivo: to drink, 8
¬iovo,, o: wandering, error, deceit, 6
¬iovoo: to wander; err, deceive, 5
¬io¬¬o: to shape, form, mold, 1
¬itiov, -ov: more, greater, larger, 1
¬it|o: to twist, braid, cling to, entwine, 1
¬iqûo,, ¬o: crowd, multitude; size, 2
¬oµo, -¬o,, ¬o: a drink, 2
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬oi: whether? to where? 5
¬optuoµoi: to travel, traverse, proceed, 2
¬o¬qpiov, ¬o: a cup, 1
¬o¬iÇo: to give drink, 3
¬o¬ov, ¬o: drink, 1
¬po¬¬o: to do, accomplish, make, act, 4
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7
_oit¬o,, -o, -ov: difficult, hard, harmful, 2
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6
o: O! oh!, 12


79 ¬opo: beside
80 |o¬o ¬ov ¬o¬ov, |oû ov: in the place in
which…;
81 t¢ ou: upon which; t¬i
¬t¬iooµtvq:
85 A¬o¬q: Deceit; all personified vices and
virtues are capitalized in the text
|oiti¬oi: is called; governs a nom. pred.
¢qoiv: he says; one expects impf. tense
86 ¬ioooo: ¬iovoouoo, fem. pres. pple.
90 ¬ou¬o: this; modifies ¬o ¬o¬ov
93 ¬iov¬t,: nom. pl. aor. pple ¬ivo
¬ou¬o: this (drink); acc. object of pple
94 ¬o¬tpov: introduces a question with two
oi µtv…oi öt: some (people drink)…others
(drink)…; in apposition to ¬ov¬t,
95 ¬itiov, q¬¬ov: comparative adverbs
98 t_ouoov: having; gen. pl. pres. pple
100 ou¬oi…|oiouv¬oi: these are called
pres. passive governing nom. pred.
101 tio¬optuq¬oi: proceeds inside; pres. mid.
subjunctive in a general temporal clause
102 ovo¬qöooiv: ovo¬qöoouoiv, 3
rd
pl pres.
¬it|ov¬oi ¬po, t|oo¬ov: cling to each;
i.e. embrace
105 oi µtv…oi öt: some (women carry them
off)…others (carry them off)
ti, ¬o oo Çtoûoi: to save (them); “for
saving;” expressing purpose, articular inf.
107 öoiµovit: vocative direct address
o, _oit¬ov…ityti,: how difficult a drink
you speak of!; an exclamation

10
Cebes’ Tablet
11
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
o -þtþoio,: not steadfastly, inconsistently
oi¬to: to ask, ask for, beg, 1
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
o¬o¬q, -q,, q: a trick, fraud, deceit, 5
o -¬poþouitu¬o,, -ov: without forethought, 1
op¬oÇo: to snatch, steal, rob, 1
o -o¢oiq ,, -t,: not liable to fall, safe, secure 6
o¢-oipto: to take away from, 6
þtþoio,, -ov: firm, steadfast, sure, certain, 5
þti¬io¬o,, -q, -ov: best, 1
þouioµoi: to wish, be willing, desire, 5
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öio : öi o, on account of which, 4
öooi,, -to,, q: a giving, a gift, 6
ti|q : rashly, without plan or purpose, 3
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel in, journey, march in, 11
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|oo¬o,, -q, -ov: each, every one, 3
t|-¬¬ooi,, q: a fall(ing out), failure, 1
t¬-oyytiio: to order, command; profess, 2
tpyov, ¬o: work, labor, deed, act, 7
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
tupio|o: to find, discover, devise, invent, 2
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|o¢o,, -q, -ov: deaf, 1
iiûo,, o : a stone, 5
iuoi¬tiq,, -t,: profitable, useful, 1
µoivoµoi: to mad, rage, be furious, 1
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µqvuo: to reveal, show, 1
µovo,, -q, -ov: alone, only, solitary, 3
µop¢q, q : form, shape, 2
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
oµoio,, -o, -ov: like, resembling, similar, 4
o¬oi: to which place, whither, 2
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
o_io,, o: a crowd, throng, mob, 6
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬ov¬o-_ou : everywhere, 3
¬opo_pqµo: immediately, straightaway, 1
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬tpi-oyo: to lead around, 1
¬tpi-¬optuoµoi: to travel around, traverse, 1
¬ivo: to drink, 8
¬io¬tuo: to trust, believe in, rely on, 3
¬iovoo: to make wander; err, deceive, 5
¬iovo,, o: wandering, error, deceit, 6
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
pi ¬¬o: to hurl, cast, throw, 2
oqµoi vo: to indicate, point out, show, 1
oqµtiov, ¬o: sign, mark, 2
o|iqpo ,, -o, -ov: hard, harsh, 1
o¬poyyu io,, -q, -ov: round, spherical, 4
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen, get; meet, 5
¬u¢io,, q, ov: the blind, 3
u¬-op_o: to be there, ready or available, 10
¢uoi,, -to,, q: nature, character, 2


108 o,…oçouooi: as if intending to lead; o,
+ fut. pple oyo is expressing the alleged
purpose, modifying fem. nom. pl ¬oooi
t¬i: to…; + acc. expressing the goal
109 |oi tuöoiµovo |oi iuoi¬tiq : both…and;
iuoi¬tito, 3
rd
decl. acc. sg. with þiov
ti, þiov: for life; expressing purpose
110 oi öt: and those (people)
111 ¬t¬o|ooi: 3
rd
pl. perfect ¬ivo
111 ¬opo: from (the side of); + gen.
113 ti|q : without purpose; adv. not predicate
oo¬tp…o,: just as…so they are led
¬po¬tpov: comparative adverb
114 o¬oi ov ¬u_q : to wherever…; general
temporal clause with 3
rd
sg. aor.
subjunctive ¬uy_ovo
116 q …öo|ouoo: the one seeming; in
apposition to yuvq
oo¬tp ¬u¢iq ¬i,: as if a blind woman
117 to¬q|uio: standing; “having stood still,”
fem. nom. sg. pf. pple io¬qµi
118 ou µovov…oiio |oi: not only…but also
120 ¬i tpyov: what task…?; interrogative adj.
121 ¬op ov: from these; demonstrative
¬o u¬op_ov¬o: possessions; acc. object
123 ¬opo öt ¬ov ou¬ov: from the same ones
125 ¬o oqµtiov: nom. subject
131 ¬io¬tuq: 3
rd
sg. subj., general temporal
Cebes’ Tablet
13
o -ûuµt o: to lose heart, be discouraged, 2
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o vûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
ovo¬tpo,, -o, -ov: higher, further, 1
o -¬iqo¬io, q: greediness, insatiate desire, 1
o¬o-þoiio: to throw away, reject; lose, 1
o -oo¬i o, q : wastefulness, extravagance, 2
o¢-oipto: to take away from, 6
ouûi,: back again, later, 2
þooiitio, q: a kingdom, 1
ytioo: to laugh, 2
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öqio,, -q, -ov: clear, evident, conspicuous, 1
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
tioûo: to be accustomed, 2
t|-¬oito: to produce, finish, complete, 1
t|-¬tivo: to stretch out, 4
tço: out of (+ gen.); adv. outside, 3
t¬oipq, q : a female companion, courtesan, 1
tu -ytvtio, q: well-born, noblity, 1
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|ioio: to weep, wail, 2
|oio|tio, q : flattery, 1
|ooµto: to arrange, adorn, 2
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µuûoioyio, q : narrative, tale, account, 4
vuv: now; as it is, 4
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬op-tp_oµoi: to go beside, come past, 1
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬iou¬o,, o: wealth, riches, 11
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
¬t|vov, ¬o: child, offspring, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬upovvi,, -iöo,, q : absolute power; tyrant, 1
¬u_q, q: chance, luck, fortune, success, 9
_oipo: to rejoice, be glad; fare well, 5
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6


137 oi µtv ou¬ov…oi öt: some of them…
others
138 t|¬t¬o|o¬t,: pf. pple t|-¬tivo
139 ytiov: infinitive o-contract
140 oi tiiq¢o¬t,: those receiving something;
nom. pred. pf. pple ioµþovo
tioiv: are; 3
rd
pl. pres. tiµi
141 Ayoûqv…|oiouoiv: they call Chance
itself Good; verb governs double acc.
142 ¬op ov: (those) from whom; missing
antecedent is nom. pred. of tioi
o¢tiit¬o: (Chance) took away; aor. mid.
o¢-oipto, supply 1u_q as subject
o ötöo|t…ou¬oi,: (the things) which
(Chance) gave to them previously; pf.
141 Ko|qv…|oiouoiv: see line 141
145 ¬ivo…to¬iv o: what are (the things)
which; neuter pl. with 3
rd
sg. verb
o¬i: which; o ¬i, relative pronoun, neuter
sg. although the antecedent is plural; the
form is acc. object of both participles
146 oi o¬oþoiiov¬t,: those losing
148 ¬ou¬o: (they are) these…; add tioi
151 öqiovo¬i: clearly; “(it is) clear that,”
öqiov o¬i
152 ¬oiio: and other things; crasis, ¬o oiio
153 ooo: as many as (are); supply verb
155 t|¬oiqoti: it will be permitted; “it will
suffice,” impersonal fut. + inf.
156 ytvoµtûo: let us abide; “let us be”
hortatory aor. subjunctive yiyvoµoi
158 to¬o: let it be; 3
rd
person imperative tiµi
159 o, ov ¬optiûq,: whenever you go past;
aor. subjunctive ¬op-tp_oµoi in a
general temporal clause
161 to¬q|uio,: fem. pf. pple io¬qµi
|t|ooµtqµtvo,: arranged; i.e. in clothing
and appearance
oo¬tp t¬oipoi tioûooi: just as
courtesans are accustomed
164 q µtv…q öt: on the one hand…one the
other…; all nom. predicates of |oiti¬oi




12
Cebes’ Tablet
13
o -ûuµt o: to lose heart, be discouraged, 2
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o vûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
ovo¬tpo,, -o, -ov: higher, further, 1
o -¬iqo¬io, q : greediness, insatiate desire, 1
o¬o-þoiio: to throw away, reject; lose, 1
o -oo¬i o, q : wastefulness, extravagance, 2
o¢-oipto: to take away from, 6
ouûi,: back again, later, 2
þooiitio, q: a kingdom, 1
ytioo: to laugh, 2
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öqio,, -q, -ov: clear, evident, conspicuous, 1
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
tioûo: to be accustomed, 2
t|-¬oito: to produce, finish, complete, 1
t|-¬tivo: to stretch out, 4
tço: out of (+ gen.); adv. outside, 3
t¬oipq, q : a female companion, courtesan, 1
tu -ytvtio, q: well-born, noblity, 1
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|ioio: to weep, wail, 2
|oio|tio, q : flattery, 1
|ooµto: to arrange, adorn, 2
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µuûoioyio, q : narrative, tale, account, 4
vuv: now; as it is, 4
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬op-tp_oµoi: to go beside, come past, 1
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬iou¬o,, o: wealth, riches, 11
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
¬t|vov, ¬o: child, offspring, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬upovvi,, -iöo,, q : absolute power; tyrant, 1
¬u_q, q: chance, luck, fortune, success, 9
_oipo: to rejoice, be glad; fare well, 5
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6


137 oi µtv ou¬ov…oi öt: some of them…
others
138 t|¬t¬o|o¬t,: pf. pple t|-¬tivo
139 ytiov: infinitive o-contract
140 oi tiiq¢o¬t,: those receiving something;
nom. pred. pf. pple ioµþovo
tioiv: are; 3
rd
pl. pres. tiµi
141 Ayoûqv…|oiouoiv: they call Chance
itself Good; verb governs double acc.
142 ¬op ov: (those) from whom; missing
antecedent is nom. pred. of tioi
o¢tiit¬o: (Chance) took away; aor. mid.
o¢-oipto, supply 1u_q as subject
o ötöo|t…ou¬oi,: (the things) which
(Chance) gave to them previously; pf.
141 Ko|qv…|oiouoiv: see line 141
145 ¬ivo…to¬iv o: what are (the things)
which; neuter pl. with 3
rd
sg. verb
o¬i: which; o ¬i, relative pronoun, neuter
sg. although the antecedent is plural; the
form is acc. object of both participles
146 oi o¬oþoiiov¬t,: those losing
148 ¬ou¬o: (they are) these…; add tioi
151 öqiovo¬i: clearly; “(it is) clear that,”
öqiov o¬i
152 ¬oiio: and other things; crasis, ¬o oiio
153 ooo: as many as (are); supply verb
155 t|¬oiqoti: it will be permitted; “it will
suffice,” impersonal fut. + inf.
156 ytvoµtûo: let us abide; “let us be”
hortatory aor. subjunctive yiyvoµoi
158 to¬o: let it be; 3
rd
person imperative tiµi
159 o, ov ¬optiûq,: whenever you go past;
aor. subjunctive ¬op-tp_oµoi in a
general temporal clause
161 to¬q|uio,: fem. pf. pple io¬qµi
|t|ooµtqµtvo,: arranged; i.e. in clothing
and appearance
oo¬tp t¬oipoi tioûooi: just as
courtesans are accustomed
164 q µtv…q öt: on the one hand…one the
other…; all nom. predicates of |oiti¬oi




14
Cebes’ Tablet
15
oioûovoµoi: to perceive, feel, learn, realize, 1
oio_po,, -o, -ov: shameful, disgraceful, 4
oµ¢i-tvvuµi: to put around, clothe, 1
ovo|yoÇo: to force, compel, constrain, 1
ovo-iio|o: to spend, waste, squander, 1
ovo-vq ¢o: to sober up, 1
ovo-¬qöoo: to leap up, start up, leap back, 2
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
ovo: up, above, 5
oçioo: to think worthy, 1
o -¬ovo,, -ov: without toil, 2
o¬o-o¬tpt o: to deprive from, rob, defraud, 2
o -o_qµovt o: be shameful, act shamefully, 1
þioþtpo,, -o, -ov: harmful, 2
yopyoiiÇo: to tickle, 1
yovu, yovo¬o,, ¬o: knee, 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öio-¬piþq, q : pastime; pursuit, 1
öio : öi o, on account of which, for…reason, 4
öouituo: to be a slave, serve, be subject to, 2
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
tio-tp_oµoi: to go in, enter, 5
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
tvt|o: for the sake of, because of, for (gen.), 5
t¬i-iti¬o: to fail, 1
t¬i-op|to: to forswear, break an oath, 1
toûio: to eat, 1
to,: until, as long as, 3
qöu-¬oûtio, q : good-feeling, luxury, 3
qöu,, -tio, -u : sweet, pleasant, glad, 2
ûupi ov, ¬o : small door, 1
itpo-ouit o: to steal from a temple, 1
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|o|o-¬oûtio, q : ill-feeling, misery, distress, 1
|o¬-toûio: to consume, eat, 2
|t¢oiq, q : the head, 2
|oiotuo: to flatter, 1
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
iqiÇo: to plunder, steal, 2
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µoo¬iç, µoo¬iyo,, q : whip, lash, 1
µtvo: to stay, remain, 4
µt_pi(,): up to; until, as long as (+ gen.), 4
µi|po,, -q, -ov: small, little; trifle, 4
oio,, -o, -ov: of what sort, as, 4
o¬ioo: backward, behind (gen.)1
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
ou|-t¬i: no more, no longer, no further, 3
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
¬opo-öiöoµi: to hand over, give over, 3
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬opo-¬qpto: to watch closely, observe, 1
¬tiûo: persuade, win over, trust; mid. obey 3
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬po-öiöoµi: to give up, betray, 2
po|o,, -to,, ¬o: a rag, 1
pu¬opo,, -o, -ov: filthy, 1
o|o¬tivo ,, -o, -ov: dark, darkness; obscure, 1
o¬tvo ,, -q, -ov: narrow, 2
ouµ-¬it|o: to cling together, entwine (dat), 1
ouv-tiµi: to be together, associate, 1
¬iµopio, q : vengeance, punishment, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬u_q, q: chance, luck, fortune, success, 9
uþpiÇo: insult, transgress, assault, maltreat 1
u¬o-µtvo: to abide, hold up, endure, 2
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9


166 ¬i : why?
to¬q|ooiv: are standing; “have stood
still” 3
rd
pl. pf. io¬qµi
167 tiiq¢o¬o,: those receiving; acc. pl. pf.
pple ioµþovo
¬opo: from; + gen.
171 ¬op ou¬oi,: beside them
o¬i…tçouoi: that they will have; 3
rd
pl.
fut. of t_o, note the aspirated t in fut.
173 ¬tioûq: is persuaded; aor. pass. subj. of
¬tiûo in a present general condition
174 µt_pi ¬ivo,: up to a certain (time)
176 yopyoiiÇq : 3
rd
sg. pres. subj. + ov in a
general temporal clause
177 ovovq¢q : 3
rd
sg. aor. subj. ovo-vq¢o +
ov in a general temporal clause
qoûitv: impf. toûio
179 ovoiooq : exhausts; 3
rd
sg. aor. subj.
ovo-iio_o + ov in a general temporal
¬opo: from; + gen.
180 öouitutiv: to be slave to; + dat.
181 ¬ovû u¬oµtvtiv: to endure everything
182 oiov: for example; “in respect to such”
185 t¬iii¬q : everything fails; aor. subj.
190 ou|ouv: do…not; anticipating yes answer
191 qµ¢itoµtvoi: being clothed; pf. pple
16
Cebes’ Tablet
17
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
oöti¢q,, q: a sister, 3
o -ûuµi o, q: discouragement, spiritlessness, 2
oio_po,, -o, -ov: shameful, disgraceful, 4
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
oµo: at once, at the same time; along with, 5
yuµvo,, -q, -ov: naked, 1
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
öuo-tiöq,, -t,: misshapen, deformed, 1
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
ti : if, whether 19
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|, tç: out of, from (+ gen.), 15
tv-¬ouûo: there, at that point, 1
tç-oipto: to take out, choose, 2
t¬i-ûuµi o, q: desire, longing, yearning, 4
t¬i-¬uy_ovo: to meet, chance upon, 1
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
Hpo|itq,, o: Heracles, 3
ûpi ç, ¬pi_o ,, q : hair, 1
|oûoipo: to cleanse, purify, 4
|o|o-öoiµovio, q : unhappiness, bad fortune, 2
|o¬o : down from (gen.), down along (acc.), 2
|o¬o-o¬pt ¢o: to bring to ruin, destroy, 1
|ivöuvo,, o: risk, danger, venture, 1
it¬¬o,, -q, -ov: thin, lean, gaunt, 2
ioi¬o,, o : remaining, the rest, 6
iu¬q, q : pain, distress, grief, 5
µo|opio,, -o, -ov: blessed, happy, 3
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µt¬o-voio, q : change of mind, repentance, 2
oöuvq, q : pain, grief, 3
oöupµo,, o : lamentation, complaining, 2
oi|o,, o : household, house, 1
oµoio,, -o, -ov: like, resembling, similar, 4
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬opo-öiöoµi: to hand over, give over, 3
¬op-io¬qµi: to stand or set beside, 2
¬iovoo: to wander; err, deceive, 5
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬poo-öt_oµoi: to receive, accept, 1
pi¬¬o: to hurl, cast, throw, 2
ouµ-þioo: to live with, live together, 1
ouv-ov¬oo: to encounter, come together, 2
ouv-io¬qµi: to introduce, put together 1
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬iiio: to pluck, 1
¬iµopto: to punish, avenge, 1
1tuöo-öoçio, q : false opinion, 1
1tuöo-¬oiötio, q: false-education, -culture, 10
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9
o: O! oh!, 12


195 ¬pi_o,: hair; acc. pl. of ûpiç, ¬pi_o,
197 ¬opto¬q|o,: the one standing beside; +
dat.; pf. pple, ¬op-io¬qµi, in apposition
200 ¬i, to¬iv: who is she?
¬ou¬oi,…¬opoöiöo¬oi: (one) is handed
over to these; i.e. a person is given over
to Oöupµo, and Aûuµio
203 ouµþioi: one lives with; ouµþioti, 3
rd
sg.
pres. o-contract verb, the subj. is a person
204 pi¬¬t¬oi: is thrown; pres. pass.
207 tov µq...t¬i¬u_q: if…does not meet him;
aor. subj. t¬i¬uy_ovo in pres. general
condition
208 ¬i yiyvt¬oi: what happens…?
209 ouvov¬q oq : see line 207
210 tçoipti: Mt¬ovoio is subject
ouvio¬qoiv ou¬o: introduce to him
211 ¬qv…|oiouµtvqv: the (desire leading) to
the so-called False-education
216 oçouoiv: intended to lead; fut. pple oyo
217 |oûopûti,: being cleansed; aor. pple with
gen. of agent (by)
219 ¬iovo¬oi: is made to wander; not mid.
voice but passive with gen. agent
220 o, µtyo,…ou¬o,: how great a danger
this other one is!; in exclamation
221 H öt 1tuöo¬oiötio, ¬oio to¬iv: what is
(this) False-education?; “but False-
education, what is it?” an example of
prolepsis (anticipation)


18
Cebes’ Tablet
19
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
ovo-|o檪o: to wander, return, 5
ovqp, ovöpo,, o : a man, 5
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
o¬o¬oo: to deceive, trick, 3
opiûµq¬i|o,, o : arithmetician, 1
oo¬poioyo,, o: astronomer, 1
þouioµoi: to wish, be willing, desire, 5
ytoµt¬pq,, o: measurer of land, 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öioit|¬i|o,, o: one skilled in arguing, 1
ti|oio,, -o, -ov: reckless, heedless, 1
tio-oöo,, q : entrance, 2
tço: out of (+ gen.); adv. outside, 3
tpoo¬q,, -ou, o : a lover, 1
tp_oµoi: to go, come, 3
too: inside, 2
tu -¬o|¬o,, -ov: well arranged, well ordered, 2
qöovi|o,, -q , -o v: pleasurable, pleasing, 1
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|oûopio,, -q, -ov: clean, neat, tidy, 1
|pi¬i|o,, o : judge, critic, 1
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µouoi|o,, -q, -ov: musical, cultured, 1
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
oioµoi: to suppose, think, imagine, 3
oµoio,, -o, -ov: like, resembling, similar, 4
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
o¬o¬ov: whenever, 1
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬tpi-¬pt_o: to run around, 1
Htpi¬o¬q¬i|o,, o: a Peripatetic, 1
¬oiq¬q,, -ou, o: poet, 1
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
pq¬op, -opo,, o: rhetor, speaker, 1
ouv-oµiito: to associate with, 1
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
1tuöo¬oiötio, q: false-education, -culture, 10
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9


224 |oi µo io: very much indeed; |oi as adv.
225 Ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response
tço: outside
¬opo: alongside
226 to¬q|tv: stands; “has stood still,” pf.
229 ¬ou¬qv: this one; i.e. the yuvq above
¬ov ovöpov: (of) men; partitive gen.
231 ¬oi: you know, to be sure; particle
232 þouiov¬oi: they wish; pres. subj. + ov in
a general temporal clause
tiûtiv: aor. inf. tp_oµoi
234 ¬o¬tpov..ou| qv: was there not then
another road….?; impf. tiµi
238 ¬ivt, tioiv: who are they?; 3
rd
pl. tiµi
239 q¬o¬qµtvoi: being deceived; pf. pass. ;
o¬o¬oo, instead of duplication of the
initial consonant, the vowel is lengthened
243 oi µtv…oi öt...oi öt...: some (are
called)…others (are called)
249 oµoioi: similar to; governs a dat.
tv oi,: among whom
252 ou¬oi t|tivoi tioiv: they themselves are
those


20
Cebes’ Tablet
21
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
o v-oöio, q : pathless place, roadless place, 2
o¬o¬q, -q,, q: a trick, fraud, deceit, 5
o¬-tp_oµoi: to go away, leave, 3
o¬o : from, away from. (+ gen.), 5
o¬o-yiyvoo|o: to reject, repudiate 2
o¬o-iuo: to loosen from, free, 1
ovo: up, above, 5
o -¢poouvq, q: folly, thoughtlessness, 3
þouvo,, o: a hill, mound, 3
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
öq: indeed, surely, really, certainly, just, 5
öio : through (+ gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
tio-tp_oµoi: to go in, enter, 5
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel in, journey, march in, 11
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|-þoiio: to throw out, 3
ti-iti¬o: to leave out, omit, 1
tvt|o: for the sake of, because of, for (gen.), 5
t¬i-|o¬-oi|to: to dwell on, live upon, 1
tpqµo,, -q, -ov: solitary, deserted, 1
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
ûu po, q : a door, 2
|oûoi po: to cleanse, purify, 4
|oûop¬i|o,, -q, -ov: cleansing, purifying, 3
|o|io, q : wickedness, vice, cowardice, 6
ioi¬o,, o : remaining, the rest, 6
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µoûqµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: learning, instruction, 5
µtvo: to stay, remain, 4
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µt_pi(,): up to; until, as long as (+ gen.), 4
µi|po,, -q, -ov: small, little; trifle, 4
vq : by + acc. (used in swearing), 7
oiiyo, -q, -ov: few, little, small, 1
o¬ou: where, 1
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
oo¬i,, q¬i,, o ¬i: who-, which-, whatever, 1
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
ou öt-¬o¬t: not at any time, never, 1
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
ou -¬t: and not, neither...nor, 14
o_ito: to crowd, make a crowd, 1
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
¬t¬poöq,, -t,: like a rock, rocky, 1
¬ivo: to drink, 8
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬oµo, -¬o,, ¬o: a drink, 2
¬optuoµoi: to travel, traverse, proceed, 2
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬po: before, in front; in place of (+ gen.), 2
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
o¬ovi o,: rarely, scarely, seldom, 1
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬o¬t: at that time, then, 2
¬po_u,, -tio, -u : rough, harsh, 1
u ¢qio ,, q , o v: high, lofty, 4
¢tpo: to bear, carry, bring, convey, 3
1tuöo¬oiötio, q: false-education, -culture, 10
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9


253 ¬o¬tpov: introduces a yes/no question,
leave untranslated
254 vq Li o: by Zeus; acc. sg. Ztu,
257 yop: yes, because
tv ¬ou¬oi,: among these
t¬iov: they drank; 3
rd
pl. aor. ¬ivo
259 ou µq o¬tiûq: do not leave; ou µq +
aor. subj. o¬-tp_oµoi expressing
emphatic denial
261 o¬oyvov¬t,…1tuöo¬oiötio,: rejecting
False-education; “judging away,” gen. of
separation, aor. pple o¬oyiyvoo|o,
tiotiûooiv: they enter; ov + aor. subj.
tio-tp_oµoi in a general temporal clause
262 ¬iooi: aor. subj. ¬ivo
¬ou¬ov: from these; gen. separation
263 |oûopûooi: they are cleansed; 3
rd
pl. aor.
pass. |oûoipo, general temporal clause
266 ¬o¬t öq: at exactly this time
ooûq oov¬oi: 3
rd
pl. fut. pass. ooÇo
267 ¬opo: alongside
o¬oiuûqoov¬oi: fut. pass. o¬o-iuo
268 tiiti¢ti…|o|ov ouötv: no evil will
neglect them
270 q ¢tpouoo: (the road) bearing…; i.e.
proceeding in a particular direction
275 ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response

22
Cebes’ Tablet
23
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
oöti¢q,, q: a sister, 3
ovo-þoivo: to go up, climb, mount, 2
ovo -þooi,, -to,, q: ascent, mounting, 1
ovo: up, above, 5
o¬o : from, away from. (+ gen.), 5
o¬o-ötiiioo: to shrink back, crouch away, 2
o¬o -|pqµvo,, -ov: steep, 1
o -ovo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
þoûu, -tio, -u : deep, steep, 1
þouvo,, o: a hill, mound, 3
þpo_u: shortly, 1
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öti : it is necessary, must, ought (+ inf.), 7
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öio-ovo-¬ouo: to rest for a while, 1
öuo: two, 3
ty-|po¬tio, q : self-control, 2
t|-¬tivo: to stretch out, 4
ti|o: to drag, draw, 1
t¬-oyytiio: to order, command; profess, 2
tv-ûtv: from here, hence, 2
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
tu-t|¬to: to be in good health, 1
q|o: to come, 3
ûo poo,, o : daring, boldness, confidence, 2
ûopot o: be confident or bold, take courage, 3
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
io_u,, o: strength, power, force, 1
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|op¬tpto: to be steadfast, patient, staunch, 1
|op¬tpio, q : endurance, patience, 2
|oû-io¬qµi: to establish, 2
|tituo: to bid, order, command, exhort, 11
|pqµvo,, o: sheer cliff, height, precipice, 2
|u|io,, o : circle, 1
ii¬opo,, -o, -ov: shining, brilliant, 1
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µi|po,, -q, -ov: small, little; trifle, 4
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬opo-|oito: to encourage, urge, 1
¬t¬po, -o,, q: rock, cliff, 3
¬po-ûu µo,: eagerly, zealously, readily,
willingly, 2
¬poo-|o¬o-þoivo: to step down (to), 1
¬poo-opoo: to look to, look upon, 1
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
o¬tvo ,, -q, -ov: narrow, 2
ooµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: the body, 1
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
u¢qio,, q, ov: high, lofty, 4
¢tpo: to bear, carry, bring, convey, 3
_oit¬o,, -o, -ov: difficult, hard, harmful, 2
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6


283 þoûti,: modifies |pqµvou,
287 |oi µo io yt _oit¬q: a very difficult
(road) indeed; yt emphasizes µoio
¬pooiötiv: to look upon; explanatory
(epexegetical) inf. with _oit¬q
288 ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response
289 |u|io : in a circle; dat. manner
291 to¬q|uio,: standing; “having stood still”
pf. pple io¬qµi
292 tut|¬ouoo,: acc. pl. pres. pple tut|¬to
¬o ooµo¬i: in respect to body; dat. of
respect
293 |oi o, t|¬t¬o|ooi: and (do you see) how
they have stretched out out; pf. t|¬o¬¬o
297 ¬i : why
300 o¬oötiiiov: inf. o-contract o¬oötiiioo
301 |op¬tpqooi ou¬ou,: that they be
steadfast; aor. inf. and acc. subject
qçouoiv: they will come; fut. q|o
304 ¢tpouoov: bearing…; i.e. heading in a
particular direction; pres. pple ¢tpo
308 µt¬o µi|pov: after a little (time)
310 |o¬oo¬qotiv: to come to; fut. inf.


24
Cebes’ Tablet
25
oiqûtio, q : truth, 1
oioo,, ¬o: grove, 1
o -¬iou,, q, -ouv: simple, 2
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
o -o¢oiq ,, -t,: not liable to fall, safe, secure 6
o -o¢oio,: securely, safely, unfailingly, 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
þtþoio,, -ov: firm, steadfast, sure, certain, 5
öti|vuµi: to point out, display, show, 5
öio : through (+ gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öuo: two, 3
titv: well (then), let it be, 1
tµ-¬pooûtv: before, 2
tµ-¢oivoµoi: to appear, 3
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
tu -öoiµovio, q : happiness, good fortune, 5
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
tu -¬optu¬o,, -ov: easy to travel, 1
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
qöq: already, now, at this time, 2
qii|io, q : age, time of life, 1
ûuyo ¬qp, q : a daughter, 1
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|oûopo,, -o , -ov: clean, pure, 1
|oû-io¬qµi: to establish, 2
|oiio¬ioµo,, o : ornamentation, adornment 1
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|o¬o-ioµ¬o: to light up, 1
|o¬o-vot o: to observe, note, 1
|tiµoi: to lie down, 2
|pivo: to judge, scrutinize, 2
itiµov, -ovo,, o: meadow, 1
itiµovotiöq,, -t,: meadow-like, 1
iiûo,, o : a stone, 5
µoio: very, very much, exceedingly, 8
µtoo,, - q, -ov: middle, in the middle of, 3
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
vq : by + acc. (used in swearing), 7
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
oi|q¬qpiov, ¬o : dwelling, house, 1
oµoio,, -q, -ov: smooth, level, 1
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
Htiûo, ou,, q: Persuasion, 1
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po: before, in front; in place of (+ gen.), 2
¬pooo¬ov, ¬o : face, 1
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
oqµtiov, ¬o: sign, mark, 2
o¬oiq , q : a robe, stole, 2
o¬poyyu io,, -q, -ov: round, spherical, 4
¬t: and, both, 11
¬t¬poyovo,, -ov: square, four-angled, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬piþo: to wear away, rub, 1
¢o,, ¢o¬o,, ¬o: light, 1
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9


311 o, to¬i: that it is; i.e. the road, another
example of prolepsis (anticipation)
¬ov¬o, |o|ou: from every evil; gen. of
separation with |oûopo
314 vq Li o: by Zeus
317 ¢o¬i ¬oiio: with much light; dat. of
means or cause
324 tuöoiµovov oi|¬q piov: dwelling of the
happy ones
326 o, |oiov: how fine you say…
328 ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response
¬opo: beside, near
329 |oûto¬q|uio ¬o ¬po oo¬ov: having put
on a mask; fem. sg. pf. pple |oû-io¬qµi
330 µtoq …|t|piµtvq …qii|io : at a middle
and already judicious age; pf. |pivo
332 to¬q|t: stands; “has stood still”
pf. io¬qµi
333 oo¢oio, |tiµtvou: securely set
334 tioi: are
335 ou¬o, t_tiv: to be thus; t_o + adv.
often translates as “to be (disposed)”
336 ¬ou¬ov…q µtv…q öt: of these…one…the
other; partitive gen.
338 ¬i : why
333 oqµtiov: (it is) an indication

26
Cebes’ Tablet 27
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
ovo -iq¢i,, -to,, q: recovery, taking up, 1
o¬-oûto: to push away, refuse, 1
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
o -o¢oiq ,, -t,: not liable to fall, safe, secure 6
o¢-i|vtoµoi: to come, arrive, 5
o -¢oþio, q: fearlessness, 1
ötivo,, -q, -ov: strange, wondrous; terrible, 5
öq-¬ou: perhaps, I suppose, of course, 3
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öooi,, -to,, q: a giving, a gift, 6
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
öopov, ¬o: a gift, 1
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
ti : if, whether 19
tio-oyo: to lead in, to introduce, bring in, 1
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|-þoiio: to throw out, 3
t|-|oûoipo: to cleanse out, purify, 1
tvt|o: for the sake of, because of, for (gen.), 5
tç-oiiuµi: to destroy utterly, 1
tço: out of (+ gen.); adv. outside, 3
t¬io¬qµq, q: knowledge, 6
t¬i-¬o¬¬o: to order, enjoin, command, 1
tp_oµoi: to go, come, 3
tu -ioyo,: reasonably, rightly, 1
Hpo|itq,, o: Heracles, 3
ûo poo,, o : daring, boldness, confidence, 2
ûtpo¬tu o: to attend to, care for, serve, 2
io¬po,, o : physician, doctor, 3
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|oû-io¬qµi: to establish, 2
|oûoipo: to cleanse, purify, 4
|oûop¬i|o,, -q , -ov: cleansing, purifying, 3
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|oµvo: to be sick or weary, 2
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µqö-ti,, µqö-tµio, µqö-tv: no one, nothing, 6
vooo-¬oito: to cause sickness, 1
vo oo,, o: sickness, illness, disease, 1
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
o¬o,: how, in what way; in order that, that, 3
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬oo_o: to suffer, experience, 6
¬tiûo, ou,, q : persuasion, 1
¬ivo: to drink, 8
¬iovo,, o: wandering, error, deceit, 6
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬o¬t: ever, at some time, once, 7
¬o¬iÇo: to give drink, 3
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
ouv-iqµi: to understand; put together, 10
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬po¬o,, o: a manner, way; turn, direction, 2
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen to; get 5
uyitio, q : health, 1
¢iio-¬iµo,: ambitiously, extremely, 1
o: O! oh!, 12


340 ¬oi, o¢i|vouµtvoi,: for the ones
arriving; dat. of interest
¬ov öiöoµtvov…q öooi,: among the
things given the giving (is); supply to¬i
341 ¬oi, ioµþovouoi: for those receiving;
dat. of interest
345 ¬ou…ov…¬oûtiv: of suffering; articular
aor. inf. of ¬oo_o, the ov modifies the
infinitive and expresses potential
347 o, |oio: how fine (are); in exclamation
348 ¬ivo, tvt|tv: for what reason
to¬q|tv: stands; “has stood still” pf.
io¬qµi
350 o¬o,…ûtpo¬tu q : so that…she may
attend to…; o¬o, + 3
rd
sg. subjunctive
expressing purpose, in response to tvt|tv
351 tiû : ti¬o
352 |oûopûooiv: are cleansed; 3
rd
pl. aor.
pass. subj. in general temporal clause
355 ouvq oti,: you will understand; fut.
o, ov, ti ¬i,…vooo¬oiouv¬o: that, if
someone happened to be ill, coming to a
doctor, I suppose, with cleansing (drugs)
he would cast out the things causing
illness; present contrary-to-fact condition
(impf, ov + impf), the ov is duplicated
358 ov…|o¬to¬qotv: would have set him;
ov + aor. in the same condition as above
t¬tiût¬o, ov tçoit¬o: he did not obey,
he would be utterly destroyed; cf. l. 355
o¬ooûti,: from every evil; gen o¬oûto
363 ¬ov…¬po¬ov: in the same way; respect
365 o¬o,: so that it purifies; purpose clause
368 t¬t¬o|ti: had drunk; plpf. ¬ivo
28
Cebes’ Tablet
29
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
oöti¢q,, q: a sister, 3
o|ouo: to hear, listen to, 6
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
oioÇovtio, q : false pretension, boastfulness, 2
o vo-¬iµ¬iqµi: to fill up, fill full, 1
ovöpti o, q: courage, bravery, manliness, 1
o¬o¬q, -q,, q: a trick, fraud, deceit, 5
o -¬ioo¬o,, -ov: not molded, unfashioned, 1
o -¬iou,, q, -ouv: simple, 2
o¬o-o¬t iio: to send away, 1
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
o -¬pu¢tpo,, -ov: inexpensive, 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öi|oioouvq, q: justice, righteousness, 1
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
ty-|po¬tio, q : self-control, 2
tyo-yt: I, I for my part, 3
tituûtpio, q: freedom, 1
ti¬i,, -iöo,, q: hope, expectation, 2
tvöov: within, at home, 3
tçi,, q: a habit, 2
t¬i-ûuµi o, q: desire, longing, yearning, 4
t¬io¬qµq, q: knowledge, 6
too: inside, 2
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
tu -tiöq,, -t,: good-looking, attractive, 2
tu -¬o|¬o,, -ov: well arranged, well ordered, 2
tu¬oçio, q : good order, discipline, 1
ûuµo ,, o : soul, spirit; seat of passion, 1
|oiiio¬o,, -q, -ov: most beautiful, noble, 1
|oiio¬iÇo: to adorn, beautify, 1
|oio|oyoûio, q : goodness and nobleness, 1
|oûoipo: to cleanse, purify, 4
|oû-o¬tp: just as, as, 4
ioi¬o,, o : remaining, the rest, 6
µoiio¬o: most of all; certainly, especially, 1
µtyo,, µtyoiq, µtyo: big, great, important, 6
µq¬qp, q : a mother, 1
ouöoµo,: in no way, not at all, 3
¬opo-ioµþovo: to receive, take aside, 2
¬tpi-¬oito: to make, keep save, preserve, 1
¬oi: whether? to where? 5
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬poo¬q,, q: mildness, gentleness, 1
¬poo-t_o: to pay (attention), direct, 4
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
¬uiq, q: one of double gates, 9
o¬oiq , q : a robe, stole, 2
ouv-iqµi: to understand; put together, 10
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
oo¢poou vq, q : temperance, moderation, 1
¬t: and, both, 11
¬oiyopouv: accordingly, therefore, 1
o: O! oh!, 12
¢ii-opyupio, q: avarice, love of silver, 4
_opo,, -ou, o: chorus, 1


371 ov ovt¬iqoûq: with which one was
infected; “of which one was filled up ” 3
rd

sg. aor. pass. + partitive gen.
373 |oûopûq : is cleansed; aor. pass. subj. of
|oûoipo in a general temporal clause
377 ¬oio, ¬ou¬o,: what sort these?
379 o,…öo|ouoiv: that they seem; governed
by opo,
380 o,…tioi: that they are; with opo, above
|t|oiio¬ioµtvoi: adorned; pf. pple
382 |oûo¬tp: just as
388 |oiiio¬t: most noble one; vocative,
direct address
389 o, tv µtyoiq ti¬iöi: in how great
hope…!; in explamation
389 toµtv: we are; 1
st
pl. tiµi
390 ouvq¬t: you understand; 2
nd
pl. aor. subj.
ouv-iqµi
¬tpi¬oiqoqoût: you should preserve ;
2
nd
pl. aor. jussive (volitive) subjunctive
ov o|out¬t: (of those) which you hear;
acc. pl. object assimilated into gen. of the
missing antecedent
392 ¬pootçoµtv: fut. ¬poo-t_o
o, µoiio¬o: as much as possible
393 ooûq otoût 2
nd
pl. fut. pass. ooÇo
394 ¬opoioþooiv: 3rd pl. aor. subjunctive
¬opoioµþovo

30
Cebes’ Tablet
31
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
oyov, oyovo,, o: contest, struggle, 2
o|ouo: to hear, listen to, 6
o|po¬oii,, q : acropolis, hilltop, citadel, 1
o -¬tpi-tpyo,: artlessly, simply, 1
o¬o : from, away from. (+ gen.), 5
o¬o-ppi¬¬o: to throw away, 1
opt¬q, q: excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öouituo: to be a slave, be subject to (dat.) 2
öouio,, o : a slave, 1
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
tituûtpo,: freely, 1
tµ-¢oivoµoi: to appear, 3
t¬i-¬oûto: to yearn, long for, 1
tu -ovûq,, -t,: blooming; flowered, bright, 1
tu -öoiµovio, q : happiness, good fortune, 5
tu -tiöq,, -t,: good-looking, attractive, 2
q : or (either...or); than, 15
ûqpi ov, ¬o : a wild animal, beast, 5
ûpo vo,, o : throne, 2
|oû-o¬tp: just as, as, 4
|oûq¬oi
|oû-io¬qµi: to establish, 2
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|o¬-toûio: to consume, eat, 2
|oioÇo: to punish, 1
|ooµto: to arrange, adorn, 2
|po¬to: to rule; be strong, overcome (gen), 3
µtyio¬o,, -q, -ov: greatest, most important, 4
vi|o o: to conquer, defeat, win, 5
vuv: now; as it is, 4
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬iovo,, o: wandering, error, deceit, 6
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬po: before, in front; in place of (+ gen.), 2
¬po-¬uioiov, ¬o: vestibule, entranceway, 1
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
o¬t ¢ovo,, o : a crown, 2
o¬t¢ovo o: to crowne, wreath, honor, 7
ou: you, 5
¬t: and, both, 11
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
u¢qio,, q, ov: high, lofty, 4
¢tpo: to bear, carry, bring, convey, 3
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9
oo¬t: so that, that, so as to, 3


400 ¢tpouoov: bearing; i.e. heading, pres.
pple ¢tpo above
t¬i ¬o u¢qiov t|tivo: onto that height
404 ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response
|oûto¬q|uio: standing; “having stood,”
pf. pple |oû-io¬qµi
406 |t|ooµqµtvq: adorned; pf. pple
to¬t¢ovoµtvq: crowned; pf. pple
407 o¬t¢o vo : with crown; dat. of means
410 ¬opoytvq¬oi: aor. subj. ¬opoyiyvoµoi
in a general temporal clause
¬i : what
412 o¬t¢ovoi: crowns; o¬t¢ovoti, 3
rd
sg.
pres. -contract, Euöoiµovio is subject
¬q…öuvoµti: by her own power; dat.
means
414 vtvi|q|o ¬o: acc. sg. pf. pple vi|oo
415 vtvi |q|tv: 3
rd
sg. pf. vi|oo
418 o …|o¬qoûit: which…was devouring; 3
rd

sg. impf. with neuter pl. subject
t¬oiti: made (him); ¬oito governs a
double accusative
420 |t|po¬q|tv tou¬ou : ruled over himself
420 t|tivo: those; i.e. ûqpio above, subject
421 |oûo¬tp ou¬o,: just as this one (was a
slave to); supply the same verb as above
¬po¬tpov: previously; comparative adv.
424 o|ouooi: aor. inf. o|ouo



32
Cebes’ Tablet
33
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
oûiio,: miserably, wretchedly, 2
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
oioÇovtio, q : false pretension, boastfulness, 2
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
o¬o,, o¬ooo, o¬ov: every, quite all, 2
o¢-i|vtoµoi: to come, arrive, 5
þoöiÇo: to walk, to go, 5
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
öoiµoviov, ¬o: divine being, divinity, 6
öto: to bind, tie, 1
öti|vuµi: to point out, display, show, 5
ötivo,, -q, -ov: strange, wondrous; terrible, 5
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öio-¬piþo: to pass time, consume, spend, 5
öuvoµoi: to be able, can, be capable, 4
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
t|, tç: out of, from (+ gen.), 15
t|ti: there, in that place, 4
t|-iuo: to loosen up, 1
ti¬i,, -iöo,, q: hope, expectation, 2
tvûoöt: here, hither, there, thither, 1
t¬i-iovûovo: to forget, 1
tpyov, ¬o: work, labor, deed, act, 7
tp_oµoi: to go, come, 3
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
ti¬ov: said, spoke, aor. ityo, 5
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
tu -öoiµovio, q : happiness, good fortune, 5
tu -öoiµovi|o,, -q, -ov: bringing happiness, 1
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
tupio|o: to find, discover, devise, invent, 2
q : or (either...or); than, 15
|o|io, q : wickedness, vice, cowardice, 6
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|o¬o-|po¬to: to overpower, control, 1
|tvo-öoçio, q : empty opinion, idle opinion, 1
|po¬to: to rule; be strong, overcome (gen), 3
ioi¬o,, o : remaining, the rest, 6
iu¬q, q : pain, distress, grief, 5
µo|opio,, -o, -ov: blessed, happy, 3
vouoyt o: to be shipwrecked, wreck a ship, 1
vtovi o|o,, o : young man, 1
vi |q, q: victory, 1
vi |qµo, o¬ov, ¬o : victory, 1
oöo,, q : road, way, path, journey, 14
oöupµo,, o : lamentation, complaining, 2
o -ûtv: from where, from which, 2
opûo,: rightly, correctly, 1
¬oo_o ¬o ou¢¢tp, t_¬tpitvçt,
¬iovoo: to wander; err, deceive, 5
¬oi: whether? to where? 5
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oitµio,, -o, -ov: hostile; subs. enemy, 1
¬ovqpo,, -o, -ov: wicked, bad, 1
¬poo¬oyµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: command, 1
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
o¬t ¢ovo,, o : a crown, 2
o¬t¢ovo o: to crowne, wreath, honor, 7
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬opo¬¬o: to trouble, upset, 2
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
¬piþo: to wear away, rub, 1
u¬o-ioµþovo: to take up, reply, interpose, 1
¢ii-opyupio, q: avarice, love of silver, 4
o: O! oh!, 12
oöt: in this way, so, thus, 9
oo¬t: so that, that, so as to, 3


431 oo¬tp ¬po¬tpov: just as previously; adv.
432 |oiov ¬ov…¬q, vi|q,: (rules over) +
gen.; supply verb |po¬ti from above
433 ti¬t: aor. sg. imperative ityo
¬i, what (is); supply linking verb
434 o: by which; dat. means
t¢q,…ou¬ov you said that he; acc.
subject
435 o¬t¢ovoûti,: aor. pass. pple o¬t¢ovo
436 öuvoµti: by…; dat. means
438 tv ou¬o: in himself; tou¬o
439 o, |oiov…ityti,: how fine a prize you
speak of; in exclamation
440 o¬t¢ooûq: was crowned; 3
rd
sg. aor.
pass. pple o¬t¢ovo, general temporal
441 u¬oioþouooi: receiving; aor. pple pple
442 qiût: 3
rd
sg. aor. tp_oµoi
444 Çooi: Çoouoi, 3
rd
pl. pres. Çoo
445 |o¬o|t|po¬qµtvoi: overpowered; pf.
449 t|iuooi: to free from + gen.; aor. inf.
oi, ötötv¬oi: to whom they are bound
450 oo¬t ooûqvoi: so as to be saved; aor.
451 öio...: on account of not being able; art.
453 t¬tioûov¬o: forgot; aor. t¬iiovûovo
34
Cebes’ Tablet 35
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o|piþo,: precisely, accurately, perfectly, 1
ovo-ioþovo: to take up, reply, 2
ov¬i-¢opµo|ov, ¬o: antidote, counter-drug, 2
ov¬pov, ¬o : a cave, 1
o¬o,, o¬ooo, o¬ov: every, quite all, 2
o -¬opto: be at a loss, puzzled, bewildered, 3
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
o -o¢o itio, q: security, safety, 2
ooµtvo,: gladly, willingly, 1
o¢-i|vtoµoi: to come, arrive, 5
þoöiÇo: to walk, to go, 5
þioo: to live, 3
þouioµoi: to wish, be willing, desire, 5
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öti|vuµi: to point out, display, show, 5
öq: indeed, surely, really, certainly, just, 5
öq-¬ou: perhaps, I suppose, of course, 3
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öio-¬piþo: to pass time, consume, spend, 5
öio : öi o, on account of which, 4
öi-o_ito: to trouble, disturb, 1
t|ti: there, in that place, 4
tv-öoioÇo: to doubt, 1
t¬-ovo: superior to, above, overtop, 1
t¬ti-öov: whenever, 2
t¬io¬oµoi: to know, know how, understand, 6
t¬io¬qµq, q: knowledge, 6
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
t_io -öq|¬o,, -ov: serpent-bitten, 1
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
q : or (either...or); than, 15
q|o: to come, 3
ûo vo¬o,, o : death, 1
ûtopt o: to see, watch, look at, 5
ûqpi ov, ¬o : a wild animal, beast, 5
io¬po,, o : physician, doctor, 3
|oû-o¬tp: just as, as, 4
|o|o-¬oito: to treat badly or poorly, 1
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|oµvo: to be sick or weary, 2
|upituo: to be lord, rule over (gen.) 1
Ko|up|io,, -q, -ov: Corycian, 1
iu¬to: to pain, feel distress, grieve, 3
iu¬q, q : pain, distress, grief, 5
µo: by + acc. (used in oaths), 1
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µt_pi(,): up to; until, as long as (+ gen.), 4
voµi Ço: to believe, think, deem, 3
vuv: now; as it is, 4
oöuvq, q : pain, grief, 3
o¬oi: to which place, whither, 2
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
ou|-t¬i: no more, no longer, no further, 3
ou -¬t: and not, neither...nor, 14
o -ûtv: from where, from which, 2
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬ov¬o-_ou : everywhere, 3
¬oo_o: to suffer, experience, 6
¬tvio, q: poverty, need, 1
¬ivo: to drink, 8
¬iovo,, o: wandering, error, deceit, 6
¬oi: whether? to where? 5
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬po¬¬o: to do, accomplish, make, act, 4
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
ouµ-¢tpo: to gather; be useful, expedient, 5
¬t: and, both, 11
¬o¬o,, o: a place, region, 10
u¬o-öt_oµoi: to receive, 1
¢ii-opyupio, q: avarice, love of silver, 4
¢oþto: to put to flight, terrify, frighten, 1


456 ¬ou¬o: at this; acc. of respect
öio ¬i : for what reason; “on account of
what…?” ind. question in apposition
457 ¬o ¬po ¬tpov: previously; adverbial acc.
458 qöti: 3
rd
sg plpf. (impf. in sense) oiöo
q¬io¬o¬o: was understanding; impf.
¬ov t|ti: of the matters there
460 t¬t¬o|ti: had drunk; plpf. ¬ivo
¬o µq ov¬o: things (actually) not being
good; pple tiµi, µq shows the conditional
force of the pple; acc. subject of inf. tiµi
462 tÇq: tÇot, 3
rd
sg. impf. Çoo
ovtiiq¢o,: having taking up; nom. sg.
pf. pple ovoioµþovo
464 ouµ¢tpo v¬ov: of thiings advantageous
465 o, |o|o,: how poorly…
470 oi ov: to wherever; + aor. subj.
475 µq …: lest…; fearing clause, subj. ¬oo_o
477 ou µq: he will not be troubled; fut. pass.
484 öio ¬o t_tiv: on account of having
36
Cebes’ Tablet
37
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
o -öoçio, q: bad reputation, disgrace, 1
oûiio,, -o, -ov: miserable, wretched, 1
oûiio,: miserably, wretchedly, 2
o -ûuµi o, q: discouragement, spiritlessness, 2
oi¬iooµoi: to blame, charge, accuse, 1
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o|oiouûto: to follow, 2
ovo-þoivo: to go up, climb, mount, 2
ovo-|o檪o: to wander, return, 5
ov-oöio, q : pathless place, roadless place, 2
ov¬i-¢opµo|ov, ¬o: antidote, counter-drug, 2
o¬o : from, away from. (+ gen.), 5
o¬o-yiyvoo|o: to reject, repudiate, 2
o¬o-ötiiioo: to shrink back, crouch away, 2
o -o¬t¢o vo¬o,, -ov: uncrowned, 2
þoöiÇo: to walk, to go, 5
þouvo,, o: a hill, mound, 3
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öio|tiµoi: to lie over, be disposed, 2
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, its-, themselves 8
ti¬ov: said, spoke, aor. ityo, 5
t|ti -ûtv: from there, from that place, 2
t|ti -ot: thither, to that place, 1
tµ-¢ooi,, q: gesture, show, 2
t¬-o|oiouûto: follow after, pursue, 1
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
tuûu,: right away, straight, directly, at once, 1
tu -¢poivo: to rejoice, 1
tu -¢poouvq, q: joy, 1
Ztu,, o: Zeus, 7
qöu-¬oûtio, q : good-feeling, luxury, 3
|o|o-öoiµov, -ov: unlucky, ill-fated, 2
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|op¬tpio, q : endurance, patience, 2
|o¬-t_o: to hold fast, hold back; possess, 3
|t¢oiq, q : the head, 2
|vqµq, q: leg, 1
iu¬to: to pain, feel distress, grieve, 3
iu¬q, q : pain, distress, grief, 5
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
vq : by + acc. (used in swearing), 7
oöuvq, q : pain, grief, 3
ou|-t¬i: no more, no longer, no further, 3
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬iovoo: to wander; err, deceive, 5
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
o¬t¢ovo o: to crowne, wreath, honor, 7
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬oioi¬opo,, -ov: miserable, wretched, 1
¬opo_q, q : trouble, anxiety, 1
¬piþo: to wear away, rub, 1
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen to; get 5


485 öio ¬o t_tiv: on account of having
ti¬i : sg. aor. imperative ityo
¬ivt, tioiv: who are…?; 3
rd
pl. tiµi
489 oi µtv…oi öt: some…others
490 to¬t¢ovoµtvoi: crowned; pf. pass. pple
here has t- instead of duplication
491 iu¬q, |oi ¬opo_q,: supply from above
tµ¢ooiv ¬oiouoiv
493 ¬t¬pi¢ûoi: to have rubbed; pf. ¬piþo
|o¬t_ov¬oi: are held fast; pres. pass.s
494 otoooµt voi: pf. pass. pple ooÇo
¬t¬u_q|o¬t, ou¬q,: having attained it;
pf. pple ¬uy_ovo + partitive gen.
494 oi µtv..oi öt: some…others; i.e. among
uncrowned second group
496 o¬tyvooµtvoi: having been rejected; pf.
pass. pple with t- instead of duplication
498 öio|tiµtvoi: being disposed; i.e. being in
a certain state
o¬oötötiiio|o¬t,: pf. pple. o¬oötiiioo
ovoþtþq|o¬t,: pf. pple. ovoþoivo
500 ¬iovov¬oi ovoöio : are made to wander
in the pathless region; dat. place where
507 vq Li o: by Zeus; acc. sg. Ztu,
510 oi¬iov¬oi: they blame; oi¬ioov¬oi pres.
|o|o, ityouoi: speak badly about + acc.

38
Cebes’ Tablet
39
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o -oo¬i o, q : wastefulness, extravagance, 2
ov-oyytiio: to proclaim, report, 1
ovo-|o檪o: to wander, return, 5
o¬-oyo: to lead away, 3
o¬o-iouo: to enjoy, have enjoyment (gen.), 2
o¬o-iti¬o: to leave behind, abandon, 1
opt¬q, q : excellence, goodness, virtue, 8
þoo|qµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: herd of cattle, 1
ytioo: to laugh, 2
ytµiÇo: to fill up of, load with (gen) 1
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öoiµoviov, ¬o: divine being, divinity, 6
öq: indeed, surely, really, certainly, just, 5
öqioo: to make clear, show, exhibit, 1
öio : öi o, on account of which, 4
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
tou¬ou, -q,, -ou: him-, her-, it-, themselves, 3
ti¬ov: said, spoke, aor. ityo, 5
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
tio-tp_oµoi: to go in, enter, 5
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel in, journey, march in, 11
tioo: within, 1
t|ti -ûtv: from there, from that place, 2
tç-oipto: to take out, choose, 2
tç-qytoµoi: to explain, lead out, 3
t¬io¬qµq, q: knowledge, 6
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
tu -öoiµov, -ov: happy, fortunate, blessed, 7
tuo_to: to feast, eat a feast, 1
qytoµoi: to lead; consider, think, believe, 3
qöq: already, now, at this time, 2
qµti,: we, 10
ûopot o: be confident or bold, take courage, 3
ût µi,, q : right, custom, 1
iiopo,, -o, -ov: joyous, 1
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|t¢oioio,, -o, -ov: of the head; main point, 1
µtyio¬o,, -q, -ov: greatest, most important, 4
vou,, vto,, q: a ship, boat, 1
o¬o,: how, in what way; in order that, that, 3
ouöt -¬o: not (even) yet, 1
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬opo-öiöoµi: to hand over, give over, 3
¬opo-ioµþovo: to receive, take aside, 2
¬opo-iti¬o: to leave out, omit, 1
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬poo-¬o¬¬o: to order, assign, appoint, 4
¬t: and, both, 11
¬o¬t: at that time, then, 2
¬po¬o,, o: a manner, way; turn, direction, 2
uµti,: you, 10
¢op¬iov, ¬o: freight, cargo, 1


513 ¬ov þi ov…o¬oii¬ov¬t,: abandoning the
life at hand to them(selves); tou¬oi,
Çooi: Çoouoi, 3
rd
pl. pres.
514 ¬op ou¬oi,: at hand to them(selves)
516 ti¬oi ov: when one might speak; aor. opt.
ityo + ov expresses potential
t¬i |t¢oioi ou: in summary
517 ¬o tuo_tioûoi…o¬oioutiv: to feast and
enjoy (oneself); articular infinitives are
acc. subject of tivoi, inf. tiµi, below
þoo|qµo¬ov ¬po¬ov: in the manner of
cattle; acc. of respect
521 ytioooi: ytioouooi; fem. pl. pres. pple
523 oi : who
oyoyouooi: fem. pl. aor. pple. oyo
525 o¬o,…oyoyooi: so that they may lead
others; purpose clause, aor. subj. oyo
ovoyytiiooiv: may report; aor. subj. in
the same purpose clause as oyoyooi
o¬i: that
526 ytyovooiv: 3
rd
pl. pf. yiyvoµoi
526 ou,: (those) whom…; the missing
antecedent is subject of ytyovooiv
527 ¬o¬tpov: leave untranslated, introduces a
yes/no question
529 ou …ût µi,: (it is) not right; impersonal
530 ¬q Hoiötio : to Education; indirect obj.
531 ¬opoioþq : receives; general temporal
clause, 3
rd
sg. aor. subj. ¬opoioµþovo
532 oiiou, oçouoi: intending to lead others;
fut. pple oyo expressing purpose
533 tçtioµtvoi: aor. mid. pple tç-oipto
435 ytµiÇov¬oi: are filled with + gen.
436 t|tivo…¬i : that…(namely) what…
qµiv: to us; dat. indirect object
ötöqio|o,: you have revealed; pf.
539 ûopptiv: be confident; inf. as imper.
540 tçqyqooµoi, ¬opoiti¢o: 1
st
sg. fut.
40
Cebes’ Tablet
41
oyovo|¬to: to feel irritated, annoyed, angry 1
o -q¬¬q¬ou,, -ov: unconquered, invincible, 1
o -ûuµt o: to lose heart, be discouraged, 2
oi¬io, q : cause, reason; blame, 1
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
o¬-oi¬to: to ask back, demand back, 1
opyupiov, ¬o : silver, 1
op¬i: just, exactly, 1
o -o¢oiq ,, -t,: not liable to fall, safe, secure 6
o¢-oipto: to take away from, 6
þtþoio,, -ov: firm, steadfast, sure, certain, 5
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öoiµoviov, ¬o: divine being, divinity, 6
ötivo,, -q, -ov: strange, wondrous; terrible, 5
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öooi,, -to,, q: a giving, a gift, 6
ti|q : rashly, without plan or purpose, 3
ti¬ov: said, spoke, aor. ityo, 5
tioûo: to be accustomed, 2
t|-¬tivo: to stretch out, 4
t¬oivto: to praise, extol, 1
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
qytoµoi: to lead; consider, think, believe, 3
ûouµo Ço: to wonder, marvel, be astonished 2
ût µo, -o¬o,, ¬o: deposit, 1
iöio,, -o, -ov: peculiar, one’s own, private, 3
io¬qµi: to make stand, set up, establish, 12
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|tituo: to bid, order, command, exhort, 11
|oµiÇo: to bring, carry (to), 1
|oiuo: to hinder, check, prevent, 5
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
iiûo,, o : a stone, 5
ioyioµo,, o : calculation, reckoning, 1
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µqöt: and not, but not, nor, 4
µqö-ti,, µqö-tµio, µqö-tv: no one, nothing, 6
µq -¬t: and not, 4
µvqµovtuo: to remember, recall, 2
voµi Ço: to believe, think, deem, 3
oioµoi: to suppose, think, imagine, 3
oµoio,, -o, -ov: like, similar to (+ dat), 4
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬oo_o ¬o ou¢¢tp, t_¬tpitvçt,
¬io¬tuo: to trust, believe in, rely on, 3
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oiio-¬iooio,, -ov: manifold, many times, 1
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬po¬¬o: to do, accomplish, make, act, 4
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
o¬poyyu io,, -q, -ov: round, spherical, 4
¬o_to,: quickly, speedily, 1
¬iûqµi: to set forth, deposit, place, 1
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬oiou¬o,, -ou¬q, -ou¬o: such, 5
¬po¬tÇi¬q,, o : banker, money-changer, 1
¬uy_ovo: to chance, happen to; get 5
¬u¢io,, q, ov: the blind, 3
¬u_q, q: chance, luck, fortune, success, 9
uµti,: you, 10
¢uoi,, -to,, q: nature, character, 2
_oipo: to rejoice, be glad; fare well, 5
_tip, _tipo,, q : hand, 6
¢t yo: to blame, accuse, 1
ooou¬o,: in the same manner, just so, 3
oo¬t: so that, that, so as to, 3


543 E|¬tivo,: nom. sg. aor. pple. t|¬tivo
545 to¬ovoi: to stand; pf. inf. io¬qµi
548 ¬ou¬q…qytioûoi: (to\ Daimo/nion)
orders (those entering) not to trust this
one (Tu/xh) and to consider that whatever
one receives from her (Tu/xh ) is not at
all stable nor steadfast nor to believe
her (Tu/xh ) as own’s own; subj. and obj.
of |tituti are likely the same as in 537
551 |oiuti o¢titoûoi: prevents (Tu/xh )
from taking and…; aor. inf. mid.
o¢-oipto and aor. act. inf. öiöoµi
552 tioût: subj. is 1u_q, pf. but pres. sense
553 |tituti ¬po,…oq¬¬q¬ou, yiyvtoûoi:
(to\ Daimo/nion) orders (those entering)
to become invincible against…; + acc.
555 öiöo, o¢tiq¬oi: (Tu/xh ) gives..takes
away; general temporal clause, pres. and
aor. subj. respectively öiöoµi, o¢oipto
557 ¬oiti: (Tu/xh ) does nothing…but all…
|oi o, t¬u_t: even when it attains it
558 titço: I said; aor. ityo
563 iöiov…tivoi: that (the silver) is their own
564 ¬t¬ovût voi: they have suffered; ¬oo_o
565 t¬i ¬ou ¬o …t¢ o: on this condition…on
which nothing keeps the one depositing
from bringing (the deposit) back
567 t_tiv..¬po,: to hold out also against…
42
Cebes’ Tablet
43
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
oiqûq,, -t,: true, 4
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
o -µt¬oþiq¬o,, -ov: unchangeable, 1
o¬-oiio¬¬o: to escape, 1
o¬-tp_oµoi: to go away, leave, 3
o¬-oiiuµi: to destroy, kill, ruin, 5
o -o¢oiq,, -t,: not liable to fall, safe, secure 6
ouûi,: back again, later, 2
o¢-oipto: to take away from, 6
o¢-i|vtoµoi: to come, arrive, 5
þtþoio,, -ov: firm, steadfast, sure, certain, 5
þouioµoi: to wish, be willing, desire, 5
youv: yt ouv, at least, at any rate, any way
yuvq, yuvoi|o,, q: a woman, wife, 19
öoiµoviov, ¬o: divine being, divinity, 6
öti : it is necessary, must, ought (+ inf.), 7
öq: indeed, surely, really, certainly, just, 5
öio-oo Ço: to bring or arrive safely through, 1
öiöoµi: to give, offer, grant, provide, 13
öooi,, -to,, q: a giving, a gift, 6
ti : if, whether 19
ti¬ov: said, spoke, aor. ityo, 5
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
t|oo¬o,, -q, -ov: each, every one, 3
t|ti: there, in that place, 4
tv-öio¬piþo: to spend time, 2
tv-ûtuûtv: thence, from there, 2
t¬io¬qµq, q: knowledge, 6
tp_oµoi: to go, come, 4
t¢-oöiov, ¬o : provisions (for travel), 1
to,: until, as long as, 3
q : or (either...or); than, 15
qöu-¬oûtio, q : good-feeling, luxury, 3
qµti,: we, 10
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|tituo: to bid, order, command, exhort, 11
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µqöt: and not, but not, nor, 4
µqö-ti,, µqö-tµio, µqö-tv: no one, nothing, 6
µovo,, -q, -ov: alone, only, solitary, 3
µuûo,, o : story, word, speech, 3
çtvo,, o : guest, foreigner, stranger, 5
oo¬i,, q¬i,, o ¬i: who-, which-, whatever, 1
¬op-o|ouo: to fail to heed, hear in vain, 2
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬ivoç, ¬ivo|o,, o: board, tablet, 2
¬io¬tuo: to trust, believe in, rely on, 3
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oio,, -o, -ov: what sort of? what kind of?, 14
¬poo-¬uvûovoµoi: to learn in addition, 1
¬poo-¬o¬¬o: to order, assign, appoint, 4
¬po¬tpo,, -o, -ov: before, earlier, 10
¬po-u¬op_o: to possess beforehand, 1
ouµ-¢tpo: to gather; be useful, expedient, 5
ouv-¬oµo,: shortly, quickly, 4
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬oiou¬o,, -ou¬q, -ou¬o: such, 5
uµti,: you, 10
¢tuyo: to flee, escape; defend in court, 1
¢ûovo,, o: envy, begruding, grudge, 2
¢poÇo: to point out, tell, indicate, 1
_povo,, o : time, 3
1tuöo¬oiötio, q: false-education, -culture, 10
o: O! oh!, 12


571 o¢titoûoi o ötöo|tv: (so as) to take
back again what (Tu/xh ) has given;
continuing the result clause from l. 569
ou µovov…oiio |oi: not only…but also
572 o …|tituti…ou¬q,…öooiv: to\
Daimo/nion orders them to receive from
her (the things) which she gives and
abruptly to leave heading toward a stable
and steadfast gift
576 qv iq¢ov¬oi: (the gift) which they will
receive; relative pronoun, fut. ioµþovo
qv: if; tov
öioooûooiv: they are brought safely; 3
rd

pl aor. pass. subjunctive in a future less
vivid condition
579 ¬ov ouµ¢tpov¬ov: of one’s advantages
|tituti: to\ Daimo/nion orders (them)
582 tiûooi: they come; aor. subj. tp_oµoi in
a general temporal clause
585 ¬ou¬oi,: these; dat. obj. of ¬io¬tutiv
587 tvöio¬pi¢oi: aor. inf. tvöio¬piþo
588 ioþtiv: to receive; aor. inf. ioµþovo
o ¬i ov: whatever…; subj. þouioµoi
589 o¬itvoi: inf. o¬-tp_oµoi
590 o …: (the things) which; missing
antecedent is the predicate of to¬iv
591 ¬op ou¬o : contrary to them i.e. orders
592 o¬oiiu¬oi: is ruined; pres. passive
595 ou öti, ¢ûovo,: no big deal; ‘resentment’
596 ¢pooo: fut. ¢poÇo
44
Cebes’ Tablet
45
o -öi|o,, -ov: unjust, 1
o -|po¬q,, -t,: weak, without strength, 1
o|piþq,, -t,: precise, accurate, perfect, 1
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
ovoy|q, q : necessity, force, constraint, 4
ovtu: without (+ gen.), 2
ovqp, ovöpo,, o : a man, 5
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
o¬o¬oo: to deceive, trick, 3
opo: then, therefore, it seems, it turns out, 5
o -¢pov, -ov: senseless, mindless, 2
o -_pqo¬o,, -ov: useless, without benefit, 2
þti¬iov, -ov: better, 7
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
ypoµµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: letter; pl. literature, 2
öio : through (+ gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öuvoµi,, -to,, q: power, strength, capacity, 8
ti : if, whether 19
t¬ti-öov: whenever, 2
tpµqvtu,, -to,, o : an interpreter, 1
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
tu -_pqo¬o,, -ov: useful, profitable, 1
q : or (either...or); than, 15
q|o: to come, 3
qµti,: we, 10
ivo: in order that (+ subj.); where (+ ind.), 1
|o|io, q : wickedness, vice, cowardice, 6
|o¬o : down from (gen.), down along (acc.), 2
|o¬-t_o: to hold fast, hold back; possess, 3
|oiuo: to hinder, check, prevent, 5
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µoûqµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: learning, instruction, 5
µoûqµo¬i|o,, o : scholar, learner, 2
µtûuoo,, -ov: drunken, 1
µtiio: to be about to, to intend to, 4
µtv¬oi: however, nevertheless; certainly, 2
vt o,, -o, -ov: young; new, novel, strange, 1
oµoio,: similarly, 2
oµo,: nevertheless, however, yet, 2
oiöo: to know, 7
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
¬tpo,, -o¬o,, ¬o: end; adv. at last
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬tpi-o¬o o: to draw (around), pull, 1
Hio¬ov, -ovo,, o: Plato, 1
¬o¬t: ever, at some time, once, 7
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬po-öo¬q,, -ou, o: traitor, betrayer, 1
¬po-t_o: to surpass, excel, hold forth, 4
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
ouµ-þoiio: to contribute, comprehend, 3
ouv-iqµi: to understand; put together, 10
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7
¢ii-opyupo,, -q, -ov: greedy, avarious, 1
¢ovq, q: dialect, sound, tone, voice, speech, 1
_oiivo,, o : bridle, bit (for a horse), 1
_pqoiµo, -ov: useful, 1
ooovti: as if, 1


600 ¬ou¬o o : these things which…; acc. in
response to the previous question
602 ypoµµo¬o: literature; “letters” in
response to questionin 601
|oi...µoûqµo ¬ov: and among the other
(types) of knowledge; partitive gen.
603 o : those which; parallel to ypoµµo¬o
604 ¬oi, vtoi,: for the young; dat. interest
ivo..¬tpo¬ov¬oi: so that they may not
be drawn; purpose clause, pres. subj.
605 ovoy|q: (is it) necessary; supply verb
606 qçtiv: to come; fut. governed by µtiiti
607 ovoy|q: (there is)…necessity; add verb
608 ¬po,…ytvtoûoi: for becoming better;
¬po, + acc. expressing a goal, here an
aor. articular inf.; þti¬io(v)t, is a
predicate acc.
609 ouµþo iit¬oi: contributes; ¬ou¬o is subj.
610 ouötv…_pqoiµo: not at all useful; acc. of
extent of degree modifying _pqoiµo
611 ¬po,…ytvtoûoi ovöpo,: see l. 608
612 to¬i yop |oi ovtu ¬ou¬ov: for it is
possible even without these…
613 |ovtivo: even those things; |oi t|tivo
613 o,…ouµþo iioµtv ¬o ityo µtvo : when
we comprehend (words) being said
615 qv: it was; impf. tiµi
qµo,..ou¬ou,: acc. subject
616 tiötvoi: know the language; inf. oiöo
o|piþto¬tpov: comparative adverb
ov ouvq|oµtv: we would understand; aor.
ouviqµi + ov expresses past potential
619 ¬pot_ouoiv: surpass; see line 608
620 ¬ov ovûpo¬ov: than...; gen. comparison
623 q¬o¬qµtvoi: deceived; pf. pass. o¬o¬oo
627 ¬o ¬t po,: in the end; adverbial acc.
46
Cebes’ Tablet
47
oi¬iov, ¬o : cause, reason, 1
o -|ivq¬o,, -ov: unmoved, 2
o -|pooio, q : lack of control, intemperance, 10
o -iqûivo,, -q, -ov: true, real, 15
oµtiti: of course, by all means, doubtless, 2
ovoy|q, q : necessity, force, constraint, 4
ovqp, ovöpo ,, o: a man, 5
o¬o¬oo: to deceive, trick, 3
o¬o : from, away from. (+ gen.), 5
opo: then, therefore, it seems, it turns out, 5
þti¬iov, -ov: better, 7
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
ötu¬tpo,, -o, -ov: second, 2
öio : through (+ gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öio-|tiµoi: to be disposed, 2
öio-¬piþo: to pass time, consume, spend, 5
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
öuo-µoûq,, -t,: slow at learning, 1
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
tyyiÇo: to approach, 1
ti : if, whether 19
tiöov: saw, beheld; aor. of opoo, 6
ti¬o: then, next, and so, therefore, 17
tio-¬optuoµoi: travel in, journey, march in, 11
t|, tç: out of, from (+ gen.), 15
tvt|o: for the sake of, because of, for (gen.), 5
t¬io¬oµoi: to know, know how, understand, 6
t¬tpo,, -o, -ov: one of two, other, different 17
t¬i: still, besides, further, 8
to,: until, as long as, 3
q : or (either...or); than, 15
|o|io, q : wickedness, vice, cowardice, 6
ioyo,, o : word, speech, account, discourse, 5
µoûqµo, -o¬o,, ¬o: learning, instruction, 5
µoûqµo¬i|o,, o : scholar, learner, 2
µt¬o-µtitio, q : change of purpose, 1
µqö-ti,, µqö-tµio, µqö-tv: no one, nothing, 6
çtvo,, o : guest, foreigner, stranger, 5
oiöo: to know, 7
oµoio,: similarly, 2
opµoo: to set in motion; set out, begin, 2
o¬t: when, at some time, 1
ouöoµo,: in no way, not at all, 3
¬opo-yiyvoµoi: to be present; to arrive, 10
¬op-oiio¬¬o: to pass by, change, 1
¬tiûo: persuade, win over, trust; mid. obey, 3
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬o¬t: ever, at some time, once, 7
¬po-t_o: to surpass, excel, hold forth, 4
¬poo-¬oito: to lay claim (falsely), pretend, 2
¬po¬o,, -q, -ov: first, earliest, 16
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
ouv-tiµi: to be together, associate, 1
oo Ço: to save, rescue, 11
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬oiou¬o,, -ou¬q, -ou¬o: such, 5
¬pi¬o,, -q, -ov: the third, 1
uµti,: you, 10
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7
1tuöo¬oiötio, q: false-education, -culture, 10
o: O! oh!, 12
o¢tito: be beneficial, helpful, 1
oo¬t: so that, that, so as to, 3


629 oµtiti: by all means, of course; this adv.,
is originally the imperative of oµtito:
“don’t trouble yourself”
to¬iv: it is possible
iötiv: aor. inf. opoo
630 ¬pot_ouoiv: excel, surpass
ti,…ytvtoûoi: to becoming; aor. articular
inf. expressing a purpose or goal
þti¬iou,: better; þti¬io(v)t,, predicate
631 µoûqµo¬ov: types or kinds of knowledge
634 ¬o oi¬iov, o¬i: the reason that
637 ¬i : why; ¬ou¬o is nom. subj.
638 to¬iv iötiv: it is possible to see; see 629
642 opo q …öuoµoûto¬tpoi tioi: as it seems,
they are either more inflexible or slower
at learning (than others); the conclusion
is a sarcastic demonstration of the way
that the µoûqµo¬i|oi surpass others
645 oi µtv…oi ö : some…others
646 oiöooiv: know; 3
rd
pl. oiöo
647 ti µqötv oiio: if (they pretend to know)
nothing else; supply verb
648 to, ö ov t_ooi: as long as they have;
general temporal clause with pres. subj.s
650 ¬po, ¬o opµov: for setting out; articular
inf. a-contract verb
653 ouötv: in no way; acc. of respect
t|tivov: than those; gen. comparison
654 ouvq: associate; 3
rd
sg. subj. ouv-tiµi
656 ov ooûtitv: would be saved; potential opt
48
Cebes’ Tablet
49
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
o -öuvo¬o,, -ov: unable, impossible, 1
oti : always, forever, in every case, 1
oipt¬o,, -q, -ov: choiceworthy, desirable, 2
o|ouo: to hear, listen to, 6
oµo: at once, at the same time; along with, 5
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
o¬o-|pivoµoi: to reply, respond, 1
o -¬iûovo,: incredibly, unbelievably, 1
o -¬io¬o,, -ov: untrustworthy; unbelievable, 1
opo: then, therefore, it seems, it turns out, 5
þioþtpo,, -o, -ov: harmful, 2
öti : it is necessary, must, ought (+ inf.), 7
öio-iti¬o: to leave (an interval), wait, 1
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
tyo-yt: I, I for my part, 3
ti : if, whether 19
ti¬tp: if really, if that is to say, 3
t|ti -ot: thither, to that place, 1
tvov¬io,, -o, -ov: opposite, contrary, 2
tv-öio¬piþo: to spend time with, 2
tç-qytoµoi: to explain, lead out, 3
tçi,, q: a habit, 2
t¬i-o|o¬t o: to watch over, 1
tpo¬oo: to ask, inquire, question, 1
tu -öo|to: to be of good repute, be famous, 1
q : or (either...or); than, 15
qytoµoi: to lead; consider, think, believe, 3
qµti,: we, 10
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
ioµþovo: to take, receive, catch, grasp, 15
µt_pi(,): up to; until, as long as (+ gen.), 4
vi|o o: to conquer, defeat, win, 5
vuv: now; as it is, 4
oio,, -o, -ov: of what sort, as, 4
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
o¢tio,, -q, -ov: benefit, use, 1
¬oiiv: again, once more; back, backwards, 13
¬ovu: quite, entirely, exceedingly, 7
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬opo -öoço,, -ov: unexpected, incredible, 1
¬op-tpyo,, -ov: secondary, subordinate, 1
¬tipoo: to try, attempt, endeavor, 1
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬iou¬to: to be rich, wealthy, 3
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬poyµo, ¬o: deed, act; matter, affair, trouble1
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
¬t|vov, ¬o: child, offspring, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬u_q, q: chance, luck, fortune, success, 9
uyioivo: to be healthy, sound, 3
uµti,: you, 10
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7
¢tu|¬o,, -q, -ov: avoidable, to be avoided, 1
o¢tiiµo,, -ov: beneficial, helpful, 1


658 tvöio¬piþt¬t: continue in the things said;
“spend time in the things said”
659 ioþq¬t: you take up; i.e. adopt, 2
nd
pl.
aor. subjunctive, general temporal clause
660 ¬o öt oiio ¬optpyo qyqoooûoi: to
consider other things (to be) secondary
general temporal clause with pres. subj.s
662 to¬oi: 3
rd
sg. fut. tiµi
663 ¬oiqooµtv: 1
st
pl. fut. ¬oito
¬ou¬o…¬o,: this…(namely) how
tçqyqooi: aor. imperative tçqytoµoi
665 oiov: for example; “in respect to such,”
acc. of respect
667 ¬opo¬iqoio: (are) similar; supply verb
general temporal clause with pres. subj.s
669 ¬o ityo µtvov: what was said; “the thing
being said”
670 Ayt: come (now); sg. imperative that
introduces an imperative
¬tipo: attempt to; ¬tipo(o)o, pres. mid.
imperative ¬tipoo
¬o ¢oivo µtvov: how things appear; “the
thing appearing,” ¢oivoµoi
673 Çq: 3
rd
sg. pres. Çoo
674 t|tivo : for that one; dat. of interest
675 ¬o Çqv: (is) living; articular inf. is subject,
supply a linking verb
677 ¬ou¬o : to this one; dat. interest
to¬i: (living) is; supply ¬o Çqv as above
678 ¬oi,…Çooi: to those living; dat pple Çoo
679 ¬oi, öt |oio,: supply Çooi, see 678
oyoûov: parallel with |o|ov above
683 µq...it yt: negative imperative
oöuvo¬ov: (it is) impossible; supply verb
684 ¬o ou¬o: the same…
686 ov tiq: it would be; potential opt. tiµi
50
Cebes’ Tablet
51
oipt¬o,, -q, -ov: choiceworthy, desirable, 2
oiqûq,, -t,: true, 4
oµtiti: of course, by all means, doubtless, 2
oµ¢o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: each of two, both, 1
ovöptio,: courageously, bravely, 1
o -¬i ûovo ,, -ov: unpersuasive, not plausible, 1
o¬o-ûvq o|o: to die off, perish, 6
o -ppoo¬to: to be weak, not strong, 1
þouioµoi: to wish, be willing, desire, 5
tyo-yt: I, I for my part, 3
ti : if, whether 19
ti¬tp: if really, if that is to say, 3
tvov¬io,, -o, -ov: opposite, contrary, 2
t¬ti: when, after, since, because, 3
q : or (either...or); than, 15
ûtopt o: to see, watch, look at, 5
|oio: to burn, 1
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
ioyo,, o : word, speech, account, discourse, 5
voot o: to be sick, ill, 1
vootpo ,, -o, -ov: diseased, sickness-causing, 1
oo¬tp, q¬tp, o¬tp: the very one who, which 1
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
ou -¬t: and not, neither...nor, 14
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬tpi-o¬ooi,, -to,, q: situation, 1
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬o¬tpo,, -o, -ov: which (of two), whether? 11
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
ou: you, 5
ouµ-þoivo: to happen, occur, 2
ouµ-¢tpo: to gather; be useful, expedient, 5
¬tµvo: to cut, hew, ravage, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
¬oiou¬o,, -ou¬q, -ou¬o: such, 5
uyioivo: to be healthy, sound, 3
uyitivo,, q, ov: healing; healthy, 1
u¬-op_o: to belong, be or be available, 10
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7


686 o¬iûovov: (it is) unpersuasive
686 oiio ¬o,…to¬iv: how, if living badly,
to whomever it belongs, is something bad
to him is living itself not bad?
¬o |o|o, Çqv: living badily; articular inf.
687 o ov u¬op_q : to whomever it belongs
u ¬op_ti: is; subj. is ¬o |o|o, Çqv
690 ¬o ou¬o: the same; governs the dat. sg.
articular infinitive
692 oµtiti: of course;. cf. l. 629
¬o ou¬o: the same
693 ¬o öt Çqv: living (is)
694 qv…ov…u¬qp_tv: were…would be;
impf. + ov + impf. is a present contrary-
to-fact condition
Çooi: to those living; dat. pl.
700 ov tiq: would be; potential opt. tiµi
701 ¬o ¬t µvtiv |oi |oi tiv: to amputate and
cauterize; “to cut and burn,” the articular
infinitives describe the treatment of
injuries and illnesses
oppo¬ouoiv: among those being weak;
dat. pl. pres. pple
703 ou|ouv: according, then; inferential
t¬i ¬ouv Çqv: in the case of living
ou¬o ¬o Çqv: living itself; intensive
705 to¬i ¬ou¬o: these things are (so)
706 ûto pqoov: aor. imperative ûtopto
ov þouioio: would you want; þouioi(o)o
2
nd
sg. pres. potentail opt.
709 ou|ouv: according, then; inferential
710 oipt¬o¬tpov: comparative oipt¬o,
¬ou Çqv: than dying; gen. comparison
711 to¬i ¬ou¬o: these things are (so)
712 o ou¬o, ioyo,: the same argument
713 ouµ¢t pti: is advantageous
714 ¬ouvov¬iov: the opposite; ¬o tvov¬iov
q : is; 3
rd
sg. pres. subj. tiµi in a general
temporal clause
715 oiqûq : the truth; oiqûto, “true things”



52
Cebes’ Tablet
53
oyo: to lead, to bring, to carry, to convey, 13
oûiio,: miserably, wretchedly, 2
oiqûq,, -t,: true, 4
ovûpo¬o,, o : human being, 10
opo: then, therefore, it seems, it turns out, 5
o -¬iµoÇo: to dishonor, esteem lightly, slight 1
þti¬iov, -ov: better, 7
þioo: to live, 3
þio¬¬o: to hurt, harm, injure, 1
þoqûto: to come to aid, to assist, aid, 2
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
öq: indeed, surely, really, certainly, just, 5
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
tov: ti ov, if (+ subj.), 10
ti : if, whether 19
ti -yt: if indeed, 1
tiöov: saw, beheld; aor. of opoo, 6
ti|o,, -o¬o,, ¬o : likely, probable, reasonable2
ti¬tp: if really, if that is to say, 3
t|, tç: out of, from (+ gen.), 15
tµ-¬tipo,: skilfully, 1
tvioi, -oi, -o: some, 1
t¬io¬oµoi: to know, know how, understand, 6
tu: well, 1
tu -öoiµovto: to be happy, fortunate, 1
q : or (either...or); than, 15
ûtopt o: to see, watch, look at, 5
|o|o,: poorly, badly, 17
|oio,: well, nobly, 14
|pivo: to judge, scrutinize, 2
ioyo,, o : word, speech, account, discourse, 5
µovo,, -q, -ov: alone, only, solitary, 3
vq : by + acc. (used in swearing), 7
oioµoi: to suppose, think, imagine, 3
ouöoµo,: in no way, not at all, 3
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
ou|ouv: therefore, then, accordingly, 13
¬tpi: around, about, concerning, 13
¬iou¬to: to be rich, wealthy, 3
¬iou¬o,, o: wealth, riches, 11
¬oito: to do, make, create, compose, 16
¬oiio|i,: many times, often, frequently, 8
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po¬¬o: to do, accomplish, make, act, 4
¬o,: how? in what way? 15
o|t ¬¬oµoi: to examine, consider, 1
o¬ouöoio,, -q, -ov: earnest, serious, 2
ouµ-¢tpo: to gather; be useful, expedient, 5
ou voio,, -q, -ov: all together, whole, 1
¬opo¬¬o: to trouble, upset, 2
¬iµoo: to honour, value, esteem, 2
u¬-op_o: to be there, ready or available, 10
u¬o-µtvo: to abide, hold up, endure, 2
¢oivoµoi: appear, seem, become visible, 7
¢ouio,, -q, -ov: slight, trivial, insignificant, 1
_pooµoi: to use (+ dat.), 2


716 oyt öq: come now; imperative oyo
introducing an imperative
o|t¢o µtûo: let us consider; hortatory
subj.
717 tiyt: if indeed
to¬iv: it is possible
718 o,…to¬iv: as…it is possible
u¬op_ov¬o ¬ivi ¬iou¬ov…|oi oûiio,:
wealth belonging to someone, but this
one living badly and miserably
720 vq Li o: by Zeus; acc. sg. Ztu,
721 ou|ouv: Then…not?; inferential, begins
question seeking a “yes” response
ouötv: not at all; inner acc.
721 ¬ou¬oi,…þoqûti: helps these
ti, ¬o Çqv: for living; purpose
723 tioiv: 3
rd
pl. pres. tiµi
724 ou|ouv: according, then; inferential
¬o o¬ouöoi ou, ti voi: being serious;
articular inf. tiµi, object of ¬oiti
¬oiti: does create
726 ti|o, yt: yes, (it is) reasonable
727 ¬oi, t_ouoiv: those having; dat. pple
object of þoqûti
728 ti,: for…; expressing purpose
þti¬iou,: þti¬io(v)t,, pred. noun
730 ouµ¢t pti…tvioi,: is advantageous for
some; dat. of interest
733 ¬o,: in what way
¬ou¬o…o : this...which
o v…|pivtitv: one would judge that;
potential opt.
734 ouµ¢tpti u¬op_tiv: it is advantageous to
be
736 ou|ouv: according, then; inferential
739 oiqûto¬o¬o : superlative adverb
740 ¬o ou voiov: on the whole; adverbial acc.
to¬i ¬o ¬iµov: it is possible to honor
741 o,…: on the grounds of being; causal
742 ¬opo¬¬ov: the thing troubling; neut. pple
54
Cebes’ Tablet
55
o -öi|to: to be unjust, do wrong, injure, 1
o -¢povto: to be foolish, senseless, 2
o -yvoto: to be ignorant of, 1
ovoy|q, q : necessity, force, constraint, 4
ovöpo-¢ovto: to murder, kill a man, 1
o¬o-o¬tpt o: to deprive from, rob, defraud, 2
o -yvoio, q: ignorance, 9
o -otþq ,, -t,: impious, 1
oµo: at once, at the same time; along with, 5
oio_po,, -o, -ov: shameful, disgraceful, 4
öio : through (gen.) on account of (acc.), 15
öi|oio-¬poyto: to do right, 1
öoço, q: opinion, reputation, honor, glory, 12
öuvoµoi: to be able, can, be capable, 4
t|, tç: out of, from (+ gen.), 15
tpyov, ¬o: work, labor, deed, act, 7
tvt|o: for the sake of, because of, for (gen.), 5
tiöov: saw, beheld; aor. of opoo, 6
ti : if, whether 19
ti|o,, -o¬o,, ¬o: likely, probably, reasonable2
¢povto: to think, to be wise, prudent, 2
yt: at least, at any rate; indeed, 10
i|ovo,: sufficiently, adequately, 1
|o|io, q : wickedness, vice, cowardice, 6
|oio,, -q, -ov: beautiful, fair, noble, fine, 11
|¬ooµoi: to procure, get, gain, acquire, 2
|oiuo: to hinder, check, prevent, 5
iqiÇo: to plunder, steal, 2
ioyo,, o : word, speech, account, discourse, 5
ioi¬o,, o : remaining, the rest, 6
µt¬o: with (+ gen.); after (+ acc.), 11
µqö-ti,, µqö-tµio, µqö-tv: no one, nothing, 6
µovo,, -q, -ov: alone, only, solitary, 3
µo_ûqpo,, -q, -ov: miserable, wretched, 1
vi|o o: to conquer, defeat, win, 5
ooo,, -q, -ov: as much or many as; all who, 10
oio,, -o, -ov: of what sort, as, 4
ouöt : and not, but not, nor, not even, 16
¬oo_o ¬o ou¢¢tp, t_¬tpitvçt,
¬opo-¬iqoio,, -ov: resembling, like (+dat), 5
¬op-oi¬toµoi: ask not to, decline, 1
¬iou¬o,, o: wealth, riches, 11
¬oiu,, ¬oiio, ¬oiu: much, many, 17
¬po-öiöoµi: to give up, betray, 2
ou|o-¢ov¬to: to slander, accuse falsely, 1
ouµ-þoivo: to happen, occur, 2
¬oi -vuv: well then; therefore, accordingly, 18
u¬-op_o: to be there, ready or available, 10
ooou¬o,: in the same manner, just so, 3
oo¬t: so that, that, so as to, 3


745 ootþto¬o¬o: superlative adjective
746 ¬opoi¬ouv¬oi: are declined
¬ou¬o: object of ¬oo_ouoi
748 ¬iou¬ov: wealth; acc. direct obj. of the
aor. pple |¬qooµtvou,
749 to¬i: it is possible
iötiv: inf. opoo
750 oiov: for example; “in respect to such,”
acc. of respect
ityo: I mean
753 to¬i ¬ou¬o: these things are (so)
755 ti|o,: (it is) reasonable
756 ovoy|q: (it is) necessary
¬ov ¬iou¬ov: wealth; acc. subject of inf.
of tiµi, tivoi
758 ¢povtiv…öi|oio¬poytiv: understanding
and right-doing; articular inf. are acc.
objects of aor. mid. inf. |¬qoooûoi
761 u¬op_tiv: to possess (them)
oµo ¬o ou¬o: at the same times
762 ooo: as many as (are)
763 ouötv: nothing; subject of |oiuti
u¬op_tiv ¬ivi: (for) anyone to possess
(them)
764 ov tiq: would be; potential opt. tiµi
765 ¬o ¢povtiv µovov oyoûov: understanding
(is) only good, and lack of understanding
is (only) bad


56
58

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