Colon Cancer and Rectal Cancer FAQ

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What is colon cancer and rectal cancer? Cancer is a group of diseases in which there is abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in the body.

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Colon Cancer and Rectal Cancer FAQ
What is colon cancer and rectal cancer? Cancer is a group of diseases in which there is abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells in the body. If left untreated, malignant (or cancerous) cells can spread to other parts of the body. "Colorectal" refers to the colon and rectum, which together make up the large intestine. Colorectal cancer can begin anywhere in the large intestine. The majority of colorectal cancers begin as polyps—abnormal growths—inside the colon or rectum that may become cancers over a long period of time. Colon Cancer and Rectal Cancer

How does colorectal cancer affect the U.S. population?
Of cancers that affect both men and women, colorectal cancer is the second leading cancer killer in the U.S. In 2009, 136,717 adults were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, and 51,848 adults died of the disease in the United States. †

What causes colorectal cancer, and who is at risk of developing it?
The exact cause of most colorectal cancers is not yet known. About 75% of colorectal cancers occur in people with no known risk factors. Some conditions that may increase a person's risk of developing colorectal cancer include having—
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A personal or family history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease). A genetic syndrome such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome). (Just 5% of colorectal cancers are linked to these genetic syndromes.)

What are the symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer don't always cause symptoms, especially at first. Someone could have polyps or colorectal cancer and not know it. That is why getting screened regularly for colorectal cancer is so important. If there are symptoms, they may include—
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Blood in or on your stool (bowel movement). Stomach pain, aches, or cramps that don't go away. Losing weight and you don't know why.

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