Diseases

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As a person ages, the immune system weakens, organs
begin to deteriorate and the body becomes susceptible
to a variety of diseases.
 COMMON DISEASES:
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
DIABETES
OSTEOPOROSIS
ARTHRITIS
HEART ATTACK
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
PNEUMONIA
CANCER
HEART DISEASE
STROKE


Description: Brain damage and the death
of brain cells that affect brain function
and cognitive ability.
 Symptoms: Begins with minor memory
loss and confusion and progresses to
more severe cognitive and physical
impairment.
 Treatment: No cure, but it can be treated
with a combination of drugs and
other therapies.


Description: With Diabetes Mellitus, or sugar
diabetes, the body cannot properly use sugars
and starches either because of a lack of insulin
(Type 1) or the body’s inability to use insulin
properly (Type 2). Type 1 generally manifests
itself early in life, in people under 25; Type 2
generally affects people over 40.
 Symptoms: Frequency of urination and
persistent thirst. Type 1 diabetes may also be
accompanied by increased appetite and
general weakness.
 Treatment: Type I: daily insulin shots. Type II: diet,
oral ant diabetic drugs or insulin.


Description: Calcium salts are depleted and
bone fabric deteriorates.
 Symptoms: Sometimes asymptomatic, but
symptoms may include loss of height,
backache, bones fracturing more easily and
severe pain.
 Treatment: Calcium supplements, vitamin D,
hormones can help prevent and slow the
disease.


Description: Refers to a variety of
inflammatory joint disorder including
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
 Symptoms: Pain, swelling of the joints
and difficulty moving.
 Treatment: Pain relievers, antiinflammatory drugs, physiotherapy and
surgery.


Description: Occurs when a part of heart
muscle loses its blood supply, generally
as a result of coronary arteriosclerosis.
 Symptoms: pressure, squeezing or pain in
the chest; pain spreading to shoulders,
neck or arms; lightheadedness,
fainting, nausea, sweating or shortness
of breath.
 Treatment: prompt medical attention.


Description: A disorder of the nervous
system.
 Symptoms: Tremors, slow movements,
speech impairment, dementia and
difficulty walking.
 Treatment: Drugs can help control
symptoms.


Description: An inflammation of the lungs
caused by a bacterial, viral or fungal infection.
 Symptoms: Bacterial: cold symptoms, shivers,
bloody sputum, high fever, chest pain, vomiting
and diarrhea.
Viral or fungal: cough, bloody sputum,
headache, muscle aches and blue-tinged lips.
 Treatment: Antibiotics for bacterial and fungal.
Also breathing exercises, steam inhalations,
oxygen therapy and painkillers.


Description: Mutated body cells multiply out of control,
destroying healthy organs and tissue. It can strike any
part of the body, and without treatment most cancer is
fatal. Commonly affects the bladder, bones, brain,
breasts, cervix, colon, blood (Leukemia), lungs, prostate
gland, skin, stomach, testicles or uterus.
 Symptoms: Typically, no symptoms in the early stages.
Warning signals may include changes in bowel or
bladder habits, sores not healing, unusual bleeding or
discharge, lump in the breast or elsewhere, persistent
indigestion, problems swallowing, changes in warts or
moles or nagging cough.
 Treatment: Surgery, radiation therapy or radiotherapy or
chemotherapy.



Description: Refers to a variety of disorders,
including pericarditis (inflammation of the
pericardium), myocarditis (inflammation of the
heart muscle),cardiomyopathy (degeneration
of the heart muscle), artherosclerosis (fatty
deposit build-up in the arteries), and
hypertension (high blood pressure).
 Symptoms: The symptoms of heart disease
are very different between women and men.
 Treatment: Drugs, surgery and diet.


Description: A blood vessel leading to the brain
gets clogged or bursts, thus denying part of
the brain blood flow and oxygen and eventually
killing the cells in that part of the
brain.
 Symptoms: Numbness, weakness, confusion,
cognitive or speech impairment, severe
headache, dizziness and vision problems.
 Treatment: Rehabilitation is possible, but the
effectiveness of this treatment depends on
the severity of the stroke.


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