Environmental Studies

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ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES ANSWERS, Calicut University 1. The phenomenon of occurrence of additional species found in the ecotone or transitional zone between adjoining ecosystems is known as -----------------a) Edge effect b) Root effect c) Raman effect 2. The complex network of interconnected food chains is called --------------------a) Trophic level b) Food web c) Ecological pyramid 3. Each organism in an ecosystem is at a specifc feeding stage called as the ---a) Climax level b) Producer level c) Trophic level 4. The area to which a species is biologically adapted to live is known as-------------a) Niche b) Habitat c) Succession 5. Official date of Earth Day is on --------------------------------------------a) April 22 b) March 21 c) May 22 6. All forms of water that comes down on Earth, including rain, show, hail etc. is known as-----------------a) Calcification b) Fixation c) Precipitation 7. The forests in the Arctic are called -------------------------a) Savanna b) Tundra c) Prairies 8. The ocean cover ----------------------- percentage of Earth’s surface. a) 51 % b) 61 % c) 71 % 9. The salt-tolerant trees growing in shallow marine sediment or estuaries known

as--------a) Mangroves b) Xerophytes c) Epiphytes 10. The largest brackish water lake situated in Asia is in Orissa. Which is the lake ? a) Chilka lake b) Vembanad lake c) Woolar lake 11. Ramsar Convention refers to the conservation of ---------------------------a) Deserts b) Wetlands c) Agriculture lands 12. The World Wetlands Day is celebrated on ----------------------a) February 02 b) February 28 c) June 05

13. National Maritime Day of India is celebrated on ----------------------a) October 16 b) April 05 c) March 21 14. The animal which consumes decaying organic matter is ---------------------------a) Carnivore b) Detrivore c) Herbivore 15. Ganga Action Plan in India was launched in the year ------------------a) 1988 b) 1985 c) 1980 16. What is the name of the action plan for sustainable development in the twenty first century framed in the Rio Declaration on Environment & Development (1992) ? a) Action 21 b) Agenda 21 c) Rio 21 17. A set of organisms that resemble one another in appearance and behaviour is called a -----------------------------

a) Exons b) Prions c) Species 18. The area where all the living organisms interact with each other and their environment is ---------------a) biosphere b) exosphere c) mesosphere 19. An ecosystem gradually merges with an adjoining one through a transitional zone called the -------------------a) ecological niche b) ecological footprint c) ecotone 20. Green revolution is associated with --------------a) sericulture b) agriculture c) fish culture 21. The first protected area in India is -------------------------a) Silent valley b) Corbett National Park c) Bandipur sanctuary 22. The Indian Parliament passed the Biodiversity Bill in the year a) 2000 b) 2005 c) 2002 23. World Water Day is celebrated on ---------------------a) May 22 b) June 05 c) March 22 24. The components of LPG are ---------------------------a) Methane & Hexane b) Propane & Butane c) Ethane & Methane 25. Which chemical was responsible for Bhopal gas tragedy? a) Methyl Iso Cyanate b) Benzene Hexa Chloride c) Tri Nitro Toluene 26. Major consumer of wood from forest is ----------------------------a) Thermal Power Plantb) Paper Industryc) Chemistry Industry 27. Green Revolution in India was initiated by -------------------------a) M.S.Swaminathan b) Sunderlal Bahugana c) Kurien 28. The Unit of measurement of intensity of sound is in ---------------------

a) decibels b) lux c) parsec 29. A combination of smoke, fog and chemical pollutants seen in industrialized cities is known as -----------------a) Sol b) Smog c) Fallout 30. Enrichment of water body by nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen is called a) Succession b) Eutrophicationc) Stratification 31. The violent tropical storms in the Indian Ocean are known as -----------------a) Typhoon b) Cyclones c) Hurricane 32. The worst nuclear accident happened to date is occurred at ------------------------a) Chernobyl in 1986 b) Three Mile Power Plant in 1979 c) Sellafield in 1957 33. Major cause of Ozone depletion is due to which chemical ? a) Chlorofluorocarbons b) Polyphenols c) Dioxins 34. The legally binding international agreement to reduce Greenhouse gases by 5 % 2012 is ---------------a) Vienna convention b) Montreal Protocol c) Kyoto Protocol 35. The portion of the earth and its environment which can support life is known as a) Crust b) Biosphere c) Exosphere 36. Public awareness of environment creates ----------------------

a) Environment protection b) Environment degradation c) Environmental improvement c) Environmental cultivation 37. Salim Ali centre for ornithology and history is located at ---------------------a) Pune b) Hyderabad c) Kerala d) Coimbatore 38. Wild life protection act was formulated during the period of -----------------a) Mrs. Indira Gandhi b) Lal Bahadur Shasthri c) Rajiv Gandhi c) Morarji Desai 39. What is troposphere? a) Portion of air b) Portion of water c) Lowest layer of atmosphere where we survive d) Portion of sky 40. How is the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere connected ? a) Hydrological cycle b) Nitrogen cycle c) Oxygen cycle d) Carbon cycle 41. The main energy source for the environment is ---------------a) Solar energy b) Chemical energy c) Bioelectric energy c) Electrical energy 42. What is the meaning of the word “endemic” a) Rare and occur only in a few location b) Rare and occur everywhere c) Abundant and seen everywhere d) Abundant and only in few locations 43. Which gas is likely to be reduced in the atmosphere by deforestation? a) Carbon dioxide b) Nitrogenc) Oxygen 44. What are rodenticides ?

a) that kill fishes b) that kill insects c) that kill rats d) that kill crocos 45. Which of the following enhances soil fertility ? a) Crop rotation b) Improved methods of agriculture c) Using new seed verities d) Irrigation 46. Salinization is ------------------------a) Accumulation of salts in water b) Accumulation of salts in food c) Accumulation of salts in body animals d) Accumulation of salts in animals 47. What is oil slick ? a) Boiled oil b) Cooled oil c) Thin film of oil in sea water d) Oil in deep sea 48. Cigarette smoking exposes one to --------------a) Sulphur dioxide b) Carbon dioxide c) Nitrogen peroxide d) Carbon monoxide 49. “Ozone Hole” is a -----------------------a) Hole in the atmosphere b) Destruction of ozone layer c) Hole in hydrosphere 50. Euro II standard refers to --------------------a) Lowering sulfur content in fuel b) Increasing sulfur content in fuel c) Lowering carbon content in fuel 51. Noise is --------------------a) Huge sound b) Sound of vehicles c) Undesirable and unwanted sound d) Sound of crackers 52. What is ‘temporary threshold shift’ ?

a) Hearing loss due to excessive noise b) Noise that is untolerable c) Tolerable noise 53. Acid is an example of -------------------------a) Corrosive waste b) Infectious waste c) Radioactive waste d) Ignitable waste 54. Vermi composting is a natural method of a) Producing compost manure b) Producing worms c) Managing waste it creates d) Destroying worms 55. The intensity of earthquake is measured in -------------------a) Beaufort scale b) Richter scale c) Mohs scale 56. Which of the below is most responsible for world water crisis ? a) Dams b) Floods c) Drought d) Population growth 57. Phagotropic mode of nutrition is found in --------------------a) Productsb) consumers c) decomposers d) all of these 58. Energy is returned to the atmosphere in the form of a) potential energy b) metabolic energy c) heat d) vapours 59. The conversion of ammonia to nitrate is known as ------------------------a) ammonification b) nitrification c) denitrification d) all of these 60. The study of individual organism is known as a) syn ecology b) population ecology c) autecology d) human ecology 61. The resources that can be replaced by natural ecological cycle is called a) renewable b) non-renewable

c) exhaustible d) natural 62. Natural earthquakes are caused by -------------a) earth’s crust b) deep seas c) peak mountains d) forests 63. Any unfavorable alteration of the environment may be called as a) eutrophication b) environment pollution c) biomagnigication c) bioaccumulation 64. The presence of solid, liquid or gaseous compounds, which may not be normally present, or in excess concentration in the atmosphere is called a) air pollution b) water pollution c) soil pollution d) radioactive pollution 65. The place where the river meets the sea is called a) estuaries b) oceans c) lake d) wetlands 66. The historical monument that is affected by acid rain is a) Taj Mahal b) Pyramid of Egypt c) Pisa Tower d) Golden Temple 67. The expansion on POLI is a) physical quality of life index b) population quotient of life in India c) poor quality of life in India d) poverty, quality of life in India 68. The presence of which is necessary for photosynthesis a) Chloroform b) Chlorophyll c) Phosphorus d) Polymer

69. The Primary Consumers are also called as 6 a) Herbivores b) Carnivores c) Enzymes d) None of these 70. Forest is an example of a) Marine ecosystem b) Limnic ecosystem c) Artificial Ecosystem d) Terrestial Ecosystem 71. The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth is called a) Solar flux b) reflected light c) minerals c) solvents 72. Snake is an example of a) Primary Carnivores b) Secondary Carnivores c) Herbivores d) None of these 73. The forests which occur in law rain fall area is a) Evergreen forests ` b) deciduous forests c) Coniferous forests d) all the above 74. All the genes of a population is called a) gene poll b) gene c) ecosystem d) population 75. The destruction of habitat of plants and animals is called a) endemism b) endangered species c) habitant loss d) flood 76. Zoos are examples for a) insitu conservation b) in vivo conservation c) exsitu conservation d) exvivo conservation 77. Acid rain contains

a) Sulphuric acid b) Hydrochloric acid c) Oxalic acid d) Acetic acid 78. Organ affected by pneumonia a) Liver b) Kidney c) Heart d) Lungs 79. Which year was declared as the ‘Water Year’ by Indian government a) 2010 b) 2004 c) 2007 d) 2000 80. In which Indian state is Corbet National park located a) Madya Pradesh b) Uttarakhand c) Kerala d) Tamilnadu 81. Who wrote the book ‘Violence of Green Revolution’ a) Vandana Siva b) Sheela Dikshit c) Menaka Gandhi d) Arundhathi Roy 82. The first national park of Kerala a) Aralam b) Kottayam c) Idukki d) Iravikulam 83. In which year was ‘Project Tiger’ launched? a) 1973 b) 1964 c) 1998 d) 1970 84. The biggest award for environmental activities in India is given in the name of an individual. In whose name is it constituted? a) Lal Bahadur Shasthri b) Morarji Desai c) Indira Gandhi d) Kamaraj

85. On which date was the Stockholm Conference on Human Environment held ? a) July 6th 1974 b) Aug 8th 1976 c) June 5th 1972 d) Dec 12th 1990 86. Where was the Stockholm conference on Human Environment held ? a) Sweden b) Austria c) India d) Greece 87. World Earth Day is observed on a) May 24 b) July 5 c) Aug 2 d) April 22 88. The controversial dam across the river Narmada ? a) Sardar Sarovar b) Hirakud c) Bhakranangal d) Sutlej 89. Leader of ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ a) Vandana Siva b) Medha Patkar b) Menaka Gandhi d) Mayilamma 90. Most abundant noble gas of the atmosphere is 8 a) Neon b) Xenon c) Argon d) Krypton 91. The most harmful of ultraviolet radiations are a) UV-C b) UV-B b) UV-A d) All the above 92. The soil with poorest water holding capacity is a) Clay b) Loam

c) Sandy d) None of the above 93. Formation of soil takes place by a) Weathering b) Pedogenesis c) Melting d) Both A and B 94. Favorable morphological and physiological response to a change in environment is called a) Preadaptation b) Ecotyping c) Formation of ecophenes d) Accilimatisation 95. Plants adapted to open, sunny habitats are a) Sciophytes b) Heliophytes c) Mesophytes d) Epiphytes 96. Plants growing under shade are a) Epipytes b) Semi-epiphytes c) Mesophytes d) Sciophytes 97. Study of inter-relationship between organisms and their environment is a) Ecology b) Ecosystem c) Phytogeography d) Ethology 98. Who among is a famous plant ecologist of India ? a) Charles Darwin b) Ramdeva Misra c) Birbal Sahani d) Jagdish Chandra Bose 99. Grassland of USA is referred to as a) Praires b) Steppes c) Pampas d) Veldts 100. Deserts occur in area of a) Adverse human disturbance b) Underground saline water

c) Little underground water d) Rain shadow

101. Crystalline salts are natural resource of biogenetic element a) Calcium b) Phosphorus c) Magnesium d) Sulphur 102. Temperate forests occur in India in a) Indo-gangetic plains b) Himalayas c) Eastern India d) Southern peninsula 103. In India, tropical evergreen forests occur in a) Himachal Pradesh b) Madhya Pradesh c) Assam d) Tamil Nadu 104. Which one is nature’s cleaner ? a) Consumers b) Producers c) Decomposers and Scavengers d) Symbionts 105. Extensive planting trees to increase forest cover is called a) Afforestation b) Agroforestry c) Deforestation d) Social forestry 106. Soil erosion can be prevented by a) Deforestation b) Afforestation c) Overgrazing d) Removal of vegetation 107. A renewable source of energy is a) Petroleum b) Coal b) Nuclear fuel d) Trees 108. Mine spoil is a) Wastes from mines b) Wastes from mine processing

c) Land degraded by mining d) Both A and B 109. Estuaries are a) Fresh water wetlands b) Salt water wetlands c) Least productive ecosystems d) Both B and c 110 Chipko movement is connected with a) Conservation of natural resources b) Plant breeding c) Plant/Forest conservation d) Project Tiger 111 Earth summit of Rio de Janeiro (1992) resulted in a. Compilation of Red list b. Establishment of biosphere reserves c. Conservation of biodiversity d. IUCN 112 India is primary centre of domestication of a) Sheep b) Goat c) Water Buffalo c) Donkey 113 World wildlife week is observed during a) First week of October b) Last week of October c) Third week of October d) First week of September 114 India, coldest desert occurs in a) Mount Abu b) Gujarat c) Rann of Katch d) Ladakh and Spiti 115 Lions are found in a) Western Ghats b) Corbett National Park c) Forests of Madhya Pradesh d) Gir forests 116 National park associated with rhinoceros is a) Kaziranga b) Ranthambore

c) Corbett d) Valley of flowers 117 The relationship between nitrogen fixing bacteria and leguminous plants is an example for a) Parasitism b) Predation c) Mutualism d) Commensalism 118 Algal blooms are caused by a) Green algae b) Blue green algae c) Diatoms d) All algae 119 Name the disease caused by mercury poisoning in Japan a) Sulphur dioxide b) Carbon dioxide c) Methane d) Ozone (answer, Minamata Disease) 120 The place where the worst nuclear disaster took place ? a) Washington b) Chernobyl c) Bhopal d) Japan 121 What is meant by GM foods ? a) Growth modified foods b) Genetically modified food c) Growth marked foods d) Good mobility food 122 Expand GIS a) Geographical Information System b) Geographical Information Source c) Geological Information System 123 MoFE means a) Ministry of Forest and Energy b) Ministry of Forest and Environment c) Ministry of Fuel and Energy

124 Sedimentation is a a) Primary water treat b) Secondary water treat c) Territory water treat 125 Deer is a a) Producer b) Primary consumer c) Secondary consumer 126 Some species of plants and animals are extremely rare and may occur only at a few locations are called a) endemic b) endangered c) vulnerable 127 Forest grow in high rain fall areas are a) ever green forest b) tropical forest c) conifers 128 The species that flower are called a) gymnosperms b) bryophytes c) angiosperms 129 ………………….trees shed their leaves during winter and hot summer a) ever green b) coniferous c) deciduous 130 Thorn-forests are found in the ……………..regions a) semi-arid b) high rain fall areas c) low temperature 131 …………………….is a cold desert in India a) Thar b) Ladakh c) Ran of Kutch

132 The only known breeding colony of the greater and lesser Flamingos in our country is seen in…………………..desert a) The Great Rann b) The Thar c) Ladakh 133 …………………… is an example of ‘ bottom feeders’. a) Cat fish b) Frog c) Snail 134. The drug morphine is extracted from …………plant a) Cocoa b) Belladonna c) Opium Poppy 135. …………….species is known as Azardirachta Indica a) Neem b) Mango c) Jackfruit 136 ……………….tree is known as ‘ flame of the forest’? a) zizyphus b) Butea monosperma c) Jackfruit 137. Which tree is known as Coral tree? a) Quercus b) Dipterocarps c) Erythrina 138. Which plants die after flowering a) Lotus b) Bamboo c) Chrysanthemum 139. The one-horned Rhinoceros is now restricted to which state a) Maharashtra b) Gujarat c) Assam

140. Asiatic lion is found only in…………….. a) Gir forest b) Manas c) Kasiranga 141 ………………is a marine tortoise which shows the unique phenomenon ‘ arribada’ a) Olive Ridley b) Star tortoise c) Travancore tortoise 142. Largest reptile in the world a) Dragon b) Anaconda c) Crocodile 143 Snow leopard is found in which National Park ? a) Kaziranga b) The Great Himalayan c) Bharatpur 144 Point Calimere sanctuary is situated in which state? a) Tamilnadu b) Kerala c) Karnataka 145. The movement ‘ Beej Bachao Andolan’ was aimed for the conservation of……….. a) Trees b) Shrubs c) Crops 146. Who had stated in the Stockholm conference in 1972 that poverty was the greatest polluter? a) Indira Gandhi b) Mahatma Gandhi

c) Rajiv Gandhi 147. The movement ‘Pani Panjayath’ was initiated to conserve waters in the drought prone areas of ……………………state a) Tamilnadu b) Rajasthan c) Maharashtra 148. Founder of ‘Shantinikethan’ a University that taught an environment based education a) Mahathma Gandhi b) Chandi Prasad Bhat b) Rabindranatha Tagore 149 Which state proposed a ban on all types of polythene packing for the first time in India? a) Himachal Pradesh b) Madhya Pradesh c) Kerala 150. The Expansion of SPCA a) Society for the protection of Common Animals b) Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals c) Society for the Prohibition of Cruelty to Animals 151. The projects that already exist but require expansion must also apply for clearance is called……………………. a) Green-field projects b) brown-field projects c) blue-field projects 152. Expansion of PCB a) Pollution Control Board b) Population Control Board c) Protection and Conservation of Biodiversity

153. In which year Silent Valley was declared as National Park ? a) 1988 b) 1982 c) 1984 154. One of the most commonly used pesticide a) Lacto Bacillus b) Bacillus Thuringiensis c) Rhizobium 155.‘Smog’ is a mixture of a) Smoke and Fog b) Snow and Fog c) Snow and Dust d) Sulpher Dioxide and Fog 156.The Anthrax disease is caused by a) Virus b) Bacteria c) Protozoa d) Helminthes 157.A Hawk that eats a frog is a a) Producer b) Primary Consumer c) Secondary consumer d) Tertiary consumer 158. Moisture in the air is known as a) Water b) Fog c) Snow d) Humidity 159. Zoological Survey of India is at a) Delhi b) Mumbai c) Calcutta 160. World Forest day is celebrated on a) 21st March (b) 5th June (c) Ist Dec (d) 7th June 161. An example of lotic water a) Pond b) River

c) Lake d) Reservoir 162 Superbugs are a) Synthetic bug b) Bacteria c) Radio nucleotide d) Industries 163. Torrey Cannon is famous for a) Gulf of War b) Industries c) Electric Potential d) Oil Spillage 164. Red Sea is named after a) Red algae b) Blue green algae c) Oil spillage d) Brown Algae 165. Aquatic life is damaged by a) Sound pollution b) Air Pollution c) Thermal Pollution d) All of these 166. Minamata disease is caused by a) Air Pollution b) Water Pollution c) Marine pollution d) All of these 167 Complex interlinked food chains are called a) Food Web b) Food net work c) Trophic levels d) Food pyramid 168 …………….. is an evergreen forest of Kerala a) Silent Valley b) Muthanga c) Wayanad c) Muthumala 169. Acid rain mainly result from a) Sulpher dioxide b) Carbon dioxide c) Carbon monoxide d) Amonia 170 Ozone depletion is caused by

a) Co2 b) CCL c) CFCs d) CO 171 Which among the following is an example for ex-situ conservation a) Zoological parks b) Wild life sanctuaries c) National Parks d) Reserve Forests 172 The World Biophilia was coined by a) Dr. Hackel b) Dr. Johanssen c) Dr. Benjamine c) Dr. Earnest Wilson,( answer, Edward O Wilson) 173 The book silent spring was written by a) Madhav Gandgil b) Anil Agarwal c) Racihel Carson d) E.O Wilson 174. The Chipko movement is started by a) Engler b) Sunderlal Bahuguna c) Medha Padkar d) None of these 175. World Ozone day is a) March 16 b) June 5 c) September 16 d) November 16 176. Which of the following is a part of the Carbon Cycle a) Animal respiration b) Plant respiration c) Production of sugars in plants d) Production of proteins in animals 177. Abiotic is a a) Living component b) Non living component c) Both living and non living d) None of these component 178. Biome refers to

a) Flora of an area b) Fauna of an area c) Large community of Plants d) None of these & animals 179.BOD of a river water is found very high. This means water a) is clear b) is highly polluted c) contain Algae d) contain many dissolved minerals 180 Lotic eco system refers to a) static water system b) Ecosystem of flowing water c) Ecosystem of estuaries d) Deep marine water system 181 The Red Data book which lists endangered species is maintained by a) UNO b) WHO c) ICUN d) WWF 182 Which of the following is a biodiversity hot sport in India ? a) Western Ghats b) Nandadevi c) Eastern Ghats d) Aravalli 183.Global warming is caused by a) GHGs b) CFCs c) CH4 d) No.2 184.The Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary is located at a) Pondicherry b) Thattakad c) Anakkatti d) Kalakkad 185.First Biosphere reserve in India a) Nilgiri b) Agastyamala c) Eravikulam d) Chinnar 186. Flag ship species of Choolannur sanctuary a) Tiger b) Peacock

c) Elephant d) Rhino 187. Utilisation of natural resources in moderate manner remaining something for the next generation is termed as a) Resettlement b) Sustainable development c) Rehabilitation d) Mutual development 188. Autotrophs are…………… a) Consumers b) Herbivores c) Saprophytes d) Producers 189. Organisms which depend on Producers are called a) Autotrophs b) Saprophytes c) Consumers d) Xerophytes 190. The source of atmospheric oxygen is a) Nitrogen cycle b) Photosynthesizing from Green Plants c) Water d) Carbon Cycle 191. Plants which grow in shade are called a) Sciophytes b) Heliophytes c) Oxylophytes d) Epiphytes 192. Who coined the slogan of ‘Chipko Movement’ Ecology is permanent economy” a) Jawaharlal b) Salim Ali c) Sunderlal Bahuguna d) Rachel Carson 193. Herpetology is a branch of Science which deals with a) Aves b) Mammals c) Reptiles d) Fishes 194. “ Silent Spring” is a well known book written by

a) John Miller b) Charles Darwin c) Rachel Carson d) Aldoleopold 195. The build up of Co2 is known as a) Global warming b) Green House effect c) Fossil fuels d) Ozone 196. Bears are usually hunted and killed for their a) Teeth b) Skin c) Gall bladder d) Nails 197. The capacity to do work is termed as a) Power b) Force c) Strength d) Energy 198. Coral reefs is India can be seen in a) Himalayan region b) Andaman and Nicobar Islands c) Uttarpradesh d) Maharashtra 199. The ‘Marble Cancer’ shown by Taj Mahal was due to a) Global Warming b) Exposure to carbon dioxide c) Marble degradation d) Fungal growth 200. The darkening of the skin due to arsenic poisoning is called a) Black syndrome b) Diffiuse melanosis c) Skin scaling d) None of these

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