The Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited (HDFC) was amongst the first to receive an 'in principle' approval from the Reserve Bank of o f India (RBI) to set up a bank in the private sector, as part of the RBI's liberalization of the Indian Banking Industry in 1994. The bank was incorporated in August 1994 in the name of 'HDFC Bank Limited', with its registered office in Mumbai, India. HDFC Bank commenced operations as a Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995.
PROMOTER
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HDFC is India's premier housing finance company and enjoys an impeccable track record in India as well as in international markets. Since its inception in 1977, the Corporation has maintained a consistent and healthy growth in its operations to remain the market leader in mortgages. Its outstanding loan portfolio covers well over a million dwelling units. HDFC has developed significant expertise in retail mortgage loans to different market segments and also has a large corporate client base for its housing related credit facilities. With its experience in the financial markets, a strong market reputation, large shareholder base and unique consumer franchise, HDFC was ideally positioned to promote a bank in the Indian environment.
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BUSINESS
FOCUS
HDFC Bank's mission is to be a World-Class Indian Bank. The objective is to build sound customer franchises across distinct businesses so as to be the preferred provider of banking services for target retail and wholesale customer segments, and to achieve healthy growth in profitability, consistent with the bank's risk appetite. The bank is committed to maintain the highest level of ethical standards, professional integrity, corporate governance and regulatory compliance. HDFC Bank's business philosophy is based on four core values - Operational Excellence, Customer Focus, Product Leadership and People.
CAPITAL STR UCTURE
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The authorized capital of HDFC Bank is Rs550 crore (Rs5.5 billion). The paid-up capital is Rs424.6 crore (Rs.4.2 billion). The HDFC Group holds 19.4% of the bank's equity and about 17.6% of the equity is held by the ADS Depository (in respect of the bank's American Depository Shares (ADS) Issue). Roughly 28% of the equity is held by Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) and the bank has about 570,000 shareholders. The shares are listed on the Stock Exchange, Mumbai and the National Stock Exchange. The bank's American Depository Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol 'HDB'.
TIMES BANK AMALGAMATION
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In a milestone transaction in the Indian banking industry, Times Bank Limited (another new private sector bank promoted by Bennett, Coleman & Co./Times Group) was merged with HDFC Bank Ltd., effective February 26, 2000. As per the scheme of amalgamation approved by the shareholders of both banks and the Reserve Bank of India, shareholders of Times Bank received 1 share of HDFC Bank for every 5.75 shares of Times Bank. The acquisition added significant value to HDFC Bank in terms of increased branch network, expanded geographic reach, enhanced customer base, skilled manpower and the opportunity to cross-sell and leverage alternative delivery channels.
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DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK
HDFC Bank is headquartered in Mumbai. The Bank at present has an enviable network of over 1229 branches spread over 444 cities across India. All branches are linked on an online real-time basis. Customers in over 120 locations are also serviced through Telephone Banking. The Bank's expansion plans take into account the need to have a presence in all major industrial and commercial centers where its corporate customers are located as well as the need to build a strong retail customer base for both deposits and loan products. Being a clearing/settlement bank to various leading stock exchanges, the Bank has branches in the centers where the NSE/BSE has a strong and active member base.
The Bank also has a network of about over 2526 networked ATMs across these cities. Moreover, HDFC Bank's ATM network can be accessed by all domestic and international Visa/MasterCard, Visa Electron/Maestro, Plus/Cirrus and American Express E xpress Credit/Charge cardholders.
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MANAGEMENT
Mr. Jagdish Capoor took over as the bank's Chairman in July 2001. Prior to this, Mr. Capoor was a Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank Ba nk of India. The Managing Director, Mr. Aditya Puri, has been a professional banker for over 25 years and before joining HDFC Bank in 1994 was heading Citibank's operations in Malaysia. The Bank's Board of Directors is composed of eminent individuals with a wealth of experience in public policy, administration, industry and commercial banking. Senior executives representing HDFC are also on the Board. Senior banking professionals with substantial experience in India and abroad head various businesses and functions and report to the Managing Director. Given the professional expertise of the management team and the overall focus on recruiting and retaining the best talent in the industry, the bank believes that its people are a significant competitive strength.
TECHNOLOGY
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HDFC Bank operates in a highly automated environment in terms of information technology and communication systems. All the bank's branches have online connectivity, which enables the bank to offer speedy funds transfer facilities to its customers. Multi-branch access is also provided to retail customers through the branch network and Automated Teller Machines (ATMs). The Bank has made substantial efforts and investments in acquiring the best technology available internationally, to build the infrastructure for a world class bank. The Bank's business is supported by scalable and robust systems which ensure that our clients always get the finest services we offer.
The Bank has prioritized its engagement in technology and the internet as one of its key goals and has already made significant progress in web-enabling its core businesses. In each of its businesses, the Bank has succeeded in leveraging its market position, expertise and technology to create a competitive advantage and build market share.
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BUSINESS
FOCUS
HDFC Bank's mission is to be a World-Class Indian Bank. The objective is to build sound customer franchises across distinct businesses so as to be the preferred provider of banking services for target retail and wholesale customer segments, and to achieve healthy growth in profitability, consistent with the bank's risk appetite. The bank is committed to maintain the highest level of ethical standards, professional integrity, corporate governance and regulatory compliance. HDFC Bank's business philosophy is based on four core values - Operational Excellence, Customer Focus, Product Leadership and People. RATING I.
Credit Rating
The Bank has its deposit programs rated by two rating agencies - Credit Analysis & Research Limited (CARE) and Fitch Ratings India Private Limited. The Bank's Fixed Deposit programme has been rated 'CARE AAA (FD)' [Triple A] by CARE, which represents instruments considered to be "of the best quality, carrying negligible investment risk". CARE has also rated the bank's Certificate of Deposit (CD) programme "PR 1+" which represents "superior capacity for repayment of short term promissory obligations". Fitch Ratings India Pvt. Ltd. (100% subsidiary of Fitch Inc.) has assigned the "tAAA ( ind )" rating to the Bank's deposit programme, with the outlook on the rating as "stable". This rating indicates "highest credit quality" where "protection factors are very high". The Bank also has its long term unsecured, subordinated (Tier II) Bonds rated by CARE and Fitch Ratings India Private Limited and its Tier I perpetual Bonds and Upper Tier II Bonds rated by CARE and CRISIL Ltd. CARE has assigned the rating of "CARE AAA" for the subordinated Tier II Bonds while Fitch Ratings India Pvt. Ltd. has assigned the rating "AAA (ind)" with the
outlook on the rating as "stable". CARE has also assigned "CARE AAA [Triple A]" for the Banks Perpetual bond and Upper Tier II bond issues. CRISIL has assigned the rating "AAA / Stable" for the Bank's Perpetual Debt programme and Upper Tier II Bond issue. In each of the cases referred to above, the ratings awarded were the highest assigned by the rating agency for those instruments. II.
Corporate Governance Rating
The bank was one of the first four companies, which subjected itself to a Corporate Governance and Value Creation (GVC) rating by the rating agency, The Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited (CRISIL). The rating provides an independent assessment of an entity's current performance and an expectation on its "balanced value creation and corporate governance practices" in future. The bank has been assigned a 'CRISIL GVC Level 1' rating which indicates that the bank's capability with respect to wealth creation for all its stakeholders while adopting sound corporate governance practices is the highest. 2.2 PRODUCT SCOPE:
HDFC Bank offers a bunch of products and services to meet the every need of the people. The company cares for both, bot h, individuals as well as corporate and small and medium enterprises. For individuals, the company has a range accounts, investment, and pension scheme, different types of loans and cards that assist the customers. The customers can choose the suitable one from a range of o f products which will suit their life-stage and needs. For organizations the company has a host of customized solutions that range from Funded services, Non-funded services, Value addition services, Mutual fund etc. These affordable plans apart from providing long term value to the employees help in enhancing goodwill of the company. The products of the company co mpany are categorized into various sections which are as follows:
Accounts and deposits.
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Loans.
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Investments and Insurance.
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Forex and payment services.
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Cards.
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Customer center.
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2.3 PRODUCTS AND SERVICES AT A GLANCE 1. PERSONAL BANKING A. Accounts &
- Kisan No Frills Savings Account - Kisan Club Savings Account - Plus Current Account
- Trade Current Account - Premium Current Account - Regular Current Account - Apex Current Account - Max Current Account - Reimbursement Current Account - RFC - Domestic Account - Regular Fixed Deposit Depo sit - Super Saver Account - Sweep-in Account - HDFC Bank Preferred - Private Banking B.
Loans
- Personal Loans - Home Loans - Two Wheeler Loans - New Car Loans - Used Car Loans
- Overdraft against Car - Express Loans - Loan against Securities
- Loan against Property - Commercial Vehicle Finance - Working Capital Finance - Construction Equipment Finance - Offers & Deals - Customer Center C. Investments & Insurance
- Foreign Currency Cash - Foreign Currency Drafts - Foreign Currency Cheque Deposits Depos its - Foreign Currency Remittances - Cash To Master - ForexPlus Card E. Payment Services
- Net Safe - Prepaid Refill - Bill Pay - Direct Pay - Visa Money Transfer - E-Monies Electronic Funds Transfer - Excise & Service Tax Payment Pa yment F. Access Your Bank
- One View - Insta Alerts - Mobile Banking - ATM - Phone Banking - Branch Network
G. Cards
- Silver Credit Card - Gold Credit Card - Woman's Gold Credit Card - Platinum plus Credit Card - Titanium Credit Card - Value plus Credit Card - Health plus Credit Card - HDFC Bank Idea Silver S ilver Card - HDFC Bank Idea Gold Card - Compare Cards - Transfer & Safe - Track your Credit Card H. Get More from Your Card
- Smart Pay - Secure Plus - My City Benefit Card - Debit Cards - Easy Shop International International Debit Card - Easy Shop Gold Debit Card - Easy Shop International International Business Business Debit Card - Easy Shop Woman's Advantage
Debit Card
- Prepaid Cards - Forex Plus Card - Kisan Card I. Customer Centre
- Offers & Deals - Winners of Contests & Promotions 2. Wholesale Banking A. Corporate
Funded Services Non Funded Services Value Added Services Internet Banking
B.
Small & Medium Enterprises
Funded Services Non-Funded Services Specialized Services Internet Banking C. Financial Institutions & Trusts
Some of the commonly used methods to measure credit risk are IN HDFC 1. Ratio of non performing advances to total advances; 2. Ratio of loan losses to bad debt reserves; 3. Ratio of loan losses to capital and reserves; 4. Ratio of loan loss provisions to impaired credit; 5. Ratio of bad debt provision to total income
Measurement
of risk through credit rating/scoring: rating/scoring:
(a) Quantifying the risk risk through through estimating expected expected loan losses losses i.e. the amount of loan losses that bank would experience over a chosen time horizon (through tracking portfolio behavior over 5 or more years) and unexpected loss (through standard deviation of losses or the difference between expected loan losses and some selected target credit loss quantile); (b) Risk pricing on a scientific basis; and (c) Controllin Controlling g the risk through effective Loan Review Mechanism and portfolio management.