IRJET-APPLICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC AS AN EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Preservation of road infrastructure requires a systematic approach for the good performance of roads keeping in mind the future condition and maintenance scenarios. Now-a-days pavements are subjected to various kinds of loading which affects the pavement performance condition that causes various distresses. These distresses include rutting, fatigue cracking, and temperature cracking. Looking forward to the environmental condition, complete ban on plastic cannot be made. Thus, using of plastic as an innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increase the road life. This paper includes the results of the various laboratory tests conducted on bitumen, aggregate and bitumen-aggregate plastic mix.
Content
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
APPLICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC AS AN EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION
MATERIAL IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Sasane Neha .B.1, Gaikwad.Harish2, Dr. J R Patil3 and Dr. S D Khandekar4
Post graduate student, Department of Civil Engineering, RMD Sinhgad College of Engineering, Warje,
Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA,
3Professor, Head of department , Department of Civil Engineering, RMD college of engineering, Pune
(Maharashtra, India)
4 Professor, Head of department , Department of Civil Engineering, SKN Nahare college of engineering, Pune
(Maharashtra, India)
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------12
Abstract—Preservation of road infrastructure
requires a systematic approach for the good
performance of roads keeping in mind the future
condition and maintenance scenarios. Now-a-days
pavements are subjected to various kinds of loading
which affects the pavement performance condition that
causes various distresses. These distresses include
rutting, fatigue cracking, and temperature cracking.
Looking forward to the environmental condition,
complete ban on plastic cannot be made. Thus, using of
plastic as an innovative technology not only
strengthened the road construction but also increase
the road life. This paper includes the results of the
various laboratory tests conducted on bitumen,
aggregate and bitumen-aggregate plastic mix.
Key words – Waste plastic, Aggregate, Bitumen, plasticbitumen-aggregate mix, plastic modified bitumen and
plastic modified aggregate.
I INTRODUCTION
Today, for the developing countries, Flexible
pavements are one of the most important infrastructures.
Any damage to this may cause lots of inconvenience to the
traffic which ultimately will affect the future scenario of
countries. Now-a-days it is been observed that due to
increase in axel load and traffic intensity the capability of
the bituminous binders is been reduced causing bleeding
in hot climate, cracks in cold climate, rutting and pot holes.
This makes an essentiality in modification of bitumen
binder to meet the increasing demand of axel loads and
traffic intensity.
Rapid industrial and enormous population growth
has resulted in increasing the various types of waste
materials. Considerable measures have been done for the
disposal of these waste products. These plastics are
considerably non-biodegradable thus can be used as a
modifier in bitumen and aggregates to increase their
strength.
This study presents the proper utilization of
waste in hot bitumen and aggregate to enhance pavement
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
performance, to protect environment and to provide low
cost roads.
II LITERATURE REVIEWS
The concept of using plastic in flexible pavement has
been done sine several years ago in India. Plastic has
played a very vital role in increasing the strength of
bitumen as well as aggregate. Prof. C.E.G.Justo states that
addition of plastic in bitumen improves the stability,
strength, life and other desirable properties of bitumen.
Similarly, Dr. R.Vasudevan states that the polymer
bitumen blend is a better binder compared to plain
bitumen. Rema Devi et. all. Stated that the concept of
utilization of waste plastic in the construction of pavement
has shown better resistance to water which reduces the
stripping of bitumen from aggregate. Amit Gawande et.al,
investigations the use of waste plastic in road construction
as an effective way to reutilize the plastic waste.
Aggregate is one of the most important materials used
for flexible pavement construction (See Figure 1). Properly
selected and graded aggregates are mixed with bitumen to
form hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. Aggregates are
the principal load supporting components of HMA
pavement. HMA can be divided into three types according
to their size: coarse aggregate that generally retain on 2.36
mm sieve, fine aggregate are which pass through 2.36 mm
sieve and retaining on 0.0075 mm sieve and mineral filler
are the aggregate the one which pass through 0.075 mm
sieve.
Figure 1 Aggregate of 10 mm
Bitumen is very well known as the binders in pavement
construction (Refer Figure 2). It is one of the major highway
construction materials. The important quality of bitumen
Page 1943
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
which has made bitumen a popular binding material is its
excellent binding property and gets softens when heated.
Figure 4 Blends of Aggregate and Bitumen and blends of
Aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix
Figure 2 Bitumen of grade 60/70
Plastic are known by their chemical structure which is
generally known as polymer’s backbone and side chain. There
are usually two types of plastic’s “Thermoplastic and
Thermosetting polymers” (Refer Figure 3)
Plastic is one of the materials which enhanced its binding
property when softened. Hence, this softened plastic material
can be used as an effective binder in bitumen.
The results of various tests conducted on aggregate and
bitumen and aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix are given in
subsequent section.
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Laboratory Tests on Aggregate
For the asphalt pavement, stone aggregate with specific
Characteristics are used for road laying. The aggregates are
chosen on their strength, porosity and moisture absorption
capacity.
The shredded waste plastic was sprayed over the hot
aggregate which got coated on aggregate when molted. The
extent of coating was varied by using different percentage of
plastic. Increase in the percentage of plastic increases the
properties of aggregates.
Figure 3 Plastic on road sides.
III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology for present study has adopted
various tests to investigate the results on aggregate, bitumen
and plastic and aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix. The tests
conducted were Water Absorption, Aggregate Impact, Loss
Angeles and Aggregate Crushing Test [IS: 2386 (part 4)1963] for aggregates and Softening Point, Penetration Test
and Ductility Test [IS: 1203-1978] for bitumen.
For mixing the ingredients of road mix, dry process was
adopted. In this process, waste plastic is mixed with
aggregates and blends of polymer modified aggregate are
prepared by mixing bitumen in it. These blends are later tested
in laboratory and required optimum results are obtained.
The blends using aggregates and bitumen were prepared
along with the use of different percentage of waste plastic in it
separately (See Figure 4) and were kept for water bath at least
24 hrs. Later these blends were tested under marshal stability
apparatus to check its stability for road pavements.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
Following are the tests conducted in laboratories
Impact Test (IS: 2386 Part IV-.1963)
Toughness is the property of a material to resist impact.
Due to traffic load and intensity, the road stones are subjected
to various actions leading in formation of pounding impact or
breaking into smaller pieces. Thus, road stones should
therefore be tough enough to resist fracture under impact.
Hence, a test is designed to evaluate the toughness of stone.
The results of Impact test with various percentage of
plastic in aggregates are shown in Table 1 and Figure 5. Loss
Angel’s Abrasion Test (Is: 2386 Part Iv 1963)
The repeated movement of the vehicle with iron wheeled
or rubber tire will produce some wear and tear over the
surface of the pavement. This wear and tear percentage of an
aggregate is determined with the help of “Loss Angeles
Abrasion Study”.
Page 1944
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Table 1 Observations for aggregate impact test
Stone aggregate
% of plastic
Aggregate impact
vale
Without plastic
coating
With plastic
coating
0
10.79 %
5
10
15
10.59 %
10.03 %
9.93 %
Figure 6 Variation in Loss Angeles Value of Aggregate
with increase in percentage of plastic
LABORATORY TESTS ON BITUMEN:
The studies on the behavior and binding properties
enhanced for the preparation of plastic waste-bitumen blend to
find suitability properties of material for road construction.
Figure 5 Variation in aggregate Impact Value of Aggregate
with increase in percentage of plastic
Polyethylene carry bags were cut into pieces using cutter in to
small pieces.
The results of Loss Angeles Abrasion Test with various
percentage waste plastic in aggregates are given in Table 2
and Figure 6.
These plastic pieces were slowly added to the hot bitumen
and the mixture was stirred well using mechanical stirrer.
Polymer-bitumen and polymer-aggregate mixtures of different
compositions were prepared and used for carrying various
tests.
Table 2 Observation for the Loss Angeles Abrasion test
Following are the test conducted in laboratories:
Stone aggregate
Without plastic
coating
With plastic
coating
% of
plastic
Loss Angeles
Value
0
12.99%
5
11.70%
10
15
10.65%
8.94%
Softening Point
The softening point is the temperature at which the
substance attains a particular degree of softening under
specified condition of tests. Higher softening point is
generally preferred in warm climate, whereas lower the
softening point lower will be preferred in cold climate.
As per IRC recommendation the softening point of
bitumen is 500C.
The following result is shown in Table 3 and Figure 7.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Table 3 Observations for tests on bitumen
% of
bitumen
100
95
90
85
% of polymer
Softening point
0
5
10
15
50
52
60
62
Figure 8 Variations in Penetration Value of Bitumen with
Increase in percentage of plastic
DUCTILITY TEST (IS: 1208-1978)
Figure 7 Variations in Softening Point of Bitumen with
Increase in percentage of plastic
This test is done to determine the ductility of bitumen. The
principle of this test is that: the ductility of a bituminous
material is measured by distance in cm to which it will
elongate before breaking.
PENETRATION TEST (IS: 1203-1978)
The penetration test is carried out to know the hardness
or softness of bitumen used in road construction by
measuring the distance to which the needle penetrates.
Samples having different percentage of plastic waste in
bitumen is prepared and their penetration values are
determined as per IS code .The penetration values of the
blends are decreasing depending upon the percentage of
polymer added.
As per IRC recommendation the penetration values of
Bitumen is from 20-225 mm. The following results of
penetration test are shown in Table 4 and Figure 8.
The following results of ductility test are shown in Table 5
and Figure 9.
Table 5 Observation for the ductility test
% of bitumen
% of polymer
Ductility value
100
95
90
85
0
5
10
15
83
68
57
52
Table 4 Observation for the penetration test
% of bitumen
% of
polymer
100
95
90
85
0
5
10
15
Penetration
value in mm
70
68
67
64
Figure 9 Variation in Ductility of Bitumen with increase
In percentage of plastic
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
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Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
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Marshal Stability Test
In marshal stability test, the deformation of specimen of
bituminous mixture is measured when the same load is
applied. This test procedure is used in designing and
evaluating bituminous paving mixes. The marshal stability of
mix is defined as a maximum load carried by a compacted
specimen.
This has added more value in minimizing the disposal of
plastic waste as an eco-friendly technique.
Coating of polymer on the surface of the aggregate has
resulted in many advantages, which ultimately helps to
improve the quality of flexible pavement.
VI ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This piece of work would never be accomplished
without God almighty. For it is under his grace that I
live, learn and flourish. This report owes its existence to
help, support and inspiration of our guide Dr.
S.D.Khandekar and Dr. J.R.Patil. He has been a constsnt
source of enthusiasm and encouragement during the
entire tenure of the seminar. I also owe this seminar
report to my family members. Throughout all over
endeavours, their love, support, guidance and endless
patience have truly inspirational- “ Thanks will never
suffice.
The following results of Marshal Stability test are shown in
Table 6 and Figure 10
Table 6 Observation for the Marshal Stability
Sr No
Plastic Added (%)
Stability (kg)
1
0
1010
2
5
1680
3
10
1957
4
15
1181.23
I am graceful to the faculty and staff of the
department of civil engineering, RMD Sinhgad school of
Buisness, Pune for their help and support.
VII REFERENCES
1) “Chavan A.” (2013). “Use Of Plastic Waste In Flexible
Pavements” International Journal Of Application Or
Innovation In Engineering And Management ISSN
2319- 4847, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2013
2) “Devi R., M,Stephen L.,Mini.I.M,” (2013) “Reduction Of
Optimum Bitumen Content In Bituminous Mixes Using
Plastic Coated Aggregates”. International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013
Figure 10 Variation in Stability of Bitumen with increase
In percentage of plastic
V CONCLUSION
It shows that with the increase of waste plastic in
bitumen increases the properties of aggregate and
bitumen.
Use of waste plastic in flexible pavements shows good
result when compared with conventional flexible
pavements.
The optimum use of plastic can be done up to 10%,
based on Marshal Stability test.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
3) “Gawande.A.,Zamare.G.,Renge.V.C.,Tayde.S.,Bharsakale
.G (2012) “An Overview On Waste Plastic Utilization
In Asphalting Of Roads” International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.
4)
5)
6)
IS: 2386 (Part 3)and (Part 4)-1963.
IS: 1203 – 1978.
Joseph Mercy, et.al. (2013) “Study On Use Of Plastic
Waste In Road Construction” International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology., Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.
.
7)
Kumar, S and Gaikwad, SA “Municipal Solid Waste
Management in Indian Urban Centres: an approach for
betterment”, in Gupta K.R.(Ed): Urban Development
Debates in the New Millennium, Atlantic Publishers
and Distributors, New Delhi, pp. 100-111,(2004).
Page 1947
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
BIOGRAPHIES
8)
“Mercy Joseph P. , Solly George, Jessy Paul “(2013) “
Study
On
Use
Waste
Plastic
In
Road
Construction”.”International Journal Of Innovative In
Science, Engineering And Technology”.ISSN: 23198753 vol-2,issue 3.
9) “Mohammad Awwad”(2007) “The Use of Polyethylene
in Hot Asphalt Mixtures”, “American Journal of
Applied Sciences” 4 (6) pp-390-396, 2007.
10) “Prasad Shiva , ” (2012) “ Study On Marshall Stability
Properties Of BC Mix Used In Road Construction By
Adding Waste Plastic Bottles”, IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering PP 12-23..
11) “R Vasudevan.,”(2007)l
“Utilization of Waste
Polymers for Flexible Pavement and Easy Disposal of
Waste Polymers”, International Conference on
Sustainable Solid Waste Management, 5 - 7, Chennai,
India pp-105-111, 2007.
12) “Shedame Pankaj , Pitale Nikhil” (2014) “Experimental
Study Of Bituminous Concrete Containg Plastic Waste
Material” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil
Engineering. PP 37-45.
13) “Soni Apurva , K.K Punjabi” (2013). “Improving The
Performance Of Bituminous Concrete Mix By Waste
Plastic. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications pp.863-868
14) “Sultana A.SK, Prasad.K.S.B”(2012) “Utilization of
Waste Plastic as a Strength Modifier in Surface Course
of Flexible and Rigid Pavements” International Journal
of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA)
ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 2, Issue 4, July-August 2012,
pp.1185-1191
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
Miss. NEHA.B.SASANE
B.E. (K.I.T College, Kolhapur),
Pursuing M. E. in Construction and
Management,
(RMD
Sinhgad
School of Engineering, Warje,
Pune)
Dr. JALINDAR R. PATIL
B.E., M.E., Ph.D. (Engg.: CivilGeotechnical, National Institute of
Technology, Warangal), MISSMGE,
FIGS, MIRC, MISTE, MISRMTT,
Professor of Civil Engineering,
RMD
Sinhgad
School
of
Engineering, S.No.111/1, Warje,
PUNE,
411058
M.S.
INDIA,
Teaching
and
Administrative
Experience of 24 years and 3.5
years of experience of Research,
Published
more
than
35
international/national papers in
journal and conference, Received 3
merits and awards at national
level.
Mr. HARISH GAIKWAD
B.E. (civil), PG Scholar in
Construction and Management,
(RMD
Sinhgad
School
of
Engineering, Warje, Pune)
Dr. S D Khandekar
Professor, Head of department ,
Department of Civil Engineering,
SKN Nahare college of engineering,
Pune (Maharashtra, India),
Page 1948
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
APPLICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC AS AN EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION
MATERIAL IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Sasane Neha .B.1, Gaikwad.Harish2, Dr. J R Patil3 and Dr. S D Khandekar4
Post graduate student, Department of Civil Engineering, RMD Sinhgad College of Engineering, Warje,
Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA,
3Professor, Head of department , Department of Civil Engineering, RMD college of engineering, Pune
(Maharashtra, India)
4 Professor, Head of department , Department of Civil Engineering, SKN Nahare college of engineering, Pune
(Maharashtra, India)
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------12
Abstract—Preservation of road infrastructure
requires a systematic approach for the good
performance of roads keeping in mind the future
condition and maintenance scenarios. Now-a-days
pavements are subjected to various kinds of loading
which affects the pavement performance condition that
causes various distresses. These distresses include
rutting, fatigue cracking, and temperature cracking.
Looking forward to the environmental condition,
complete ban on plastic cannot be made. Thus, using of
plastic as an innovative technology not only
strengthened the road construction but also increase
the road life. This paper includes the results of the
various laboratory tests conducted on bitumen,
aggregate and bitumen-aggregate plastic mix.
Key words – Waste plastic, Aggregate, Bitumen, plasticbitumen-aggregate mix, plastic modified bitumen and
plastic modified aggregate.
I INTRODUCTION
Today, for the developing countries, Flexible
pavements are one of the most important infrastructures.
Any damage to this may cause lots of inconvenience to the
traffic which ultimately will affect the future scenario of
countries. Now-a-days it is been observed that due to
increase in axel load and traffic intensity the capability of
the bituminous binders is been reduced causing bleeding
in hot climate, cracks in cold climate, rutting and pot holes.
This makes an essentiality in modification of bitumen
binder to meet the increasing demand of axel loads and
traffic intensity.
Rapid industrial and enormous population growth
has resulted in increasing the various types of waste
materials. Considerable measures have been done for the
disposal of these waste products. These plastics are
considerably non-biodegradable thus can be used as a
modifier in bitumen and aggregates to increase their
strength.
This study presents the proper utilization of
waste in hot bitumen and aggregate to enhance pavement
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
performance, to protect environment and to provide low
cost roads.
II LITERATURE REVIEWS
The concept of using plastic in flexible pavement has
been done sine several years ago in India. Plastic has
played a very vital role in increasing the strength of
bitumen as well as aggregate. Prof. C.E.G.Justo states that
addition of plastic in bitumen improves the stability,
strength, life and other desirable properties of bitumen.
Similarly, Dr. R.Vasudevan states that the polymer
bitumen blend is a better binder compared to plain
bitumen. Rema Devi et. all. Stated that the concept of
utilization of waste plastic in the construction of pavement
has shown better resistance to water which reduces the
stripping of bitumen from aggregate. Amit Gawande et.al,
investigations the use of waste plastic in road construction
as an effective way to reutilize the plastic waste.
Aggregate is one of the most important materials used
for flexible pavement construction (See Figure 1). Properly
selected and graded aggregates are mixed with bitumen to
form hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. Aggregates are
the principal load supporting components of HMA
pavement. HMA can be divided into three types according
to their size: coarse aggregate that generally retain on 2.36
mm sieve, fine aggregate are which pass through 2.36 mm
sieve and retaining on 0.0075 mm sieve and mineral filler
are the aggregate the one which pass through 0.075 mm
sieve.
Figure 1 Aggregate of 10 mm
Bitumen is very well known as the binders in pavement
construction (Refer Figure 2). It is one of the major highway
construction materials. The important quality of bitumen
Page 1943
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
which has made bitumen a popular binding material is its
excellent binding property and gets softens when heated.
Figure 4 Blends of Aggregate and Bitumen and blends of
Aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix
Figure 2 Bitumen of grade 60/70
Plastic are known by their chemical structure which is
generally known as polymer’s backbone and side chain. There
are usually two types of plastic’s “Thermoplastic and
Thermosetting polymers” (Refer Figure 3)
Plastic is one of the materials which enhanced its binding
property when softened. Hence, this softened plastic material
can be used as an effective binder in bitumen.
The results of various tests conducted on aggregate and
bitumen and aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix are given in
subsequent section.
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Laboratory Tests on Aggregate
For the asphalt pavement, stone aggregate with specific
Characteristics are used for road laying. The aggregates are
chosen on their strength, porosity and moisture absorption
capacity.
The shredded waste plastic was sprayed over the hot
aggregate which got coated on aggregate when molted. The
extent of coating was varied by using different percentage of
plastic. Increase in the percentage of plastic increases the
properties of aggregates.
Figure 3 Plastic on road sides.
III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology for present study has adopted
various tests to investigate the results on aggregate, bitumen
and plastic and aggregate-bitumen-plastic mix. The tests
conducted were Water Absorption, Aggregate Impact, Loss
Angeles and Aggregate Crushing Test [IS: 2386 (part 4)1963] for aggregates and Softening Point, Penetration Test
and Ductility Test [IS: 1203-1978] for bitumen.
For mixing the ingredients of road mix, dry process was
adopted. In this process, waste plastic is mixed with
aggregates and blends of polymer modified aggregate are
prepared by mixing bitumen in it. These blends are later tested
in laboratory and required optimum results are obtained.
The blends using aggregates and bitumen were prepared
along with the use of different percentage of waste plastic in it
separately (See Figure 4) and were kept for water bath at least
24 hrs. Later these blends were tested under marshal stability
apparatus to check its stability for road pavements.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
Following are the tests conducted in laboratories
Impact Test (IS: 2386 Part IV-.1963)
Toughness is the property of a material to resist impact.
Due to traffic load and intensity, the road stones are subjected
to various actions leading in formation of pounding impact or
breaking into smaller pieces. Thus, road stones should
therefore be tough enough to resist fracture under impact.
Hence, a test is designed to evaluate the toughness of stone.
The results of Impact test with various percentage of
plastic in aggregates are shown in Table 1 and Figure 5. Loss
Angel’s Abrasion Test (Is: 2386 Part Iv 1963)
The repeated movement of the vehicle with iron wheeled
or rubber tire will produce some wear and tear over the
surface of the pavement. This wear and tear percentage of an
aggregate is determined with the help of “Loss Angeles
Abrasion Study”.
Page 1944
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Table 1 Observations for aggregate impact test
Stone aggregate
% of plastic
Aggregate impact
vale
Without plastic
coating
With plastic
coating
0
10.79 %
5
10
15
10.59 %
10.03 %
9.93 %
Figure 6 Variation in Loss Angeles Value of Aggregate
with increase in percentage of plastic
LABORATORY TESTS ON BITUMEN:
The studies on the behavior and binding properties
enhanced for the preparation of plastic waste-bitumen blend to
find suitability properties of material for road construction.
Figure 5 Variation in aggregate Impact Value of Aggregate
with increase in percentage of plastic
Polyethylene carry bags were cut into pieces using cutter in to
small pieces.
The results of Loss Angeles Abrasion Test with various
percentage waste plastic in aggregates are given in Table 2
and Figure 6.
These plastic pieces were slowly added to the hot bitumen
and the mixture was stirred well using mechanical stirrer.
Polymer-bitumen and polymer-aggregate mixtures of different
compositions were prepared and used for carrying various
tests.
Table 2 Observation for the Loss Angeles Abrasion test
Following are the test conducted in laboratories:
Stone aggregate
Without plastic
coating
With plastic
coating
% of
plastic
Loss Angeles
Value
0
12.99%
5
11.70%
10
15
10.65%
8.94%
Softening Point
The softening point is the temperature at which the
substance attains a particular degree of softening under
specified condition of tests. Higher softening point is
generally preferred in warm climate, whereas lower the
softening point lower will be preferred in cold climate.
As per IRC recommendation the softening point of
bitumen is 500C.
The following result is shown in Table 3 and Figure 7.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
Page 1945
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Table 3 Observations for tests on bitumen
% of
bitumen
100
95
90
85
% of polymer
Softening point
0
5
10
15
50
52
60
62
Figure 8 Variations in Penetration Value of Bitumen with
Increase in percentage of plastic
DUCTILITY TEST (IS: 1208-1978)
Figure 7 Variations in Softening Point of Bitumen with
Increase in percentage of plastic
This test is done to determine the ductility of bitumen. The
principle of this test is that: the ductility of a bituminous
material is measured by distance in cm to which it will
elongate before breaking.
PENETRATION TEST (IS: 1203-1978)
The penetration test is carried out to know the hardness
or softness of bitumen used in road construction by
measuring the distance to which the needle penetrates.
Samples having different percentage of plastic waste in
bitumen is prepared and their penetration values are
determined as per IS code .The penetration values of the
blends are decreasing depending upon the percentage of
polymer added.
As per IRC recommendation the penetration values of
Bitumen is from 20-225 mm. The following results of
penetration test are shown in Table 4 and Figure 8.
The following results of ductility test are shown in Table 5
and Figure 9.
Table 5 Observation for the ductility test
% of bitumen
% of polymer
Ductility value
100
95
90
85
0
5
10
15
83
68
57
52
Table 4 Observation for the penetration test
% of bitumen
% of
polymer
100
95
90
85
0
5
10
15
Penetration
value in mm
70
68
67
64
Figure 9 Variation in Ductility of Bitumen with increase
In percentage of plastic
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
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Marshal Stability Test
In marshal stability test, the deformation of specimen of
bituminous mixture is measured when the same load is
applied. This test procedure is used in designing and
evaluating bituminous paving mixes. The marshal stability of
mix is defined as a maximum load carried by a compacted
specimen.
This has added more value in minimizing the disposal of
plastic waste as an eco-friendly technique.
Coating of polymer on the surface of the aggregate has
resulted in many advantages, which ultimately helps to
improve the quality of flexible pavement.
VI ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This piece of work would never be accomplished
without God almighty. For it is under his grace that I
live, learn and flourish. This report owes its existence to
help, support and inspiration of our guide Dr.
S.D.Khandekar and Dr. J.R.Patil. He has been a constsnt
source of enthusiasm and encouragement during the
entire tenure of the seminar. I also owe this seminar
report to my family members. Throughout all over
endeavours, their love, support, guidance and endless
patience have truly inspirational- “ Thanks will never
suffice.
The following results of Marshal Stability test are shown in
Table 6 and Figure 10
Table 6 Observation for the Marshal Stability
Sr No
Plastic Added (%)
Stability (kg)
1
0
1010
2
5
1680
3
10
1957
4
15
1181.23
I am graceful to the faculty and staff of the
department of civil engineering, RMD Sinhgad school of
Buisness, Pune for their help and support.
VII REFERENCES
1) “Chavan A.” (2013). “Use Of Plastic Waste In Flexible
Pavements” International Journal Of Application Or
Innovation In Engineering And Management ISSN
2319- 4847, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2013
2) “Devi R., M,Stephen L.,Mini.I.M,” (2013) “Reduction Of
Optimum Bitumen Content In Bituminous Mixes Using
Plastic Coated Aggregates”. International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013
Figure 10 Variation in Stability of Bitumen with increase
In percentage of plastic
V CONCLUSION
It shows that with the increase of waste plastic in
bitumen increases the properties of aggregate and
bitumen.
Use of waste plastic in flexible pavements shows good
result when compared with conventional flexible
pavements.
The optimum use of plastic can be done up to 10%,
based on Marshal Stability test.
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
3) “Gawande.A.,Zamare.G.,Renge.V.C.,Tayde.S.,Bharsakale
.G (2012) “An Overview On Waste Plastic Utilization
In Asphalting Of Roads” International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.
4)
5)
6)
IS: 2386 (Part 3)and (Part 4)-1963.
IS: 1203 – 1978.
Joseph Mercy, et.al. (2013) “Study On Use Of Plastic
Waste In Road Construction” International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology., Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.
.
7)
Kumar, S and Gaikwad, SA “Municipal Solid Waste
Management in Indian Urban Centres: an approach for
betterment”, in Gupta K.R.(Ed): Urban Development
Debates in the New Millennium, Atlantic Publishers
and Distributors, New Delhi, pp. 100-111,(2004).
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 03 | June-2015
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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BIOGRAPHIES
8)
“Mercy Joseph P. , Solly George, Jessy Paul “(2013) “
Study
On
Use
Waste
Plastic
In
Road
Construction”.”International Journal Of Innovative In
Science, Engineering And Technology”.ISSN: 23198753 vol-2,issue 3.
9) “Mohammad Awwad”(2007) “The Use of Polyethylene
in Hot Asphalt Mixtures”, “American Journal of
Applied Sciences” 4 (6) pp-390-396, 2007.
10) “Prasad Shiva , ” (2012) “ Study On Marshall Stability
Properties Of BC Mix Used In Road Construction By
Adding Waste Plastic Bottles”, IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering PP 12-23..
11) “R Vasudevan.,”(2007)l
“Utilization of Waste
Polymers for Flexible Pavement and Easy Disposal of
Waste Polymers”, International Conference on
Sustainable Solid Waste Management, 5 - 7, Chennai,
India pp-105-111, 2007.
12) “Shedame Pankaj , Pitale Nikhil” (2014) “Experimental
Study Of Bituminous Concrete Containg Plastic Waste
Material” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil
Engineering. PP 37-45.
13) “Soni Apurva , K.K Punjabi” (2013). “Improving The
Performance Of Bituminous Concrete Mix By Waste
Plastic. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications pp.863-868
14) “Sultana A.SK, Prasad.K.S.B”(2012) “Utilization of
Waste Plastic as a Strength Modifier in Surface Course
of Flexible and Rigid Pavements” International Journal
of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA)
ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 2, Issue 4, July-August 2012,
pp.1185-1191
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved
Miss. NEHA.B.SASANE
B.E. (K.I.T College, Kolhapur),
Pursuing M. E. in Construction and
Management,
(RMD
Sinhgad
School of Engineering, Warje,
Pune)
Dr. JALINDAR R. PATIL
B.E., M.E., Ph.D. (Engg.: CivilGeotechnical, National Institute of
Technology, Warangal), MISSMGE,
FIGS, MIRC, MISTE, MISRMTT,
Professor of Civil Engineering,
RMD
Sinhgad
School
of
Engineering, S.No.111/1, Warje,
PUNE,
411058
M.S.
INDIA,
Teaching
and
Administrative
Experience of 24 years and 3.5
years of experience of Research,
Published
more
than
35
international/national papers in
journal and conference, Received 3
merits and awards at national
level.
Mr. HARISH GAIKWAD
B.E. (civil), PG Scholar in
Construction and Management,
(RMD
Sinhgad
School
of
Engineering, Warje, Pune)
Dr. S D Khandekar
Professor, Head of department ,
Department of Civil Engineering,
SKN Nahare college of engineering,
Pune (Maharashtra, India),
Page 1948
