Assignment Assignme nt Brief .................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... 1
1.2
Objectives of the Study ............. ................................................................................... .............................................................................................. ........................ 1
1.3
Approach and Methodology................. Methodology....................................................................................... ................................................................................... ............. 1
Structure of the Report ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................ 5
Tourism in the State ............................................................................. ................................................................................................................ ................................... 9
Initial screening of the Tourism Circuits ...................................................................................... 20 3.1
Based on Secondary Secondary Research ............................................... .............................................................................................. ............................................... 20
State Government Government ....................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................. ........... 22
4.2
Ranked List of Tourism Circuits ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... 22
Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Priority Circuit ............................................ ............................................ 29
Existing Infrastructure Status ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 30 5.1
Template to Evaluate Infrastructure status/availability between Tourist Destinations ......... 30
5.2
Introduction to the Circuit 1 .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 31
5.3
Infrastructure Status .............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................. 35
5.4
Land under the DoT ....... ............................................................................. ....................................................................................................... ................................. 49
Breakup of the Projects ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... 64
6.2
Employment Employm ent Generation ................................................................................. ....................................................................................................... ...................... 67
Table 1: Snapshot of Kerala.................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... 8 Table 2: Domestic and International Tourists/visitors to Kerala ...................... .......................................................... .................................... 10 Table 3: District Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-D (January-December) ecember)............................................................ 12 Table 4: Destination wise Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) (January-December) ............................................. ............................................. 12 Table 5: Earnings from tourism t ourism in Rs. Crore ............................................................... ........................................................................................ ......................... 14 Table 6: Infrastructure scenario in Kerala............................................................................................. ............................................................................................. 15 Table 7: Road Network in i n the State ........................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ........... 16 Table 8: Availability of Accommodation Accommodation Facilities in Classified Hotels (2009) .................................. 18 Table 9: District-wise Distribution of Information Offices ............................................ .................................................................. ...................... 18 Table 10: Major Tourism Sites in the t he Circuit 1 .................................................................................... 23 Table 11: UDPFI Density Limits .......................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... 26 Table 12: Physical and Ecological Ecological Indicators .............................................................. ....................................................................................... ......................... 27 Table 13: Social and Demographic Demographic Indicators ............................................................. ...................................................................................... ......................... 28 Table 14: Political Economic Indicators ........................................................... ............................................................................................... .................................... 28 Table 15: Evaluation Criterion of Physical and Ecological Indicators ........................... ................................................. ...................... 29 Table 16: Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis ............................................................................... 29 Table 17: Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations ....... 30 Table 18: Sub-circuits within Circuit 1 with Primary and Secondary Hubs ......................................... 32 Table 19: Tourist arrivals in Circuit 1 Destinations in 2010 ................................................................. 34 Table 20: Snapshot of Kozhikode City ................................................................................................. ................................................................................................. 35 Table 21: Overview of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Malappuram Kozhikode-Malappuram Sub-Circuit ....................... 37 Table 22: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Wayanad Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit ............ 41 Table 23: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit ........................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................. ...................... 44 Table 24: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit .......... 47 Table 25: Land acquired by BRDC............................................. BRDC....................................................................................................... .......................................................... 49 Table 26: Land allotted for resorts by BRDC and current status .......................................................... 50 Table 27: Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding ......................... 54 Table 28: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects ................................................................. ............................................................................ ........... 65 Table 29: Estimated Employment Employment Generation in the Circuit ..................................................... ................................................................ ........... 67
Page | 1
List of Figures
Figure 1: Study Methodology ......................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ........................ 2 Figure 2: Kerala District Map .............................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................... 7 Figure 3: Growth rates for Kerala GSDP & per capita income in INR over 2000-01 to 2009-10 .......... 8 Figure 4: Comparison of overall growth rates for India & Kerala........................................................ 10 Figure 5: Comparison of Growth Growth Rates for Domes Domestic tic Tourism – Tourism – India & Kerala ............................... 10 Figure 6: Domestic tourist percentage percentage for India and Kerala ................................................................ 11 Figure 7: Seasonality Seasonality of International and Domestic Tourists iin n Kerala .............................................. .............................................. 11 Figure 8: Top Ten Sources for Domestic and International Tourists in 2009....................................... 13 Figure 9: Road map of Kerala............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 16 Figure 10: Railway network of Kerala.................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 17 Figure 11: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis.......................................................... Analysis..................................................................... ........... 25 Figure 12: Circuit 1 coverage coverage in terms of districts ............................................................................... ............................................................................... 32 Figure 13: Primary and secondary hubs considered for the Priority Circuit iin n Kerala ......................... 33 Figure 14: Contribution of Circuit 1 to Kerala tourism figures in 2010 ............................................... 34 Figure 15: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeMalappuram Sub-Circuit ............................................................ ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................... 39 Figure 16: Map of Destinations identified in Kozhikode- Malappuram Sub-Circuit ................ ........................... ........... 40 Figure 17: Destinations identified in i n Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit .............................................. .............................................. 42 Figure 18: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeWayanad Sub-Circuit ................................ ...................................................................................................... ............................................................................................ ...................... 43 Figure 19: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeKannur-Thalassery Kannur-Tha lassery Sub-Circuit ............................................................ ........................................................................................................... ............................................... 45 Figure 20: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kannur-Thalassery Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit ............................. 46 Figure 21: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kasargode Sub-Circuit ........................................... 48 Figure 22: Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Ka Kozhikode-Kasargode sargode Sub-Circuit .............................................. .............................................. 48
Page | 2
1. Introduction 1.1 Assignment Brief IL&FS Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (IL&FS IDC) has been appointed as the National Level Consultant by Ministry of Tourism, for identification of tourism circuits / destinations in the th
states and union territories (excluding states in the North East) for implementation in the 12 five year plan. The identified circuits / destinations are prop proposed osed to be developed in an integrated manner with financial assistance from the central government supported by appropriate involvements of the state governments and the private sector. This process has been initiated with the selection of existing/new tourist circuits (4 in each state and 2 in Union Territories). These circuits have been structured considering the length, duration and connectivity and finalised based on discussions with the tourism departments of the specific states. After the identification and prioritisation of these circuits, the next step is to identify the basic and tourism related infrastructural and promotional needs of the identified circuits, which are to be implemented on priority basis, along with the tentative cost estimates. These projects should be related to development of basic as well as tourism related infrastructure. Thereafter, Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) will be prepared by the State Level Consultant for the projects identified along with their financial projections.
1.2 Objectives of the Study The objectives of the current study include: 1) To identify the potential tourist circuits/destina circuits/destinations tions in the state of Kerala 2) To analyse the potential and carrying capacity of the identified tourist circuits/destinations and prioritise the same. same. 3) Assess the existing infrastructure infrastructure – – basic basic and tourism related - for the circuits/destinations. 4) To assess the interventions for improving the quantity and quality of basic and tourism infrastructure for prioritized circuits/destinations. 5) Identify infrastructural projects to be initiated by central/state/private sector
1.3 Approach and Methodology Figure 1 represents a flow diagram of the approach and methodology used for the present study. Based on primary and secondary sources, literature search and discussions with key stake holders (State Govt Govt and local tour & travel industry), the existing tourists‟ flow and orientation were studied. The existing and future potential and connectivity of the destinations were studied for an initial screening of the tourist circuits / destinations.
Page | 1
Initial Screening of Tourist Circuits
Short listing of the Circuits
Secondary Research Potential Popularity Connectivity
Discussion with Department of Tourism, representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders
Carrying Capacity Assessment
Identified Circuits along with Priority Circuit
Detailed Infrastructure Gap Assessment
Identification of Prospective Projects with Block Cost Estimates
Parameters Transport, Roads condition, Access to modes of transportation, Utilities, Accommodation, Way side amenities, Management of tourist attractions
Based on Stakeholder Consultations Reconnaissance survey
Final Report
Figure 1: Study Methodology After the initial screening, the circuits identified were discussed with the State Government (Department of Tourism), representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders. On the basis of these consultations, tourism circuits have been shortlisted. In order to t o understand existing capacity of the shortlisted circuits as well as destinations, a detailed carrying capacity assessment has been done. This assessment assessment is, primarily, based on the residential and tourist population densities of the town/cities. Based on the above exercise, four circuits have been identified and prioritised. The circuits have been prioritized after consultations consultations with the stakeholders and based on the popularity, tourists‟ flow pattern and perceived need for improvements/investments to basic and tourism infrastructure. In this report, the circuit identified as the priority circuit by the state government in terms of potential and requirement for infrastructure development development has been selected for further study. The assessment has been carried out to understand the significance of the identified sites from a tourist perspective and to map the availability of tourism infrastructure. The typical infrastructure
Page | 2
required includes facilities at entry-exit points, accommodation, accommodation, way-side amenities, physical & social infrastructure, public utilities as well as health & security. This assessment is based on reconnaissance survey done along the route, wayside and on site of the priority circuit. The focus of the assessment has been on the following foll owing areas: 1) Modes of Transport- airways, roadways and railways and access thereto 2) Road network 3) Utilities-power, water facility, etc 4) Accommodation 5) Way side amenities 6) Maintenanc Maintenancee and management management of built heritage/tourist attractions On the basis of the above assessment and discussions with stakeholders, an exercise has been carried out to identify tourism infrastructure gaps. Based on these gaps as well as the site potential, sustainable projects have been proposed along with indicative block costs. The proposed projects are intended to achieve the following objectives: 1) Products and activities proposed which will enhance the tourist inflow and will increase the duration of stay of tourists in the circuit as well as providing socio-economic benefits at a larger level. 2) Sustainable projects, which will attract different investors and private players to participate in tourism infrastructure developm development. ent.
1.4 Key findings For the state of Kerala, the following three circuits have been identified for integrated development based on discussions discussions with the Department Department of of Tourism, Kerala Kerala as summarised summarised below: below: 1. Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-WayanadKannur-Bekal 2. Circuit
Kollam- Pathanamthitta- Alappuzha 3. Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-VagamonThekkady- Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-G Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-Guruvayoor-Palak uruvayoor-Palakkad kad Based the carrying capacity assessment, tourism potential, need for infrastructure development and discussions with the Department of Tourism, Kerala, the Circuit 1 has been proposed as the Priority Circuit for the state of Kerala. Given the diversity of attractions and the spread of the Circuit 1 across 5 districts, Kozhikode has been selected as the primary hub for the circuit, while Kannur, Kalpetta and Kasargode / Bekal have been selected as the support hubs. The key findings of the study conducted are listed below in the form of the SWOT analysis carried out for the Priority Circuit (Circuit 1).
Page | 3
1.4.1
Strengths
Kozhikode, the primary hub, enjoys good connectivity with both Domestic and International destinations through air, rail and road. In addition most of the destinations enjoy good connectivity with Kozhikode and the support hubs such as Kannur, Kalpetta & Kasargod / Bekal. Wide diversity of tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations & scenic spots, wildlife & bird sanctuaries, sanctuarie s, backwaters, historical monuments, religious & cultural destinations etc with scope for development developme nt of specialised sub-circuits based on specific tourism assets : relatively well well developed private tourism sector and availability of accommodation accommodation facilities around the major hub and support hubs Established network of DTPCs created by the DoT in the main district headquarters for coordination of tourism development and providing tourist information Strategic tourism development initiatives in destinations such as Bekal for creating new tourism infrastructure assets. 1.4.2
Weaknesses
Lack of awareness regarding tourism destinations in north Kerala among International Tourists. Distance of destinations in North Kerala from current tourism hubs around Kochi and Trivandrum Need for better coordination of tourism development development between the DoT and governme government nt owner owning the tourism sites. Need for improving the tourism amenities and basic infrastructure in beach destinations in the circuit. There is heavy traffic seen on the roads connecting the tourism destinations which leads to increase in travel time and congestion. In addition, the approach roads to destinations are most 11.5 lane and also need more maintenance works. Lack of accommodation accommodation facilities near the tourism destinations away from the main urban areas & need for provision of good public convenience facilities both on route to the destinations and within the tourism destinations 1.4.3
Opportunities
Potential for development of the relatively less congested and cleaner beaches in the circuit Potential for development of destinations along the coastline of Kozhikode and Malappuram district extending from Ponnani to Kozhikode. This stretch has a combination of religious, historical and beach destinations along the NH-66 / the Tirur-Kadalundi road. Promotion of home stays and accommodation facilities for Domestic Tourists visiting the temples along the above stretch. This would help attract Domestic Tourists interested in religious tourism, from outside the current catchment area inside Kerala. Potential for development of the stretch of the Canoli canal between Kadalundi and Veliyamgode & the stretch between between the Korapuzha Korapuzha and Kallai rivers which which runs through Koz Kozhikode hikode as a waterway for tourists
Page | 4
Promotion of the destinations such as Kadalundi and Vallikunnu comprising mangrove forests and bird sanctuaries. sanctuaries. Develop infrastructure in under-developed scenic destinations & dam sites such as Kakkayam, Kattumala and Karappuzha. Promotion of unique cultural art forms such as Theyyam which are of interest to International Tourists and institutions such as Thunchan Parambu & Arakkal Palace. Promoting and enhancing the existing backwater cruises operating on the Valiyaparamba backwaterss by enhancing backwater enhancing infrastructure at the current current boat jetty facilities operated by BRDC Promote the development of city tours in major destinations such as Kozhikode, Kannur, etc. Development of adventure & trekking activities in identified areas near the hill stations, forest areas etc based on coordination between the DoT and land owning government. 1.4.4
Threats
Tourism inflow to Kerala is concentrated in central and south Kerala. In the absence of a strategic thrust to both marketing and infrastructure development, this situation would be expected to continue. Availability of adequate tourism manpower is a critical concern expressed by private players operating away from main urban areas Need to manage the increase in tourists visiting the beaches around the urban areas such as Kozhikode and Kannur to prevent environmen environmental tal degradation & waste managem management ent issue. Need to manage expected growth in backwater tourism in the Valiyaparamba Valiyaparamba backwaters and prevent environmental environmental degradation degradation as reported reported in the Vembanad Vembanad backwater backwater region Based on the above analysis, lists of proposed projects have been identified for the Priority Circuit (Circuit 1) along with an indicative range of block costs and possible sources of funding. The list of projects is detailed detailed in chapter 6 of the report.
1.5
Structure of the Report
This interim report, which covers the priority circuit identified for Kerala, has been divided into 6 sections. The next section of the report focuses on the profile of the State, especially in terms of infrastructure, tourism trends and key spots/sites. This is followed by sections explaining key parameters paramete rs for finalizing a circuit (Tourist profile/Carrying capacity/Safety/Sustainability), capacity/Safety/Sustainability), outcome of stakeholder discussions at centre and state, current status of circuits (based on site study undertaken) and infrastructure infrastructure gaps identified during the site visit. On the basis of this, assessm assessment ent of the level of adequacy of infrastructure will be done with respect to the existing infrastructure, increasing tourist inflow, destination popularity, types of tourists and seasonality. This approach will be able to assess and filling up the gaps (based on selective parameters) parameters) which categorizes the facilities available en route, way side and onsite. The study of the respective circuits is, primarily, based on visitors‟ approach towards destinations from the entry entry-exit -exit points. The latter sections of the
Page | 5
study report provides information on prospective projects in the circuits that can be taken up for infrastructural up-gradation. up-gradation. These projects have been proposed proposed on the basis of identified deficiencies and perceived need to accomm accommodate odate the tourist inflow into the t he circuits/destinations.
Page | 6
2. Introduction The state of Kerala was established in the year 1956, under the States Reorganization Act by merging the Malayalam speaking regions under the princely kingdoms of Travancore and Cochin with the Malabar district and Kasargode, South Kanara. Kerala is one of the four major southern states of India and shares boundaries with Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Figure 2: Kerala District Map (Source: www.mapsofindia.com)
The total population of Kerala is 3,33,87,677 persons which included 48 percent males and 52 percent females and contains about 3 per cent of the country's population. The population density of the state is about 859 people per square kilometers, three times the national average. The state is also one of the densest States in the t he country and it recorded a decadal population growth of +4.86 percent. Kerala, 1
with a sex-ratio (females per 1000 males) males) of 1084, is the only state in India with a positive figure .
Figure 3: Growth rates for Kerala GSDP & per capita income in INR over 2000-01 tto o 2009-10 Figure 3 shows that the state enjoys some of the highest growth rates in terms of state GSDP and per capita income. One of the key characteristics of the state economy is remittances from NRIs which is equivalent to 20 percent of the state GDP. A snapshot of Kerala summarising some of the important economic and demographic demographic features of the state is provided in the Table 1. Table 1: Snapshot of Kerala Category
Value
Capital
Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram)
Area in square kilometre
38,863
Number of revenue divisions Major cities
Number of districts- 14 Number of Talukas- 63 Number of towns- 520 Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram), Kochi (Cochin), Kozhikode (Calicut)
Population in million
31.8 (2001 census) 33.4 (2011 census provisional estimate)
Percentage of urban population of total (%)
47.7% (2011 census provisional estimate)
Literacy Rate (%)
93.9
GDP growth rate Airports
9.7% Trivandrum. Kochi, Kozhikode
Gross Domestic Product Net per capita income (current prices)
IT/ITES Tourism Commodity and cash crops Marine products handlooms and textiles Source: Economic Survey- 2010-11, Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Kerala
Page | 8
2.1 Tourism in the State The state of Kerala is one of the most popular tourism destinations in India. The state, promoted as “God‟s own country”, has various tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations, backwaters, national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. However, the key to tourism success has been its sustained marketing efforts and creation of new tourism products. As a result, Kerala has become a model for planned tourism development to other Indian states. For example National Geographic Traveller selected Kerala as one of the „50 must see destinations of a lifetime‟ lifetime ‟. The success of tourism marketing in Kerala can be attributed to a combination of factors: Clear identification and positioning of the tourism product & differentiating from other Indian states developing a basket of tourism activities Close coordination between the state agencies and private sector for tourism marketing aggressive promotion promotion & brand building to the target audience development developme nt of best practices and models for tourism development Introducing regulation and quality certification for tourism products 2.1.1
Major Tourism Destinations
Beaches- Kovalam, Varkala, Marari, Bekal, Kannur Backwaters- Kumarakom, Alappuzha, Kollam, Kochi, Kozhikode Hill stations- Munnar, Wayanad, Vagamon, Ponmudi Wildlife reserve r eservess – Periyar, Periyar, Eravikulam, Thattekad, Parambikulam One of the key contributors to Kerala‟s success has been in the development of tourism products instead of merely destinations. For example Kerala is closely associated with three major products namely, Ayurveda, Backwater cruises and beach holidays. These have been supported by development developme nt of subsidiary tourism products such as eco-tourism, adventure and wildlife tourism. 2.1.2
Trends in Tourist Arrivals
Kerala attracted around 92,54,340 tourists with around 85,95,075 Domestic Tourists & 6,59,265 International Tourists in 2010. The tourism figures for the last 5 years along with the associated growth rates are provided in the Table 2.
Page | 9
Table 2: Domestic and International Tourists/visitors to Kerala Category
Domestic
2005
2006
200 2007 7
2008
2009
2010
5,946,423
6,271,724
6,642,941
7,591,250
7,913,537
8,595,075
5%
6%
14%
4%
9%
Growth rate CAGR
7.6% over the 5 year period 2005-10
International
346,499
Growth rate
428,534
515,808
598,929
557,258
659,265
24%
20%
16%
-7%
18%
CAGR
13.7% over the 5 year period 2005-10
Total
6,292,922
Growth rate
CAG R
6,700,258
7,158,749
8,190,179
8,470,795
9,254,340
6%
7%
14%
3%
9%
8% ov ove er the 5 year year per per i od 2005-10
Source: Website of Department of Tourism, Kerala
20%
18%
18% 18% 16%
14%
14% 14%
11%
12%
9% 10% 8%
7%
6%
India Kerala
7%
6% 3%
4% 2% 0% 2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Figure 4: Comparison of overall growth rates for India & Kerala 20%
19%
18%
18% 16%
14%
14% 14% 12%
11%
10%
9% 7%
8% 6%
5%
India Kerala
6% 4%
4% 2% 0% 2 00 6
20 07
20 08
2 00 9
20 10
Figure 5: Comparison of Growth Growth Rates for Domestic Domestic Tourism Tourism – – India India & Kerala One of the important highlights for the tourism flow into Kerala is the relatively higher contribution of International Tourists. Domestic Tourists consist of around 93 percent of total tourism inflows in comparison to all India figures of around 99 percent as shown in Figure 6. It can be seen that the contribution of Domestic Tourists to the overall numbers in Kerala has come down by around 1.6 percentage points. It can also be observed that the growth rates for tourist inflow for Kerala have
Page | 10
lagged the overall national growth rates for the t he past 5 years. 100.0%
99.0%
99.0%
99.0%
99.1%
92.8%
92.7%
99.2%
99.2%
98.0%
96.0% 94.5%
93.6%
94.0%
93.4%
92.9%
India Kerala
92.0% 90.0%
88.0%
2005
2006
20 0 7
2008
2009
201 0
Figure 6: Domestic tourist tourist percentage for India and and Kerala A comparison of the growth rates for International Tourists is provided in the Figure 7 Error! eference source not found. . In this case, the trends for Kerala are reversed, in respect to the Domestic
visitors, with Kerala generally leading in terms of visitor growth rates except for 2009 when International visitor growth rates suffered due to the global financial crisis.
2.1.3 Seasonality The maximum inflow of tourists for both Domestic & International categories is seen in the months of
December and January. The seasonal trends are more pronounced with respect to International visitors. This is due to the fact that the highest inflows coincide with the traditional tourism season from October to March. It can be observed from the Figure 7; around 68 percent of the International tourist arrivals (annually) are concentrated in the period October to March. However, the seasonal skew in terms of Domestic tourism is much less with around 54 percent of the annual tourist arrivals concentrated concentrate d in the period October to March (considering 2009-10 figures).
Figure 7: Seasonality of International and Domestic Tourists in Kerala 2.1.4
Distribution
It can be observed from Table 3 that the Ernakulum district accounts for the largest inflow of tourists for both Domestic and International categories.
Page | 11
Table 3: District Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-Dece (January-December) mber) S. No 1.
District
International Tourists
Domestic Tourists
Alappuzha
41,977
183,416
2. 3.
Ernakulum Idukki
277,675 48,295
1,987,743 464,123
4. 5.
Kannur Kasargode
5,886 1,679
455,822 160,539
6.
Kollam
8,211
196,773
7. 8. 9.
Kottayam Kozhikkode
32,561 9,017
301,599 612,316
Malappuram
16,915
347,311
10.
Palakkad
1,270
359,961
11.
Pathanamthitta
829
82,470
12. 13.
Trivandrum Thrissur
204,049 4,326
1,160,640 1,874,211
14.
Wayanad
6,575
408,151
6,59,265
85,95,075
15. TOTAL Source: Department of Tourism, Kerala
The tourist inflow to Kerala is highly concentrated for both Domestic and International visitors. For Domestic visitors, around 58 percent of tourists are accounted by three districts namely Ernakulum, Thrissur and Trivandrum. For International visitors, two districts namely Ernakulum and Trivandrum account for around 73 percent of the total inflows. This is further reinforced by the destination wise tourist inflows provided in the Table 4. Table 4: Destination wise Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) (January-December) S. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
39. Meenkunnu-Payyambalam 40. Muzhuppilangad 41. Parassinikkadavu 42. Bekal 43. Not at any destination 44. Paravoor 45. Athirappalli 46. TOTAL Source: Department of Tourism, Kerala
Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, the states which share boundaries with Kerala, are the two largest sources of Domestic Tourists accounting for around 16 percent of the total Domestic tourist inflow. The top ten states by tourist origin accounted for 26 percent of the total Domestic Tourists in 2009, indicating diversity in origin source.
Figure 8: Top Ten Sources for Domestic and International International Tourists in 2009 In the case of International Tourists, the largest source countries are the United Kingdom (UK) and France. The top ten source countries accounted for 65 percent of the total International Tourists in 2009. The UK is the most significant tourism market for International visitors accounting for 26 percent of the total International Tourists coming to Kerala. 2.1.6
Revenue from Tourism
Tourism is an important contributor to the state‟s state‟s GSDP, GSDP, estimated to be around 8 percent of the total GSDP. The total estimated earnings from tourism in 2010 was around 17,348 crore as provided in the Table 5.
Page | 13
Table 5: Earnings from tourism in Rs. Crore S. No 1
Year 2005
Forex earnings 1552.3
Domestic earnings 4281.4
Total earnings generated (direct + indirect)
2
2006
1988.4
4891.4
9,126
3
2007
2640.9
5978.6
11,433
4
2008
3066.5
6832.1
13,130
5
2009
2853.2
7122.2
13,231
6
2010
3375.4
7736.6
17,348
7,738
Source: Department of Tourism, Kerala
2.1.7
State Government Agencies Associated with Tourism
a) Department of Tourism, Kerala
The Department of Tourism (DoT), Government of Kerala, is the apex body responsible for the 2
promotion and development development of tourism tourism in Kerala . The DoT is responsible for: Tourism strategy & development of overall tourism sector policy Marketing and promotion of tourism & participation in tourism related events Identification and development development of tourism destinations Market research and statistics for tourism Implementation Impleme ntation and administration of the above The DoT is supported in the above activities by the Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC), Tourism Resorts Kerala Limited (TRKL) and the District Tourism Promotion Councils (DTPC). b) Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC)
The Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC) was incorporated in 1965 and carries out commercial operations related to development of tourist accommodation and package tours. The properties operated operated by KTDC KTDC can be categorised categorised as: as: Classified hotels- 8 budget hotels- 7 motels- 13 Tamarind / Yatri Nivas hotels- 13 Restaurants and beer parlours- 20 restaurants – restaurants – 4 4 Boat clubs- 4 c) Tourist Resort Kerala Ltd (TRKL)
Tourist Resort Kerala Ltd (TRKL) was incorporated in 1989 and is the agency meant for joint venture projects which include include four hotel projects projects at Varkala, Kumarakom, Kumarakom, Thekkady and Ernakulam Ernakulam with with Taj Hotels.
2
www.keralatourism.org
Page | 14
d) Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC)
The Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC) was formed in 1995 to develop Bekal and adjoining areas in Kasargode district as an International beach tourism destination. The BRDC is responsible for the development of basic infrastructure in the designated area as well as allotting land to private partners for tourism development. e) District Tourism Promotion Councils (DTPC)
The District Tourism Promotion Councils (DTPC) undertakes the responsibility of conceptualising, developing and marketing tourism products at the local level. There are 14 DTPCs responsible for promoting tourism in each of the districts. The DTPC also monitor tourism quality standards and collect tourism related data.
2.2 Infrastructure Table 6Error! Reference source not found. provides a summary of the infrastructure scenario across he state in terms t erms of transportation & connectivity, power etc. Table 6: Infrastructure scenario scenario in Kerala Sector Roads
Status
Key initiatives
Category National Highways
2009-10 1535
Implementation of the Kerala State Transport Project comprising highway up-gradation in two
State Highways Major District Roads
4341.6 18900
phases of 254 km (phase I) and 326 km (phase II)
All Roads
24776.6
construction of 48 out of 65 rail over-bridges approved by the railways for Kerala development of 290 km of roads under various schemes
Railways
Total rail length of 1199 km in 200910
Initiating the development of the integrated railway coach factory at Kanjikode for which the state government has allotted 426 acres of land. The work on the coach factory in Palakkad is progressing with the project being taken up as PPP. The coach factory entails an investment of Rs. 5000 crore in the first phase. Proposed introduction of MEMU trains servicing major railway stations.
Airports
Three airports operating at Trivandrum, Kochi and Kozhikode.
proposed development of airport at Kannur on PPP basis
Ports
One major port (Cochin Port) under the government of India and 17 minor ports under the state government.
proposed development of the minor ports at Thangassery, Azhikkal and Beypore on PPP basis
41 navigable rivers in Kerala with total length of inland waterways being 1687 km
Declaration of the Kollam – Kottapuram stretch of the West Coast Canal along with Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals (total of 205 km) as the National Waterway 3
Inland water transport
Development of the Rs. 6000 crore Vizhinjam International Deepwater Port on PPP basis
Grant in aid of Rs. 225 crore by the 12th Finance Commission to Kerala for development of inland water ways for the period 2006-10. The phase I program comprises deepening of the existing
Page | 15
Sector
Status
Key initiatives
canal, side protection works and phase II program comprises construction of boat jetties and aprons, reconstruction of bridges and formation of canals in the uncut portion. Power
Installed generation capacity of 2,746 MW with public sector accounting for 90% of capacity.
Total additional capacity of around 419 MW through ongoing and proposed projects
Source: Economic Survey of Kerala, 2010-11
a) Roads
Kerala has 151,652 km of road length with nearly 1,457 km of National Highways. The state is wellconnected to its neighbouring states and other ot her parts of India through n nine ine National Highways3. Figure 15Error! Reference source not found. shows the road network in Kerala. Table 7: Road Network in the State Road Type
Road Length (km)
National Highways
1,457
State Highway
4,341
District Road 18,900 Sources: Economic Review of Kerala, 2010, Annual Report 2010-11, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways Highways
Figure 9: Road map of Kerala Kerala (Source: www.mapsofindia.com)
3
www.ibef.org
Page | 16
b) Rail
Kerala has a total rail length of around 1200 kilometres with the railway network falling under the Southern Railway which covers Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry and parts of Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. Railway divisions at Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad and Madurai jointly carry out railway operations in the state (source: www.ibef.org). The rail network of Kerala is shown in the Figure 10.
Figure 10: Railway network of Kerala c) Airports
(Source: www.mapsofindia.com)
Kerala has three major International airports at Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kochi (Cochin) and Kozhikode (Calicut) (Calicut) airport. In addition, the Government Government of Kerala is proposing to develop an International airport at Kannur. There are also plans to develop an airstrip near Bekal in Kasargode for catering to charter flights. 2.2.1
Tourist Accommodation
There were around 312 classified hotels in Kerala, with around 8,648 rooms in 2009 as shown in the Table 8.
Page | 17
Table 8: Availability of Accomm Accommodation odation Facilities in Classified Hotels (2009) Town-wise Distribution
No. Hotels)
5 StarDeluxe
5Star
4Star
3Star
2Star
1Star
Aptt. Hotel
Time Share Resort
Heri tage
UnClassified
Total
2
8
15
189
71
5
1
0
6
15
312
172
616
856
5042
1233
173
58
0
56
442
8648
of
No. of Rooms
Source: Ministry of Tourism, Government of India 2.2.2
Information Centres
There are a number of information centres run by the DoT both inside and outside Kerala as provided below: a) Outside Kerala
The DoT runs six information centres in various states across India. The major centres where the information offices of the DoT are located include Chennai, New Delhi, Mysore, Goa, Mumbai and Kolkata. In addition the information on Kerala tourism is available at the India Tourism offices located across India. b) In Kerala
Information offices are located at the major transport interchanges such as bus stations, railway stations and airports and at the DTPC offices in each district. In addition the information on Kerala tourism is also provided in the KTDC Tourist Reception Centres. The number of information offices in each tourism destination is summarised below: S. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Table 9: District-wise Distribution of Information Offices District Number of Information Offices Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvanantha puram (Trivandrum) 7 Kollam 3 Pathanamthitta 2 Alappuzha 2 Kottayam 2 Idukki 2 Ernakulum 5
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Thrissur Palakkad Malappuram Kozhikode Wayanad Kannur Kasargode Total
2 1 1 3 3 2 2 37
Source: www.keralatourism.org
2.2.3
Wayside Facilities
Wayside centres providing facilities for food & beverages, rest rooms etc are important support infrastructure for tourists. While hotels and restaurants are readily available for tourists across the state, this is not the case for wayside facilities providing for rest rooms. KTDC is the largest player in
Page | 18
this space, with around 13 motels under the Motel Araam brand. In terms of geographic distribution, around 75 percent of the facilities f acilities are located in between Trivandrum and Kochi. The DoT is trying to promote the development of around 250 wayside amenities across the state with 4
private entrepreneurs entrepreneurs under the Vazhiyoram scheme . Based on the statistics published in the DoT website, there are around 13 such Vazhiyoram centres operational operational currently.
3. Initial screening of the Tourism Circuits 3.1 Based on Secondary Research On the basis of the t he discussions with the state tourism department and stakeholder stakeholder interactions with the travel and tour industry, the following major tourism themes were identified. Ayurveda- Kochi, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Trivandrum Beaches- Kovalam, Varkala, Marari, Bekal, Kannur Backwaters- Kumarakom, Alappuzha, Kollam, Kochi, Kozhikode Hill stations- Munnar, Wayanad, Vagamon, Ponmudi Wildlife reserve r eservess – Periyar, Periyar, Eravikulam, Thattekad, Parambikulam Heritage- Fort Kochi & Mattanchery, Kozhikode, Trivandrum
3.2 Key Parameters An exercise was further carried out to identify and prioritise four circuits from the above circuits. The key parameters on the basis of which the prioritisation of circuits has been carried out are summarised summarised below. 3.2.1
Tourist Profile
The type of tourist visiting a destination depends on the nature of destination. They can be broadly categorized into Domestic and International Tourists. This further affects the physical and socioeconomic development development of a destination as spending patterns determine the related multiplier effects. It also governs the type and scale of infrastructure require required. d. According to the estimates available from Department of Tourism, Kerala, the average expenditure per day of International Tourists is the state is Rs. 3600 with a length of stay of 16 days while in case of Domestic Tourists; it is Rs. 1800 wherein length of stay is 6 days. While Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are the two largest sources of Domestic Tourists, in the case of International Tourists, the largest source countries are the United Kingdom (UK) and France. 3.2.2
Capacity and Sustainability 5
The carrying capacity assessment and sustainability of tourism in the circuits identified is an important component of the study as it will form the basis for resource allocation and future development. The carrying capacity assessment has been done separately for the circuits, based on city population (resident), population density and tourist population and density (floating (fl oating population). The estimation has been done by comparing the total density with the city density norms for small, medium and large town / cities set by Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI). Only such places have been considered that can offer a sustainable value
5
Carrying capacity is defined as maximum number of individuals than a given environment can support without any adverse impact on it.
Page | 20
proposition to the tourists such that when tourism products are offered in those places, they can be maintained as well. 3.2.3
Travel and Tour
Generally, tour operators organize trips in such a way that only popular sites can be covered in a given period of time. This practice creates more pressure on such destinations. Therefore, while selecting the circuits, attempts have been made to promote the sites situated around these popular / saturated destinations which are relatively less developed. 3.2.4
Safety
Tourist safety has been considered and attempts have been made not to incorporate any such destination which is already adversely affected in terms of law and order.
Page | 21
4. Stakeholder Consultation 4.1 State Government After the initial identification of tourism circuits, discussions were held with the officials of the DoT, Kerala and other stakeholders for short-listing the three priority circuits. Based on the discussions, the following tourism circuits and destinations have been identified for further study. Three Major Tourism Circuits
1) Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-WayanadKannur-Bekal 2) Circuit
Kollam- Pathanamthitta- Alappuzha 3) Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-VagamonThekkady- Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-G Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-Guruvayoor-Palak uruvayoor-Palakkad kad Tourism Park
The DoT has currently identified the following areas for the potential development of Tourism Parks as summarised below. Vagamon, Vagam on, Idukki districtdi strict- The Department of Tourism owns about 100 acres of land at Vagamon which can be developed into an eco-destination focusing paragliding, camping sites, ayurvedic resorts etc Karappuzha Dam: Dam: Karappuzha dam located in Wayanad district is a beautiful site having potential of developing as the tourism hub of Wayanad. More than 300 acres of public land in the form of islands is available for developing tourism products and infrastructure here. Rural Tourism
The DoT has identified the following areas for the development of the rural tourism cluster as indicated below: Idayar Island, Thiruvallam near Trivandrum Anthakaranazhy Anthakarana zhy in Alappuzha district Koorachundu-Peruvannam KoorachunduPeruvannamuzhi uzhi in i n Kozhikode district Malarikkall in Kottayam district Malarikka
4.2 Ranked List of Tourism Circuits As described in the previous sections, the tourism circuits identified for development development are summarised summarised below. The Circuit Circuit 1 has subsequently subsequently been selected selected as the priority circuit to be sstudied. tudied. 1) Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-WayanadKannur-Bekal
Kollam- Pathanamthitta- Alappuzha 3) Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-VagamonThekkady- Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-G Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-Guruvayoor-Palak uruvayoor-Palakkad kad The Circuit 1 destinations spread out across five districts of Kerala. The base for the tourism circuit would be Kozhikode city with Kannur as a subsidiary base. The major destinations in the Circuit 1 are summarized summariz ed in the Table 10 below. Table 10: Major Tourism Sites in the Circuit 1 Base town
Tourist Destinations
District
Site function / Characteristic
Kozhikode
Kozhikode
Kozhikode
Hub for entry, stay and exit
Kozhikode beach Beypore port
Kozhikode Kozhikode
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Feroke
Kozhikode
Tourism destination
Kappad beach
Kozhikode
Tourism destination
Peruvannamoozhi
Kozhikode
Tourism destination
Kakkayam Thusharagiri
Kozhikode Kozhikode
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Vadakara Kottakal
Kozhikode Malappuram
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Vandoor
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Thiroor
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Thirunavaya
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Nila
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Ponnani
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Kondotti
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Thirurangadi
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Kadalundi Connolly‟s plot museum Adayanpara
Malappuram
Tourism destination
Malappuram
Tourism destination
&
teak
Malappuram
Kalpetta/ Sultan
Kalpetta
Wayanad
Secondary hub after Kozhikode
Bathery
Lakkidi Pookot lake Soochipara waterfall
Wayanad Wayanad Wayanad
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Chembra peak Edakkal caves
Wayanad Wayanad
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Jain temple at Kalpetta
Wayanad
Tourism destination
Sultan Bathery
Wayanad
Muthanga wildlife sanctuary Mananthavady
Wayanad Wayanad
Thirunelly temple Begur wildlife sanctuary
Wayanad Wayanad
Secondary hub for night stay & accommodation Tourism destination Tourism destination and hu hub b for night stay & accommodation Tourism destination Tourism destination
Kuruva island
Wayanad
Tourism destination
Pazhassi tomb Karapuzha dam
Wayanad Wayanad
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Page | 23
Base town
Tourist Destinations
District
Site function / Characteristic
Kannur
Kannur town
Kannur
Secondary hub after Kozhikode
Muzhuppilangad beach Payyambalam beach
Kannur Kannur
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Meenkunnu beach
Kannur
Tourism destination
St. Anjelo‟s fort
Kannur
Tourism destination
Pythal mala
Kannur
Tourism destination
Parassinikadavu Aralam wild life sanctuary
Kannur Kannur
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Pazhassi dam Arakkal kettu
Kannur Kannur
Tourism destination Tourism destination
Ezhimala
Kannur
Tourism destination
Rajarajeswara temple
Kannur
Tourism destination
Gundert bungalow
Kannur
Night stay and accommodation in addition to Kannur Tourism destination
Thalassery fort
Kannur
Tourism destination
Overbury‟s folly
Kannur
Tourism destination
Dharmadam beach & island
Kannur
Tourism destination
Kasargode town
Kasargode
Secondary hub after Kozhikode
Bekal fort & Bekal beach
Kasargode
Tourism destination
Valiyaparamba / Kavvayi backwaters
Kasargode
Tourism destination
Ranipuram hill station
Kasargode
Tourism destination
Kappil beach
Kasargode
Tourism destination
Kasargode
Kasargode
Tourism destination
Kannur Thalassery
Kasargode
/
Thalassery
4.3 Carrying Capacity Analysis Tourism carrying capacity (TCC) is defined as „the maximum number of people that may visit the tourist destination without causing destruction of the physical, economic and socio cultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors‟ satisfaction.‟ satisfaction.‟ (Alvin Chandy, 2009). The aassessment aassessment of TCC is based on three major indicators: Physical-Ecological Socio-Demographic Political- Economic. Physical and Ecological Indicators Indicators are based on fixed components (ecological capacity, assimilative capacity) and flexible components (infrastructure systems like water supply, electricity, transportation, etc). Socio -demographic Indicators Indicators refer to social and demographic issues and importance to local communities, as they relate to the presence and growth of tourism. Some of these can be expressed in quantitative terms but most require suitable socio- psychological research.
Page | 24
Political-economicc Indicators refer Political-economi Indicators refer to the impacts of tourism on local economic structures, activities, etc. including competition to other sectors. The objective of the interventions intended by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India is to improve the quality and quantity of tourism infrastructure at tourist destinations/circuits in a sustainable manner. Hence, Hence, for the purposes of this report the primary focus would be on the t he Physical and Ecological Indicators. It is expected that improvement in physical infrastructure at destinations/circuits would translate into improvements in the socio-demographic and politicaleconomic conditions of these places.
Figure 11: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis The methodology for evaluating the available carrying capacity for the tourist destinations is illustrated in the Figure 11 and is described below. I.
Calculation of Existing Load (LEXISTING )
This is done by calculating the following: a) Resident Population Density (β RP RP ) : This was derived by dividing the existing resident
population of the tourist tourist town by its area in hectares (ha.) (ha.) b) D omestic T To ouri ur i st D De ensity (β DT DT ) : This was derived as follows:
Step Ste p 1. Domestic Tourist Arrival (TD): Domestic tourist arrivals during peak season (days) was determined.
Step Ste p 2. Domestic Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TDSP): Domestic tourist arrival arrival was multiplied by average number number of days of tourist stay at that t hat tourist town. TDSP = TD * Stay Average Days
Page | 25
Step Ste p 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season ( αDSP ): This was evaluated by diving the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days comprising the peak season αDSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season
Step Ste p 4. Domestic Tourist Density ( β DT ) : This was evaluated by diving Average number of DT tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist ttown own in hectares. β DT DT = αPS / Area c) F or ei gn Tou Tourr ist De Density nsity (β F T ) : This was derived as follows:
Step Ste p 1. Foreign Tourist Arrival (TF): Foreign tourist arrivals during peak season (days) was determined
Step Ste p 2. Tourist stay days in peak seasons (T FSP): Foreign tourist arrival was multiplied multiplied by average number number of day of stay for tourist at that tourist town. TFSP = TF * Stay Average Days
Step Ste p 3. Average number of tourist staying staying per day during peak season(αFSP) : This was evaluated by diving the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days comprising the peak season αFSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season
Step Ste p 4. Foreign Tourist Density: This was evaluated by diving Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares hectares.. ΒF T = αPS / Area Aggregate Peak Density (APD) = = Resident Resident Population Population Density + Density + Domestic Domestic Tourist Tourist Density + Density +
Foreign Tourist Tourist Density APD
= β RP RP + β DT DT + β F T
Existing Load (LEXISTING) = = Aggregate Aggregate Peak Peak Density Density * * Area Area of the town LEXISTING = APD * Area II. Estimation of Carrying Capacity (CC) a. UDPFI Density (DUDPFI): The Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation
Guidelines (UDPFI, 1996) guidelines classifies the towns on the basis of population as follows: S. No
Towns
Table 11: UDPFI Density Limits Population Upper Limit Density (PPH)
1
Small Town
Less than 50000
125
2
Medium Town
50000 - 500000
150
3
Large City
More than 500000
150
4 5
Metro Cities Small Hill Town
6
Medium Hill Town
175 20000
75
20000-80000
90
More than 80000
90
7 Large Hill Town Source: UDPFI Guidelines, 1996
Page | 26
The densities suggested by the UDPFI guidelines as shown in the Table 11 are for the standard cases. Tourist towns which vary from highly eco-sensitive sanctuaries to highly dense pilgrimage places have specific characteristics and carrying capacities. Thus, UDPFI densities need to be adjusted to account for these factors, which which is done with the help of Normalizing Density (№) (№) Normalizing Density (№) (№)
Normalizing density density is evaluated evaluated as follows: 1. Sites were evaluated evaluated on a normalizing normalizing index (Ni) of range -10 to +10
Negative Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed on a conservative conservative scale (i.e. for example places which are ecologically sensitive). Positive Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed at higher values than prevailing such as pilgrimage towns etc. 2. The values of the indices were evaluated based on a qualitative assessment with respect to the
Physical – Physical – Ecological Ecological indicators. The indicators which were assessed assessed for the category wise tourist places are summarized summarized in Table 12: Table 12: Physical and Ecologica Ecologicall Indicators Physical – Ecological Physical – Ecological Indicators
Biodiversity
Thematic Areas Coastal Area
Islands
Protected Areas
Rural Areas
Mountain Resorts
Air Quality Noise Pollution
Urban, Historic
Pilgrimage Place
Availability of Power Water
Waste Management
Cultural heritage
Tourist Infrastructure
Land Availability
Quality of Transport Infrastructure
Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens. Destinations.Athens.
Normalizing Density (№) was calculated by multiplying a factor of 10pph by the Normalizing index.
Normalizing Density Density (№) = 10* Ni Ni (The value of 10pph was derived by establishing the boundary conditions of lower and upper sustainable densities for tourist towns of the relevant categories. To establish the lower limit, reference was made to the capacity norms cited by World Tourism Organization WTO (Inskeep, 1991).. The upper limit was established by determining the densities for saturated tourist towns.) 1991)
Page | 27
The Normalizing index (Ni) was evaluated as follows: Each of the applicable indicators for the corresponding thematic area (to which the tourist destination/circuits belong) was ranked on a scale of 0-10. The average of the indicators would give the t he value of the Normalizing index (Ni). Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) was calculated by summing up the Upper Limit of the relevant
UDPFI density with the t he Normalizing Density Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) = DUDPFI + № № Carrying Capacity (CC) was calculated by multiplying the carrying capacity density with the Area
of the respective town in hectares. Carrying Capacity (CC) = CCD * Area of Town Available Capacity was finally evaluated by finding the difference between the Carrying Capacity of
the tourist town and the Existing Load in the town. Available Capacity = Carrying Capacity (CC) - Existing Load (LEXISTING)
Table 13: Social and Demogra Demographic phic Indicators Social Demographic Indicators
Coastal Area
Demography
Tourist Flows Social Behavioral Aspects Health Hygiene Safety
Islands
Thematic Areas Protected Rural Mountain Areas Areas Resorts
&
&
Urban & Historic
Pilgrimage Place
Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens. Destinations.Athens. Political Economic Indicators
Table 14: Political Economic Indicators Thematic Areas
-
Tourism Earnings and Investment Employment
Coastal Area
Islands
Protected Areas
Rural Areas
Mountain Resorts
Urban & Historic
Pilgrimage Place
Public Expenditure and Revenue Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens Destinations.Athens
Page | 28
Table 15: Evaluation Criterion of Physical and Ecological Indicators Physical – Ecological Indicators Physical – Biodiversity
Evaluation Criterion Threatened species, Protected areas as a percent of territory and type of ecosystem Population exposure to air pollution - Sox & Nox emission intensities Sensitivity to noise pollutions. Allowable decibels limit if specified. Hours of regular power supply from all energy sources. Intensity of Use of water resources. Drinking water availability
Air Quality Noise Pollution Availability of Power Water
@135lpcd. Generation of waste, Movement of hazardous waste, Availability of waste management system Cultural & Heritage Listed Buildings and scheduled ancient monuments at risk. No. of community heritage groups active. Cultural traditions and communities which are at a risk of getting extinct. Tourist infrastructure Availability of tourist infrastructure such as on site accommodation, wayside amenities, signages, restaurants, public convenience, petrol pumps etc. Land Availability Area of Land available for tourism development. Quality of Transport Infrastructure Inter and Intra city transport connectivity in tourist towns. Availability of Last Mile connectivity. Source: White V.,M. G. (2006). Indicators of Sustainibility and Sustainable Tourism: Some Example Sets. Aberdeen: The Macaulay Institute. Waste Management
4.4 Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Priority Circuit Using the mentioned methodology, the carrying capacity of North Regional Circuit, consisting Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-Wayanad-Kannur-Bekal was analyzed. The results of the analysis are summarized summarized in the t he Table 16. Table 16: Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis Tourist Town
Existing Load
Carrying Capacity
Available Capacity
Estimating Load
2010
Carrying Capacity
Available Capacity
2020
Kozhikode
705295
2172040
1466745
804533
2172040
1367507
Kannur
77075
143390
66315
81260
143390
62130
Kalpetta
38514
468510
429996
52009
468510
416501
Table 16 shows that cities such as Kozhikode and Kalpetta has more carrying capacity and prospects of tourism related development development than Kannur.
Page | 29
5. Existing Infrastructure Status An assessment of tourism infrastructure between major tourist destinations has been done. The template for infrastructure gap assessment is as presented in Table 17. Each of the destinations and their en-route stretches stretches have been assessed assessed and rated rated on a scale of A, B, C,D and and E wherein, A denotes „Very Good‟, B denotes „Good‟, C denotes „Fair‟, D denotes „Bad‟ and E denotes „Very Bad‟. The infrastructure assessment sheets are presented as Annexure-II.
5.1 Template to Destinations
Evaluate
Infrastructure
status/availability
between
Tourist
Table 17: Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations Route Destination Enroute/ Onsite
E nroute
Parameters
D i stance stance i n km Approa App roach ch R oad
Components
Rating
Remarks
Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E)
Transport
Modes Used by tourists
(more specific to transport Availability (A-E) access to tourist destinations fr fro om vari ous parts of ccity) ity) Waysid Waysi de Ameni Amenities ties
Restaurants availability Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability Public Convenience availability
D i rection rection Signage Si gnagess (I nside Sufficiency (A-E)
On Si te
the to directing the touristcity destinations)
Languages
L and owne ownerr shi ship p of the Si te
N.A
C i ty/T ty/T own own Accom A ccommo moda datition on
Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E)
D ri nking Wat Water facility facility
Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E)
Solid Sol id Wast Waste e Manage Managem ment E le lect ctrr i city Parking
A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking
Page | 30
Route Destination Enroute/ Onsite
Parameters
Components
Rating
Remarks
Area of this land (approx)
T ou ourr i st I nformation nformation Centre Centress
Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E)
T r aine ained d G ui uid des I nforma nformation Si gnages gnages
Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages
Sea Se ating/ R esting sting
Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
P ub ublilicc Conv C onve enie ni ence Shop Sho ps/ K iosks
5.2 Introduction to the Circuit 1 The destinations in the Circuit 1 are located across five major districts in North Kerala, namely Kozhikode, Malappuram, Wayanad, Kannur and Kasargode . The tourism destinations identified
consist of a number of major and emerging tourism destinations. The city of Kozhikode is the natural entry point and hub for the destinations in Circuit 1. Given the geographic spread of the tourism destinations, there are other towns in the districts which would be secondary hubs cum accommodation points in addition to Kozhikode. It may be noted that all the tourism destinations identified, would come within 150-200 kilometres from Kozhikode. The overall coverage of the destinations is provided in the Figure 12. Due to the number of tourism destinations covered in the Circuit 1, the identified destinations have been further broken down into further groups as indicated below. The analysis in terms of infrastructure gaps and indicative projects has been carried based on these groups with Kozhikode as the primary hub and secondary hubs such as Kannur, Kalpetta and Bekal / Kasargode.
Page | 31
Figure 12: Circuit 1 coverage coverage in terms terms of districts
S.No
Table 18: Sub-circuits within Circuit 1 with Primary and Secondary Hubs Sub-circuit Primary hub Secondary hub
1.
Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit
Kozhikode
-
2.
Kozhikode- Wayanad sub-circuit
Kozhikode
Kalpetta
3.
Kozhikode – Kannur- Thalassery sub-
Kozhikode
Kannur
Kozhikode
Kasargode / Bekal
circuit 4.
Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit
Page | 32
Figure 13: Primary and secondary hubs considered for the Priority Circuit in i n Kerala
Bekal
Kannur
Kalpetta
Kozhikode
5.2.1
Major Tourism Products
The major tourism products in the Circuit 1 can be categorised as given below. Beaches – Beaches – Bekal, Bekal, Kozhikode, Kannur, Thalassery Religious destinations / pilgrimage – major temples such as Thirunavaya, Parassinikadavu, Pazhayangadi mosque etc Hill stations & scenic spots – Ranipuram, Paithalmala, waterfalls & lakes in Wayanad, Nilambur Wildlife sanctuaries and parks – parks – Wayanad, Wayanad, Kannur Historical / heritage / cultural – Bekal fort, Thunchan memorial, Pazhassi tomb, Arakkal museum, St. Angelo‟s fort etc etc Backwaters- Kovvayi- Valiyaparamba backwaters between Kannur and Nileswaram 5.2.2
Tourist Arrivals
The breakups of tourist arrivals for the destinations in Circuit 1 are provided in the Table 19.
Page | 33
Destination Malappuram
Kozhikode Wayanad Kannur Kasargode
Table 19: Tourist arrivals in Circuit 1 Destinations in 2010 Domestic International 347,311 16,915 612,316 9,017 408,151 6,575 455,822 5,886 160,539 1,679
Total 364,226
621,333 414,726 461,708 162,218
Source: Department of Tourism, Kerala The relative contribution of the tourism destinations in Circuit 1 to the overall tourist numbers for Kerala is indicated in Error! Reference source not found.14. The net contribution of north Kerala to the total tourism traffic is around 22percent which is low considering that the region covers 5 out of 14 districts of Kerala. It can be seen that the relative contribution for International Tourists is just around 6 percent of the total International Tourist inflow into Kerala. Domestic Tourists contribute around 98 percent of the total tourists coming to north Kerala compared to around 93percent for Kerala overall. The above statistic reinforces the need to develop and promote north Kerala as a tourism destination in addition to the current tourism hotspots of south and central Kerala.
8.0%
Domestic % 7.1% 7.0%
International %
6.7%
Total % 6.0%
5.3% 5.0%
5.0%
4.7% 4.5% 4.0%
4.0%
3.0%
3.9%
2.6% 1.9% 1.8%
2.0%
1.4% 1.0%
1.0%
0.9% 0.3%
0.0% K A NNUR
K A S A RGO D
K O Z HI K O DE
MA LA PPURA M
W A YA NA D
Figure 14: Contribution of Circuit 1 to Kerala tourism figures in 2010 The development of the North Kerala circuit is expected to provide the following benefits: enable the creation of new tourism assets and products in North Kerala promote private sector tourism investment in North North Kerala reduce the load and manage issues of overcapacity in the case of the Central and Southern Kerala spread the benefits of tourism more broadly across the state
Page | 34
5.3 Infrastructure Status Site
visits
have
been
conducted
for
the
destinations identified in Circuit 1 with a gap assessment
carried
out
for
identified
infrastructure categories. The gap assessment has been done on a qualitative basis for the following infrastructure categories summarized
Kozhikode
below: 1) Transport and connectivity 2) Utilities such as power, water, etc 3) Accommodation 4) Way side amenities 5) Maintenance
and
management
of
built
heritage/tourist attractions The city of Kozhikode would be the major hub and entry / exit point to the Circuit 1. Keeping this in view, the Priority Circuit has been broken up into the following sub-circuits, which would be linked to Kozhikode. 1. Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit 2. Kozhikode- Wayanad sub-circuit 3. Kozhikode Kozhikode – – Kannur Kannur- Thalassery sub-circuit 4. Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit 5.3.1
Kozhikode
The city of Kozhikode (Calicut) is the third largest urban centre in Kerala and the largest urban centre in north Kerala. The city is renowned for its rich maritime heritage with ancient ports such as Beypore and Kappad, where Vasco da Gama made his first landing in 1498. The Kozhikode railway station is the major railway station in north Kerala and the Karipur International airport is located around 28 kilometers from Kozhikode. A snapshot of Kozhikode is provided in the Table 20.
S.No
Category
Table 20: Snapshot of Kozhikode City Description / Parameter
1.
Area
128 square kilometers
2.
Population
3.
Number of wards wards
2.03 million in Kozhikode urban area as per provisional figures of 2011 census 75
Page | 35
S.No
4.
Category
Accessibility
Description / Parameter
Karipur airport which is an International airport - 28 kilometers from city centre Kozhikode railway station- 1 kilometer from city centre well connected road network state highways and national highways such as NH-17, NH-212 & 213 connecting Kozhikode with the rest of India
5.
Major tourism destinations
Kozhikode beach Kappad beach Mananchira square Beypore port Thusharagiri Thusharag iri water falls Kadalundi bird sanctuary
6.
Accommodation Accomm odation
There are more than 30 hotels in Kozhikode ranging from 5 star hotels to budget hotels.
Source: Kozhikode Corporation & Kerala Tourism 5.3.2
The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the districts of Kozhikode and Malappuram. Based on the discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 17 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit. These destinations have been classified based on importance as high, medium and minor. The primary hub is Kozhikode. The majority of the destinations are located within 50-60 kilometres from Kozhikode with Ponnani, in Malappuram district, being the farthest at around 85 kilometres. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit for the sites / destinations identified. An overview of the tourist destinations in the Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit is provided in Table 21.
Page | 36
No
1.
Table 21: Overview of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Malappuram Sub-Circuit Sub-Circuit Destination Relative Comments importance Vadakara Minor one of the ancient ancient centres centres for Kalaripayattu, the martial tradition of Kerala Sand banks peninsula where the Moorad / Kottakal River meets the sea , located 3 km from the town with an area maintained by the municipality as a
2.
Kappad beach
High
3.
Kozhikode beach
High
4.
Beypore
High
5.
Feroke
Medium
point to view the sunset. There is a beach opposite the Sand banks named the silent beach. Beach where Vasco Da Gama landed in India commemorated by a monument potential for development development as a beach destination with resorts already developed Located around 2 kilometres from the city centre and a popular destination for Domestic Tourists with a marine aquarium old maritime port for Kerala beach destination alongside port which has been recently renovated and is a popular destination for Domestic Tourists remains of a fort built by Tipu Sultan and maintained by the ASI currently a well and a small magazine building remain
6.
Kadalundi
High
Location of a bird sanctuary near the spot where the Kadalundi river meets the sea potential for eco-tourism eco-tourism and adventure adventure sports
7.
Tirurangadi
Minor
8.
Tirur
Medium
associated with the freedom struggle and the wagon tragedy under the British rule Important as the birth place of Thunchath Ezhuthachan considered as the father of Malayalam literature and the Thunchan Paramba memorial Thunjan utsavam festival for arts and literature held on an annual basis
9.
Ponnani
High
10.
Thirunavaya
Medium
Tidal mouth where the Bharathapuzha River and the Tirur River meet with the sea. It is also a nesting place for migratory migratory birds. The Biyyam Kayal is a waterway with boating facilities provided by the DTPC Location for a number of ancient temples and mosques location of the Thirunavaya temple which is a major centre for religious pilgrims famous as the location where the Mamankam th festival was held till the 18 century currently a martial arts festival based on Kalaripayattu is held on an annual basis
Page | 37
No
Destination
11.
Kottakal
Relative importance Medium
12.
Kondotty
Medium
13.
Vandoor
Minor
14.
Nilambur
High
Comments
Centre for the Arya Vaidya Sala facility where traditional Ayurvedic Ayurvedic medical medical treatment is provided provided in an extensive campus The Arya Vaidya Sala also maintains its herbal gardens and manufactures ayurvedic medicines in its campus The remains of the fortified palace of the Kizhakke Kovilakam kings is located in Kottakal mainly famous for the 500 year old Pazhayangadi mosque located in Kondotty centre for Domestic religious tourism mainly noted as the location for the Vandoor Sivan temple which is a major centre for religious tourism scenic destination with forests and wildlife habitats Location of the oldest teak plantation in the world named Connoly‟s plot. The longest hanging bridge in Kerala provides access to the teak plantation. The Adyan Para waterfalls are located 14 km from
15.
Tusharagiri
Medium
16.
Kakkayam
Medium
17.
Peruvannamoozhi
Medium
Nilambur Scenic spot with three waterfalls and potential for developing trekking and adventure tourism picturesque dam site with potential for development of adventure sports Location of the Peruvannamoozhi dam developed as a scenic spot with facilities for boating and including a crocodile farm and gardens. Experimental farm of the Indian Institute of Spices Research is located here. Forms part of the Malabar wildlife sanctuary.
Page | 38
Figure 15: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeMalappuram Sub-Circuit
Page | 39
Peruvannamoozhi Vadakara Kakkayam
Tusharagiri
Kappad
Nilambur
Kozhikode
Kondotty Vandoor
Beypore
Feroke Kadalundi
Tirurangadi
Kottakal
Tirur Thirunavaya
Ponnani
Figure 16: Map of Destinations identified in Kozhikode- Malappuram SubSub-Circuit Circuit 5.3.3
Kozhikode- Wayanad Sub-Circuit
The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Wayanad. Based on the discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 12 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit. These destinations have been classified based on importance as high, medium and minor. The majority of the destinations are located l ocated within 80-100 kilometres from Kozhikode with Thirunelly, the farthest from Kozhikode at around 127 kilometres. In this case, Kalpetta is considered as the support hub to Kozhikode for Wayanad district. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations in the Kozhikode- Wayanad Wayanad sub-circuit is provided in Table 22.
Page | 40
Table 22: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Wayana Kozhikode-Wayanad d Sub-Circuit No Destination Relative Comments importance 1.
Lakkidi
Medium
Gateway to Wayanad and is one of the highest spots in Wayanad district. Located at around 700 metres above MSL along the famous Thamarassery pass in the Western Ghats Mainly a sightseeing spot on route to Wayanad.
2.
Pookot lake
High
scenic freshwater lake with boating facilities and tourist amenities
3.
Soochipara waterfalls
High
three tiered waterfalls surrounded by forests view of the tea estates in Wayanad
4.
Chembra peak
Medium
highest peak in Wayanad and is accessed by a trek of around 5 km trekking destination based on permission from the department of forests trekking equipment provided by DTPC
5.
Edakkal caves
High
caves with prehistoric writings and believed to have been inhabited over several periods from 5000 BC onwards accessed by a trekking trail of 1 km
6.
Jain temple at Kalpetta
Minor
7.
Muthanga sanctuary
High
8.
Pazhassi tomb Manathavady
wildlife
9.
Thirunelly temple
10.
Kuruva dweep
11.
Begur wild sanctuary
at
life
Medium
Entry and exit to caves by same route which leads to congestion during peak tourist season remains of an ancient Jain temple at Kalpetta which is currently under the ASI Major wildlife sanctuary and part of the Nilgiri biosphere and bounded by Nagarhole and Bandipur on the border with Karnataka state Memorial to Pazhassi Raja who organised one of th the first resistances to the British in the 18 century along with a museum
Medium
ancient Vishnu over a thousand years old and a centre for temple religious pil grims pilgrims
High
River delta of around 1000 acres on the Kabini River with the island accessed by boats run by Kerala Tourism. Wildlife sanctuary located l ocated near Mananthavady
High
Page | 41
Mananthavady
Thirunelly
Begurwildlife sanctuary
Kuruvadweep
Sultan Bathery Muthangawild life sanctua s anctuary ry Kalpetta Edakkalcaves
Pookotlake
Soochipara waterfalls
Lakkidi
Chembrapeak
Kozhikode
Figure 17: Destinations identified in Kozhikode-Wayana Kozhikode-Wayanad d Sub-Circuit
Page | 42
Figure 18: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeWayanad Sub-Circuit 5.3.4
The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Kannur. Based on the discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 16 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit. These destinations have been classified based on importance as high, medium and minor. The majority of the destinations are located within 80-90 kilometres from Kozhikode with Pythal mala the farthest from Kozhikode at around 150 kilometres. In this case, Kannur is considered as the support hub to Kozhikode. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations in the Kozhikode- Kannur- Thalassery sub-circuit is provided in Table 23.
Page | 43
Table 23: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit S. Destination Relative Comments No Importance 1. Gundert Minor former bungalow of Dr. Hermann Gundert who Bungalow developed the first Malayalam dictionary & currently owned by a private party 2. Thalassery Fort High Fort built by the British in 1708 and now maintained by the ASI 3. Overbury‟s Medium Architectural folly which serves as a public park for Folly local people which has been recently renovated and redeveloped 4. Dharmadam High Private Island of around 5 acres located around 100 Beach meters from the mainland. High 5. Dharmadam beach popular with local residents and located near Island Kannur 6. Muzhappilangad High Only drive in beach in Kerala with potential for Beach development developme nt of water sports 7. Payyambalam High Popular beach destination with a beach garden Beach maintained by the DTPC. It is located around 2 km from Kannur 8. Meenkunnu High Located around 12 km from Kannur and relatively Beach underdeveloped 9.
St. Angelo‟s Angelo‟s fort
10.
Pythal Mala
11.
Parassinikadavu
High
12.
Aralam Wild Life Sanctuary Pazhassi Dam
Medium
Built by the Portuguese in the 16th century and currently maintained by the ASI located 3 km from Kannur hill station located more than 60 km from Kannur and near the Kerala – Kerala – Karnataka Karnataka border in the Western Ghats potential for developme development nt as a hill station with resorts and adventure sports Major destination is the Parassinikadavu Sr.Muthappan temple with a daily Theyyam dance performance The other major attraction is the Parassinikadavu snake park wild life sanctuary located 20 km from Iritty
Medium
scenic destination developed near an irrigation reservoir
13.
14.
Arakkal Palace
15.
Ezhimala
16.
Rajarajeswara temple
High
Medium
Medium
Minor
Medium
over the Valappatanam river with boating facilities provided by the DTPC DTPC and a ga garden rden with sculptures sculptures Museum dedicated to the Arakkal royal family and developed in part of the Arakkal palace by the DoT and the Department of Culture, Kerala. Picturesque hill destination located around 40 km from Kannur forming a promontory. Developm Development ent around the area is restricted due to the t he presence of the Indian Naval Academy which was completed in 2009 Ancient Siva temple located at Taliparamba near Kannur, and one of the most prominent Siva temples in South India. Domestic religious tourism potential
Page | 44
Figure 19: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in KozhikodeKannur-Thalassery Kannur-Tha lassery Sub-Circuit
Page | 45
Parassinikadavu
Pythal mala
Rajarajeswara temple Pazhassidam
Ezhimala
Aralamwild life sanctuary
Meenkunnu beach
Kannur Thalassery
Kozhikode
Figure 20: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kannur-Thalasse Kannur-Thalassery ry Sub-Circuit 5.3.5
Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit
The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Kasargode. Based on the discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 5 destinations have been identified in i n this sub-circuit. These destinations identified consist of major, minor and emerging tourism destinations and are indicated in the Figure 21. The majority of the t he destinations are located within 150-170 kilometres from Kozhikode with Ranipuram the farthest from Kozhikode at around 190 kilometres. In this case, Kasargode / Bekal is considered as the support hub to Kozhikode. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations in the Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit is provided in Table 24.
Page | 46
Table 24: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-C Sub-Circuit ircuit No Destination Relative Comments importance 1. Bekal High The Bekal Tourism Development Corporation (BRDC) formed in 1995, has initiated the creation of a greenfield tourism based development which is one of the first of its kind in India. Under this development resorts and tourism developments are envisaged in identified areas around the Bekal fort The major attractions are the Bekal fort and the beach The BRDC has acquired 233.67 acres of land for development of 6 resort sites as well as other tourism & infrastructure related activities. The total land area earmarked for resorts is around 200 acres. A total cost of Rs. 30 crore has been spent for land acquisition as 2.
Valiyaparamba backwaters
3.
Ranipuram station
4.
Kappil beach
High
hill
on date. The third major backwater system in Kerala with potential for backwater cruises between Kannur and Neeleshwaram
Medium
hill station located around 50 km from Kasargode with potential for ecotourism and adventure tourism cottages, conference hall and dining hall recently developed by the DoT for an estimated cost of Rs. 3.25 crore
High
relatively undeveloped beach around 6 km from Bekal fort with potential for development developme nt as a beach destination
Page | 47
Ranipuram
Kasargode Bekal
Valiyaparambu island
Kozhikode
Figure 21: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kasargode Sub-Circuit
Figure 22: Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit Sub-Circuit
Page | 48
5.4 Land under the DoT Generally there are very few land parcels directly under the DoT in the Circuit 1. Most of the destinations are under other government agencies such as the KSEB (Kerala State Electricity Board) and the revenue, the forest & irrigation departments. Many of the sites are developed based on the coordination between the owner department and the DoT / DTPC (destinations in Wayanad are a prime example of this mode of development). Therefore, in many cases, the DoT or DTPC identifies sites with tourism potential and comes to an arrangement with the government agency holding the site for specific tourism t ourism related developments. 5.4.1
Bekal Resort Development Corporation
Table 25: Land acquired by BRDC S No.
Resorts and other sites
Village
Extent of land acquired in acres
1.
Resort site 1 & 1A
Chittari and Ajanoor
31.95
2.
Resort site 2
Chittari and Keekan
57.43
3.
Resort site 4 & 4 A
Pallikere I & II
32.71
4.
Resort site 5
Udma and Pallikere II
21.57
5.
Resort site 6
Udma and Kalnad
25.56
6.
Resort site 7
Kalnad
31.65
7.
Facility centre
Pallikere I
1.62
8.
Public beach
Pallikere I
23.33
9.
access to beach
Pallikere
0.98
10.
Staff quarters for railway and gate lodge (not handed over to railways)
Keekan
0.28
11.
Water supply scheme
Panayal,
12.
Valiyaparamba house boat centre
Udma, Bare, Keekan and Kalanad Nileshwar and South Trikkaripur
0.27
13.
Parking bay near Bekal fort
Pallikere I
1.41
14.
Valiyaparamba facility centre
Udinoor
0.1
15.
TOTAL
Kolathur,
Pallikere,
Chittari,
4.81
233.67
The Government Government of India in 1992 carried out a survey of the west coast of India, for identifying beach locations which could be developed as coastal destination. Bekal located in Kasargod district, was one of the 6 destinations identified under this “Special Tourism Area” initiative. Taking this further, the governmentt of Kerala formed the Bekal Tourism Authority for implementation of the project in 1992. governmen In 1995, the Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC) was formed for speedy implementation of the project. In addition, BRDC also has an extended mandate to promote tourism in the district of Kasargod.
Page | 49
The development area identified by BRDC comprises the 4 Panchayats of Udma, Pallikere, Ajanoor and Chemnad. BRDC has so far acquired 233.67 acres of land as shown in Table 27 at a cost of around Rs. 30 crore. The land acquired is for the development of 6 resorts as well as allied basic and tourism infrastructure. Land acquisition has been completed for all the resort sites which have been subsequently leased to bidders selected through a bid process for a period of 30 years. For selection of bidders, the land was valued at 125 percent of the land acquisition cost and bidders selected by competitive bidding setting 8percent of land value as the minimum lease price. The details of the land allotted to the bidders and current status is provided in Table 26. Table 26: Land allotted for resorts by BRDC and current status S No.
Resorts and other sites
Village
Extent in acres
Lessee
Status
1.
Resort site 1
Chittari Anjur
and
31.95
M/s. Enterprises,
2.
Resort site 2
Chittari Keekan
and
57.43
Green gateway leisure (Air Travel Enterprises)
Under construction with 80 keys expected to be operational in early 2012
3.
Resort site 4
Pallikere
&
32.35
Globlink Hotels &
Under construction with 76
Entertainment Pvt Ltd.
keys expected to operational in mid 2012
Operational and maintenance by Taj under the Vivanta brand with 85 keys. Operational with 37 keys in first phase as the Lalit Resort & Spa
Udma
Joys
Site development initiated
work
be
4.
Resort site 5
Udma and Pallikere II
21.57
Khanna Pvt. Ltd
Hotels
5.
Resort site 6
Udma Kalnad
25.56
Bharath Ltd
Hotels
6.
Resort site 7
Kalnad
31.65
Holiday Group
Under development with major works for 50 out of 100 keys completed. Expected to be operational at end of 2012 or early 2013
7.
Beach Park
Pallikere
KTDC
For
and
5
(Kerala
Tourism Development Corporation)
development
of
premium beach camping resort with 20 cottages in the first phase. Work on the project is expected to start by 2012.
5.5 SWOT Analysis Based on the assessment carried out during the visit to the Circuit 1, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis has been carried out for the overall Circuit 1 as described below.
Page | 50
Strengths
Kozhikode enjoys good connectivity with both Domestic and International destinations through air, rail and road Wide diversity of tourism assets such as beaches, scenic & wildlife destinations, cultural and religious, backwaters etc with scope for development of specialised sub-circuits based on specific tourism assets :
Important beach destinationsdestinations- Bekal, Kozhikode, Kappad, Beypore, Muzhuppilangad,
o
Payyambalam, Dharmadam
Hill stations & scenic spotsspots- Tidal mouth of the Bharathapuzha, Nilambur, Tusharagiri
o
waterfalls,
Kakkayam,
Peruvannamoozhi,
Pookot
lake,
Soochipara
waterfalls,
Kuruvadweep, Pythal Mala, Pazhassi dam, Ranipuram
Wild life sanctuaries & bird sanctuaries sanctuaries – Kadalundi, Muthanga wild life sanctuary,
o
Begur wild life sanctuary, sanctuary, Aralam wild life sanctuary
a num number ber of ancient ancient hindu temples and mosques mosques are located in this circuit circuit
which are important for Domestic Tourists
Cultural - destinations such as the Thunchan Parambu, Jain temples in Wayanad etc
o
Good road connectivity between Kozhikode and most of the tourism destinations with signages provided to all important important tourism de destinations stinations relatively well developed private tourism sector in terms of tour operators, private taxis and accommodation facilities around the major hub (Kozhikode) and support hubs such as Kalpetta, Kannur & Kasargode / Bekal Established network of DTPCs in the main district headquarters for coordination of tourism development developme nt and providing tourist information Strategic tourism development initiatives in destinations such as Bekal for creating new tourism infrastructure assets. Weaknesses
Lack of awareness regarding tourism destinations in north Kerala among International Tourists. The destinations in Circuit 1, except in Wayanad & Bekal to an extent, cater mostly to Domestic Tourists. Distance of destinations in North Kerala from current tourism hubs around Kochi and Trivandrum Limited connectivity between Kozhikode airport and airports in Europe and the US. Most of the International flight connections operate to airports in the Arabian Peninsula.
Page | 51
Need for better better coordination of tourism developme development nt between the owner owner departme departments nts and DoT for tourism sites. This is an important requirement given that many of the tourism destinations come under the KSEB, forest, irrigation and revenue departments Need for improving the tourism amenities and basic infrastructure in beach destinations in the circuit. Some of the areas include up-gradation of existing beach parks developed by the respective DTPC, improvement of parking facilities, provision of more toilets, more retail kiosks and solid waste management. There is heavy traffic seen on the roads connecting the tourism destinations which leads to increase in travel time and congestion. In addition, the approach roads to destinations are most 11.5 lane and also need more maintenance works. In destinations such as Muzhuppilangad beach (only driving beach in Kerala), there is a need to segregate the vehicular and pedestrian movement along the beach. Lack of accommodation facilities near the tourism destinations away from the main urban areas Need for provision of good public convenience convenience facilities both on route to the destinations and within the tourism destinations Need for better visitor circulation control in destinations such as the Edakkal caves. Currently entry and exits are through the same routes, leading to congestion. This can be an issue for evacuation during emergencies. In addition, there were some perceived issues with respect to visitor management in some of the destinations located in the forest areas. For example the Kuruvadweep destination was closed during the time of the site visits due to the deaths of two visitors and associated safety checks being conducted. Opportunities
Potential for development of established beaches such as Kappad (with its historical association with Vasco Da Gama), Kozhikode, Beypore, Payyambalam by improvement in basic amenities and development of water sports in appropriate locations near the beaches. Development of the Sarovaram Bio-Park (Kottoli urban wetlands) of around 200 acres, located near the Kozhikode city centre with facilities including canal walkway, boatway bird sanctuary, mangrove bio-reserve etc. Potential for development of destinations along the coastline of Kozhikode and Malappuram district extending from Ponnani to Kozhikode. This stretch has a combination of religious, historical and beach destinations along the NH-66 / the Tirur-Kadalundi road. Promotion of home stays and accommodation accommodation facilities for Domestic Tourists visiting the temples along the above stretch. This would help attract Domestic Tourists interes interested ted in religious tourism, t ourism, from outside the current catchment catchment area inside Kerala. There are a number of undeveloped beach destinations along the stretch from Ponnani to Kozhikode which may be identified for development.
Page | 52
Based on discussions with officials of DTPC Malappuram, it is understood that are lands under the fisheries department earmarked for hatcheries along the Ponnani-Kozhikode stretch, which are currently lying fallow. It has been proposed that some of this land could be used for tourism development. However this needs to be explored in more detail through discussions between the DoT and department of fisheries before any identification of land and potential projects can be done. potential for development of the stretch of the Canoli canal between Kadalundi and Veliyamgode & the stretch between between the Korapuzha Korapuzha and Kallai rivers rivers which runs through through Kozhikode as as a waterway for tourists Promotion of the destinations such as Kadalundi and Vallikunnu comprising mangrove forests and bird sanctuaries. sanctuaries. Develop infrastructure in under-developed scenic destinations & dam sites such as Kakkayam, Kattumala and Karappuzha. Development and regulation of Muzhuppilangad beach (only drive-in beach in Kerala) and promote events events based on the uniqueness uniqueness of the beach in area areass which are segregated segregated for vehicles vehicles to drive on. Promotion of unique cultural art forms such as Theyyam which are of interest to International Tourists and institutions such as Thunchan Parambu & Arakkal Palace. Promoting and enhancing the existing backwater cruises operating on the Valiyaparamba backwaterss by enhancing backwater enhancing infrastructure at the current current boat jetty facilities operated by BRDC Promote the development of city tours in major destinations such as Kozhikode, Kannur, etc. Development of adventure & trekking activities in identified areas near the hill stations, forest areas etc based on coordination between the DoT and government agencies such as KSEB, forest, irrigation and revenue departments. departments. Threats
North Kerala, despite its tourism assets, contributes only around 22percent of the total tourism traffic to Kerala. This is due to the concentration of tourist inflows into central and southern Kerala. In the absence of a strategic thrust to both marketing and infrastructure development, this situation would be expected to continue. Availability of adequate tourism manpower is a critical concern expressed by private players operating away from main urban areas (in destinations such as Bekal). Need to manage the increase in tourists visiting the beaches around the urban areas such as Kozhikode and Kannur to prevent environmen environmental tal degradation & waste managem management ent issue. Need to manage expected growth in backwater tourism in the Valiyaparamba Valiyaparamba backwaters and prevent environmental environmental degradation degradation as reported reported in the Vembanad Vembanad backwater backwater region
Page | 53
6. Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation & Funding Based on the preliminary survey carried out for the Circuit 1 and discussions with the officials of the DoT, a process of identification of proposed projects has been carried out. The list of projects has been developed based on the felt infrastructure needs for the major tourism destinations in Circuit 1and indicative estimates have been worked out for the preliminary block costs. It may be noted that the estimated figures are indicative in nature and would be subject to change post more detailed studies & assessments. The key projects identified for the Circuit 1along with indicative costs, proposed implementing agency and possible mode of funding are summarised in the t he Table 27Error! eference source not found. .
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5) and changing rooms
Kappad beach
Indicative Implementing cost in Rs. Agency crore Kozhikode District
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Upgrading kiosks for food and beverages in the area managed by the municipal corporation
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5) and changing rooms
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of tourist information centre
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid management
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
waste and
collection of waste on beach
Page | 54
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 0.1
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (10) and changing rooms
0.6
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
of
5
DoT
Public
MoT
Improvement of facade and environment
5
DoT
Public
MoT
Provision of public convenience / e-toilets (2)
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Canoly Canal
Connecting Canoly canal to Kappad and development of tourism facilities
15
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Beypore
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (10) and changing rooms
0.6
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Kiosks for food and beverages Upgrading facilities
Kozhikode beach
S.M. Street, Development Kozhikode pedestrian street
parking
and cabins
Page | 55
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 2
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Lighting
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Trekking trails near the mangroves
0.1
DoT / Dept of forest
Public
MoT / GoK
Tower watching
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Boating activities on the side away from the bird sanctuary towards the tidal mouth
2
DoT / Dept of forest
PPP
MoT / GoK
Provision of seating and pedestrian pathways in sunset point below the Kadalundi bridge
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Hot balloon for aerial airview of tidal mouth and the bird sanctuary
1.5
DoTforest / Dept of
PPP
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5)
0.3
DoT / Dept of forest
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.5
PWD
Public
GoK
Development of parking space in 0.1 acres
0.2
DoT
PPP
GoK
Up-gradation of existing tourism information centre
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of kiosks for food and beverages
0.1
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Provision of public convenience / e-toilets
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Speed boat rides & para sailing on the lines of beaches of Goa by private operators
Kadalundi
Sarovaram Biopark
Kakkayam
for
bird
Development of proposed bio-park with tourist facilities, bird sanctuary, aquarium, boating facilities, interpretation centre etc Improvement of 3 km single lane road from main highway
(2)
Page | 56
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 0.5
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.2
DoT / Dept of forest
Public
MoT / GoK
0.3
Dept of irrigation / DoT
Public
GoK
Cleaning and restoration of pond and surroundings
1.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Construction of granite paved pathways, paved yards around mosque
1.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting
1.5
DoT
Public
GoK
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
2
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
of
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
of 3
1.2
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
of at
0.75
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Interpretation centre and meeting hall
2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Craft resort with accommodation facilities for 40 persons
4
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
DoT
Public
GoK
Pedestrian walkway and landscaping at view points Development trekking trails Peruvannamoozhi dam Kuttichira
of along
selected routes Improvement of approach road of 2 km to dam site
Conservation mosque
Thusharagiri falls
of and
surrounding heritage structures Development of ecolodges with 20 rooms Development caravan park Development camping sites locations Development hanging bridge Arippara
Iringal Village
Craft
at
Malappuram District
Ponnani
Cultural centre with library, museum in 1 acre out of the 7 acres of identified revenue land
2
Page | 57
Location
Project
Development of cultural resort (min 20 rooms) with space for performing arts, artisan quarters (10), restaurants, childrens play area commemorating the history and culture of Ponnani and Malabar in 6 acres out of 7 acres of identified revenue land
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 10
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
DoT
PPP
Existing Schemes
Thirunavaya
Sound and light show & martial arts performance commemorating events such as the Mamankam on the historical site on the banks of the Bharathapuzha.
3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Vandoor
Development
5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Riverside boating center with boating facilities, children‟s play area, park, food & beverage facilities etc.
3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Augumenting facilities at Kottakunnu including public convenience / etoilets (5), landscaping etc Development of
2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (3) and changing rooms
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Upgrading kiosks for
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Karuvankundu
Malappuram
Beeyam Kayal
of
edutainment park Development of eco park and adventure trails at Karuvarakundu
Beeyam Kayal into a water sports centre Padinjarakkara beach
food and beverages in the area
Page | 58
Location
Project
Lighting
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 0.5
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Kadampuzha Temple
Pilgrim centre
Facilitation
1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Multiple
Pilgrim
Facilitation
2.25
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
centre (3 Nos) Mosques - centres at important such as Mumburum, Valiya Juma Masjid, Pazhayangadi mosque etc Waterway
Improvement waterways providing facilities
of and tourist
10
Irrigation/DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Chamravattom regulator bridge
Development of Picnic Spot at chamravattom
2.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
1.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Lighting and signage
1.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Watershed conservation
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Soochipara
Current parking space
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
waterfalls
to be up-graded and enhanced
Edakkal caves
Up-gradation of current single lane road of around 2 km
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Erection of stainless steel staircases along alternative pathway for exit from caves in addition to current path
1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Up-grading current single lane road of around 3 km form main highway
1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of parking space in around 1.5 acres of land
1
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Wayanad District
Pookot lake
Public
conveniences
provided to be enhanced through means such as e-toilets (5 nos) Improvement of current parking facilities Renovation development walkways & furniture
Karapuzha dam
and of street
Page | 59
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 2
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of landscaped area with seating facilities, children‟s play area & equipments in the dam site in around 1.00 acre
2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of Convention and performance centre
5
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Development of boating facilities in the reservoir along with jetty
1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of kiosks for food and beverages
0.2
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Provision of signage in the dam site
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Waste management including segregating and disposal
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of a ropeway over the dam site
2
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
2.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Improvement and upgradation works including nonfunctional auditorium and new audio-visual equipment for movies aimed at tourists. Other improvements could be 2-3 kiosks for food & beverages for tourists.
3
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Pazhassi Park at Development of theme Mananthavady park at Pazhassi park
3
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
1.5
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Development of ethnic street with tribal products, handicrafts etc
5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of convention facilities
4
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Tourist Facilitation centre with amenities and Public conveniences/ e-toilets (5)
Development dancing fountain Wayanad heritage museum
Development heritage park Pazhassi Kudeeram Panamaram
of
of at
Page | 60
Location
Project
Banasura dam
Development of tourist facilities and water sports facilities
Adventure facilities
Development camping
of sites,
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 3
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
3
DoT / Forest
Public
MoT / GoK
equipment, facilities, base trekking camps etc at adventure spots in Wayanad identified by the DoT & Forest Department Kannur District
Muzhuppilangad beach
St.Anjelo‟s fort
Improvement of approach road of 1.5 km
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5)
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Up-gradation of current information centre and cafeteria
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Kiosks for food and beverages
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Upgrading facilities
parking
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Current approach road
0.2
PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
0.15
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Parking area expansion
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Kiosks for provision of food and beverages
0.1
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Training and capacity building of guides
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Sound and light show focusing on history of St. Anjelo‟s fort fort
3.5
ASI / DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Improvement approach road
0.2
PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
to be improved Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (3) outside the fort premises
of
Page | 61
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 0.15
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
0.3
PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (10) and changing rooms
0.6
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Improvement approach road around 2 km
of of
0.5
PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5) and changing rooms
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Widening and improvement of the approach road of 2 km
0.5
PWD / DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Expansion of parking area to 0.5 acre near the DoT resort
0.5
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Pedestrian pathway along selected stretches of Pythalmala
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (5)
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Pazhassi dam
Ropeway project across the dam site (1 km long)
15
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Arakkal palace
Conservation of the remaining portion of the Arakkal palace in addition to the current portion
2.5
DoT / Dept of Culture
Public
MoT / GoK
Dharmadam Island
Development of ecoresort on island
20
DoT
PPP
MoT / GoK
Provision of public conveniences / e-toilets (3) outside the fort premises Payyambalam
Improvement
of
beach
approach road around 2 km
of
Meenkunnu beach
Pythal Mala
Kasargode District
Bekal
Tourism information centre in 0.22 acres near Bekal fort
0.25
BRDC
Public
MoT / GoK
Sound and light show at Bekal fort
3
BRDC / ASI
Public
MoT / GoK
Page | 62
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 3
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
BRDC
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of a Tourism Interpretation Centre cum Information Centre at Bekal of around 20,000 square feet in 1.03 acres under BRDC
2
BRDC or PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
Improvement and development of connecting roads from SH-57 at Kottakunnu junction and Pallikara level crossing to the Bekal fort area.
1
BRDC or PWD
Public
MoT / GoK
Improvement of NH-66 connecting Mangalore airport to Bekal fort area from Thalapady to Bekal. Road length of around 48 km.
28
NHAI / PWD
Public
NHAI / GoK
Waste disposal facility
1
BRDC
Public
MoT / GoK
Valiyaparamba backwaters
Expansion of existing houseboat terminal facility for providing parking for 16-20 houseboats. purpose
8
BRDC
Public
MoT / GoK
Ranipuram
Up-gradation approach road around 10 km
2
PWD
Public
GoK
Provision of pedestrian pathways
0.2
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Tourist information cum amenity centre with public conveniences / e-toilets (5)
0.6
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of ecocamps (10) for tourists. Site needs to be identified based on discussions between the DoT & department of forests.
1
DoT
PPP
Development of cultural complex with museum, library, information center, amphitheatre, space for performing arts, sale of ethnic products, children‟s play area etc.
of of
Page | 63
Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore 0.2
Implementing Agency
Mode of Funding
Existing Schemes
DoT
Public
GoK
0.1
DoT/ Dept of Forest
Public
GoK
Public conveniences / etoilets (5) and changing rooms
0.3
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Life guards watch tower and cabin
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Drinking water facility
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Solid waste management and collection of waste on beach
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Information signage
0.05
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Kiosks for food and beverages
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Up-gradation of parking facilities
0.1
DoT
Public
MoT / GoK
Development of kiosks for providing water and food Development trekking trails
of along
identified routes Ranipuram Kappil beach
in
TOTAL
255.9 Cr.
6.1 Breakup of the Projects The total preliminary block cost estimate for the infrastructure development proposed in Circuit 1 is Rs. 255.9 crore. The breakup of the indicative project costs for the proposed projects in terms of funding sources are summarised below: Public sector – sector – Rs. Rs. 174.1 Crore Private sector / PPP- Rs. 81.8 Crore
Page | 64
Table 28: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects Location
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore
Implementing Agency
Existing Schemes
Public Funding
Private Investment
Kozhikode District Beypore
Kadalundi
Kakkayam
Thusharagiri falls
Iringal Craft Village
Speed boat rides & para sailing on the lines of beaches of Goa by private operators Boating activities on the side away from the bird sanctuary towards the tidal mouth Hot air balloon for aerial view of tidal mouth and the bird sanctuary
2
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.5
1.5
2
DoT / Dept of forest
MoT / GoK
0.5
1.5
1.5
DoT / Dept of forest
MoT / GoK
0.375
1.125
Development of parking space in 0.1 acres
0.2
DoT
GoK
0.05
0.15
Provision of kiosks
0.1
DoT
MoT /
0.025
0.075
for food and beverages Development of ecolodges with 20 rooms
GoK 2
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.5
1.5
Development of camping sites at 3 locations
1.2
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.3
0.9
Craft resort with accommodation facilities for 40 persons
4
DoT
MoT / GoK
1
3
2.5
7.5
Malappuram District Ponnani
Development of cultural resort (min 20 rooms) with space for
10
DoT
performing arts, artisan quarters (10), restaurants, childrens play area commemorating the history and culture of Ponnani and Malabar in 6 acres out of 7 acres of identified revenue land Wayanad District Karapuzha dam
Provision of parking space in around 1.5 acres of land
1
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.25
0.75
Development of Convention and performance centre
5
DoT
MoT / GoK
1.25
3.75
Page | 65
Location
Wayanad heritage museum
Pazhassi Park at Mananthavady
Project
Indicative cost in Rs. crore
Implementing Agency
Existing Schemes
Public Funding
Private Investment
Provision of kiosks for food and beverages Development of a ropeway over the dam
0.2
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.05
0.15
2
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.5
1.5
3
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.75
2.25
3
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.75
2.25
1.5
DoT
MoT /
0.375
1.125
site Improvement and upgradation works including nonfunctional auditorium and new audio-visual equipment for movies aimed at tourists. Other improvements could be 2-3 kiosks for food & beverages for tourists. Development of theme park at Pazhassi park Development of heritage park at Pazhassi Kudeeram
GoK
Panamaram
Development of convention facilities
4
DoT
MoT / GoK
1
3
Banasura dam
Development of tourist facilities and water sports facilities
3
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.75
2.25
Kannur District St.Anjelo’s fort
Kiosks for provision of food and beverages
0.1
DoT
MoT / GoK
0.025
0.075
Pazhassi dam
Ropeway project across the dam site (1 km long)
15
DoT
MoT / GoK
3.75
11.25
Dharmadam island
Development of ecoresort on island
20
DoT
MoT / GoK
5
15
0.25
0.75
20.45
61.35
Kasargode District Ranipuram
Development of ecocamps (10) for tourists. Site needs to be identified based on discussions between the DoT & department of forests. Total
1
81.8
DoT
Within the Public Private Partnership projects 20.45 Crores can be facilitated from Public Funds and 61.35 Crores from Private Investments. Investments.
Page | 66
6.2 Employment Generation The proposed investments at tourist destinations and circuit are expected to generate employment. These employment figures have been estimated on a district level because of the direct and indirect nature of employment generation from these investments. To estimate the number of employment generated an investment multiplier of 78 jobs per million investments is taken. The employment generation district-wise and due to projects proposed across districts in the priority Tourism Circuit is presented in the Table 29: Table 29: Estimated Employment Generation in the Circuit Employment Generation District
Expected Employment Generation
Kozhikide District
48828
Mallapuram District
38142
Wayanad District
36348
Kannur District
36387
Kasarkode District
39897
Total Expected Employment Generation
199602
Page | 67
Annexure 1: Destination Tourism Clusters in Kerala
Route Destination Parameters Components Distance in km Approach Road Quality (A-C)
Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Enroute
Transport
Modes Used by tourists
Availability (A-C)
Enroute
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability
Petrol Pump/ availability
Enroute
On Site City/Town
On Site
Service
Centre
Kozhikode - Vadakara Vadakara Rating Remarks 48 B NH-66 connects Kozhikode to Vadakara. Overall road Metalled quality is good with patches NH of the road where road 2 quality needs to be improved. Traffic congestion C is an issue due to heavy traffic on 2 lane road. Private Taxis, Auto There are plenty of private rickshaws, Kerala State bus services plying between Road Transport Kozhikode to Vadakara. Corporation (KSRTC) and KSRTC also plies long private bus Buses. distance services which connect Kozhikode to B Vadakara.
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
Sufficiency (A-C)
B
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site Accommodatio
Languages
English & Malayalam
NH-66 connects Kozhikode to Kappad beach. Overall road quality is good with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Traffic congestion is an issue due to heavy traffic on 2 lane road.
C
B
Wayside amenities, tourist resorts & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout. Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Sufficient signage are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
English & Malayalam
No specific site for development Motel Aaram operated by KTDC at Vadakara.
Kozhikode - Peruvannamuzhi Peruvannamuzhi dam site Rating Remarks 53 B SH-38 connects Kozhikode to Kakkayam with actual site Metalled being accessed through a MDR narrow single lane road. Single 2 lane and single lane lane road is in dilapidated condition with significant need C for up gradation.
Private Taxis, Auto Mainly private bus services Private taxis, private rickshaws, Kerala State plying between Kozhikode to buses and KSRTC bus Road Transport Kappad as well as auto services Corporation (KSRTC) rickshaws. and private bus Buses. B C
B
Direction Signages
Drinking Water facility
2 C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-C) Availability (A-C) Quality(A-C)
Metalled NH, SH,MDR
C
Public Convenience availability
Type
Rating 18 B
Kozhikode - Kappad Kappad beach Remarks
C
Budget wayside amenities & restaurants are available with limited food options
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions Limited facilities for public conveniences in private wayside amenities and restaurants. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
C
B
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to d estination.
English & Malayalam
Public beach and Department of private beach resorts resorts Irrigation, Kerala Private resorts & hotels Current demand is catered to by Private home stays and in Kappad , hotels in existing supply. However there budget hotels near the is a need for more quality dam site Kozhikode accommodation facilities for high end tourists near Kappad B C beach B Currently drinking water C facility is available in B B
C C C C B
Bus services to the destination are not provided. Hence tourists mostly depend on personal vehicles or taxis.
Destination is a day – trip trip from Kozhikode with limited demand for accommodation. Potential for more homestays / quality accommodation for tourists. Currently drinking water facility is only available from
Page | 69
Enroute/Onsite
Route Destination Parameters
On Site
Solid Management
On Site
Electricity
Supply (AC, Gen)
On Site
Parking
Sufficiency (A-C)
On Site/or City
in
Waste
Components
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides
A-C
Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N)) Available(Y/N
Rating
Kozhikode - Vadakara Vadakara Remarks
C
AC, Gen
Will have to be acquired N
Kozhikode - Kappad Kappad beach Remarks restaurants & resorts and retailed packaged water. C Due to increase in domestic tourists, current facilities such as bins and garbage collection mechanism need to be upgraded. AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject to outages during the summer B Parking facilities are available at the beach and have been upgraded recently Will have to be acquired Y There is a tourism information centre with basic information C provided Rating
Quality (A-C)
-
Availability (A-C)
E
Sufficiency (A-C) Languages Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) Availability (A-C)
C English & Malayalam C C C
C English & Malayalam C C C
Kozhikode - Peruvannamuzhi Peruvannamuzhi dam site Rating Remarks restaurants and retailed packaged water. C Limited facilities other than a few bins.
AC, Gen C Will have to be acquired Y C -
On Site
Information Signages
On Site
Seating/ Resting
On Site
Public Convenience
On Site
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-C)
C C
C C
C C
On Site
Street Lighting
Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C)
C C
C C
C D
Inadequate facilities to cater to current visitor numbers
C English & Malayalam C C D
Parking space available for visitors. Will need to be provided by the Dept of Irrigation or acquired. There is a tourism information centre present with limited information. Trained guides may not be required.
Inadequate facilities to cater to current visitor numbers
Page | 70
Enroute/Onsite
Route
Kozhikode to Kakkayam
Kozhikode to Thusharagiri
Destination
Kakkayam dam site
Thusharagiri waterfalls
Parameters
Enroute
Distance in km
Enroute
Approach Road
Components
Enroute
Remarks
Rating
55 Quality (A-C) Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
Enroute
Rating
50
B
Access by KozhikodeMysore- Kolegal road. Two lane road with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Approach road to destination has worn down and needs to be up-graded.
Metalled SH
Lanes
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C
Transport
Modes Used by tourists
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city)
Availability (A-C)
D
Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability
C
Private taxis, private buses and KSRTC bus services
B Metalled SH 2 C
Access by KozhikodeMysore- Kolegal road. Two lane road with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Approach road to destination needs to be up-graded.
B
2 C
Bus services to the destination are not provided. Hence tourists mostly depend on personal vehicles or taxis.
Private taxis, private buses and KSRTC bus services C
Bus services to the destination are not provided. Hence tourists mostly depend on personal vehicles or taxis
Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses. Buses. B
There are plenty of private bus services plying between Kozhikode to to Beypore. In addition auto rickshaws are also available.
Budget wayside amenities & restaurants are available with
C
Budget wayside amenities & restaurants are available with
C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
B
Public Convenience availability
E
Limited facilities for public conveniences in private wayside amenities and restaurants. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
Limited facilities for public conveniences in private wayside amenities and restaurants. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
Direction Signages
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations)
Languages
City/Town
Accommodation
C
Drinking Water facility
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to destination.
KSEB ( Kerala State Electricity Board) & Department of Forests, Kerala Type
number of budget restaurants available throughout Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
limited food options
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
Land ownership of the Site
Access by Beypore road. Two lane road with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Traffic congestion on the main road.
SH
B
English and Malayalam
Remarks
Metalled
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
On Site
On Site
Beypore Beach Rating
10
limited food options
Enroute
Remarks
Kozhikode to Beypore
No accommodation facilities available
C
English and Malayalam
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to destination.
English and Malayalam
Department of Forests, Kerala
Beypore Port and DTPC Kozhikode
Hotels, resorts and homestays C
Capacity
E
No accommodation facilities available D
Bed Occupancy
E
D
Sufficiency (A-C)
E
Availability (A-C)
E
D Limited options for packaged drinking water facility
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is within the Kozhikode urban area.
C
D
Currently only packaged drinking water facility is
C
Currently drinking water facility is available in
Page | 71
Enroute/Onsite
Route
Kozhikode to Kakkayam
Kozhikode to Thusharagiri
Destination
Kakkayam dam site
Thusharagiri waterfalls
Parameters
Components
C
restaurants & resorts and retailed packaged water in kiosks.
E
No facilities available
D
A few bins around the first waterfall
D
Due to increase in domestic tourists, current facilities such as bins and garbage collection mechanism may need to be enhanced. Currently adequate but subject to outages during the summer
Supply (AC, Gen)
On Site
Parking
Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx)
Seating/ Resting
AC, Gen
E Will have to be acquired
Available(Y/N)
Y
Quality (A-C)
C
Availability (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Languages
On Site
Remarks
only available.
Electricity
Information Signages
Rating
D
On Site
On Site
Remarks
available.
A-C
Trained Guides
Beypore Beach
Rating
E
Solid Waste Management
Tourist Information Centers
Remarks
Quality(A-C)
On Site
On Site/or in City
Rating
Kozhikode to Beypore
AC, Gen
Limited available.
parking
space
Tourism information center is available with limited information
C Will have to be acquired or set aside by Dept of Forests Y C
AC, Gen
Limited parking space available.
Tourist information center is available
C Will have to be acquired
N -
-
-
D
B
C
English & Malayalam
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
E
English & Malayalam D
Quality (A-C)
E
C
C
On Site
Public Convenience
Availability (A-C)
E
D
C
On Site
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E)
E
D
C
Quality (A-C)
E
D
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
E
D
C
Quality (A-C)
E
D
C
On Site
Street Lighting
Parking facilities are available at the beach and have been upgraded recently There is a tourism information centre with basic information provided provided
Inadequate facilities to cater to current visitor numbers
Page | 72
Enroute/Onsite
Route
Kozhikode to Feroke
Kozhikode to Kadalundi
Destination
Tipu’s Fort Fort
Kadalundi bird sanctuary
Parameters
Enroute
Distance in km
Enroute
Approach Road
Components
Rating
Remarks
14 Quality (A-C)
Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
Rating
25
B
Access by Kallai road from Kozikode city center. Heavy congestion on main road.
B
Access from Kozhikode by Kadalundi road or NH-66
B
Metalled Metalled
Metalled NH
NH / SH 2
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C
C
C
Availability (A-C)
Enroute
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability Public Convenience availability
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66
Metalled
2
Modes Used by tourists
Private Taxis, Auto There are plenty of private services plying rickshaws, KSRTC) bus and private bus between Kozhikode to Beypore. In addition auto Buses. rickshaws are also B available. C Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout B Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions D The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. B Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi English and Malayalam ASI
Enroute
Direction Signages
Sufficiency (A-C)
Languages
On Site
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site
City/Town
Accommodation
Type
C
Capacity
C
Hotels, resorts and homestays in Kozhikode and around the destination Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity Kozhikode urban area.
Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses. C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
D
B
English and Malayalam Department of forest C
C
Availability (A-C)
C C
Currently drinking water facility is available in
C C
There are private bus services plying between Kozhikode to Tirurangadi. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
D
B
English and Malayalam Private Hotels, resorts and homestays in Kozhikode and around the destination Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity Kozhikode urban area. More home stays and resorts to be promoted to provide accommodation for high – end tourists Currently packaged drinking water is available
C
Quality(A-C)
Taxis, There are private bus Private services plying between Auto rickshaws, and Kozhikode to Beypore. KSRTC Buses. Other modes are personal private bus Buses. vehicles or private taxis C
C
Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-C)
Remarks
36
SH
Transport
Drinking Water facility
Tirurangadi Rating
Lanes
Enroute
On Site
Remarks
Kozhikode to Tirurangadi
C
Budget hotels and homestays around Tirurangadi town
C
C C
Currently packaged drinking water is available
C
Page | 73
Enroute/Onsite
On Site
Route
Kozhikode to Feroke
Kozhikode to Kadalundi
Destination
Tipu’s Fort Fort
Kadalundi bird sanctuary
Parameters
Solid Waste Management
Components
A-C
Remarks
Rating
Remarks
Rating
D
restaurants & resorts and retailed packaged water Currently no facilities
B
Additional facilities required
D
On Site
Electricity
Supply (AC, Gen)
AC, Gen
On Site
Parking
Sufficiency (A-C)
D
On Site/or in City
Tourist Information Centers
Trained Guides On Site
Information Signages
Available(Y/N)
N
Y
Quality (A-C)
-
Availability (A-C)
E
-
B
AC, Gen Currently people park along the roadside.
Tourist information center is available
D Will have to be acquired N E
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
B
Adequate signage available
Languages
-
-
English & Malayalam
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
C
C
Seating/ Resting
Quality (A-C)
C
On Site
Public Convenience
Availability (A-C)
D
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E)
Street Lighting
C Will have to be acquired
Need for a touri tourist st information center
C -
C
C
E
D
C
D
C
Quality (A-C)
C
B
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
B
D
C
Quality (A-C)
B
D
C
No facilities
Remarks
to provide forflow increasing tourist AC, Gen
Limited parking facilities
Will have to be acquired
On Site
On Site
Tirurangadi
Rating
provided.
Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx)
Kozhikode to Tirurangadi
Limited parking facility
Page | 74
Enroute/Onsite
Route
Kozhikode to Feroke
Kozhikode to Kadalundi
Destination
Tipu’s Fort Fort
Kadalundi bird sanctuary
Parameters
Enroute
Distance in km
Enroute
Approach Road
Components
Rating
Remarks
14 Quality (A-C)
Rating
25
B
Access by Kallai road from Kozikode city center. Heavy congestion on main road.
B
Access from Kozhikode by Kadalundi road or NH-66
B
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66
Metalled Metalled
Metalled
NH / SH
NH
Lanes
2
2
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C
C
C
Transport
Modes Used by tourists
Availability (A-C)
Enroute
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability Public Convenience availability
Private Taxis, Auto There are plenty of private services plying rickshaws, KSRTC) bus and private bus between Kozhikode to Beypore. In addition auto Buses. rickshaws are also B available. C Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout B Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions D The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. B Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi English and Malayalam ASI
Enroute
Direction Signages
Sufficiency (A-C)
Languages
On Site
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site
City/Town
Accommodation
Type
C
Capacity
C
Hotels, resorts and homestays in Kozhikode and around the destination Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity Kozhikode urban area.
Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses. C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
D
B
English and Malayalam Department of forest C
C
Availability (A-C)
C C
Currently drinking water facility is available in
C C
There are private bus services plying between Kozhikode to Tirurangadi. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
D
B
English and Malayalam Private Hotels, resorts and homestays in Kozhikode and around the destination Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity Kozhikode urban area. More home stays and resorts to be promoted to provide accommodation for high – end tourists Currently packaged drinking water is available
C
Quality(A-C)
Taxis, There are private bus Private services plying between Auto rickshaws, and Kozhikode to Beypore. KSRTC Buses. Other modes are personal private bus Buses. vehicles or private taxis C
C
Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-C)
Remarks
36
SH
Enroute
Drinking Water facility
Tirurangadi Rating
Metalled
Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
On Site
Remarks
Kozhikode to Tirurangadi
C
Budget hotels and homestays around Tirurangadi town
C
C C
Currently packaged drinking water is available
C
Page | 75
Enroute/Onsite
On Site
Route
Kozhikode to Feroke
Kozhikode to Kadalundi
Destination
Tipu’s Fort Fort
Kadalundi bird sanctuary
Parameters
Solid Waste Management
Components
A-C
Remarks
Rating
Remarks
Rating
D
restaurants & resorts and retailed packaged water Currently no facilities
B
Additional facilities required
D
On Site
Electricity
Supply (AC, Gen)
AC, Gen
On Site
Parking
Sufficiency (A-C)
D
On Site/or in City
Tourist Information Centers
Trained Guides On Site
Information Signages
Available(Y/N)
N
Y
Quality (A-C)
-
Availability (A-C)
E
-
B
AC, Gen Currently people park along the roadside.
Tourist information center is available
D Will have to be acquired N E
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
B
Adequate signage available
Languages
-
-
English & Malayalam
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
C
C
Seating/ Resting
Quality (A-C)
C
On Site
Public Convenience
Availability (A-C)
D
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E)
Street Lighting
C Will have to be acquired
Need for a touri tourist st information center
C -
C
C
E
D
C
D
C
Quality (A-C)
C
B
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
B
D
C
Quality (A-C)
B
D
C
No facilities
Remarks
to provide forflow increasing tourist AC, Gen
Limited parking facilities
Will have to be acquired
On Site
On Site
Tirurangadi
Rating
provided.
Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx)
Kozhikode to Tirurangadi
Limited parking facility
Page | 76
Enroute/Onsite Enroute/Onsi te
Route
Kozhikode to Tirur
Kozhikode to Ponnani
Destination
Tirur (Thunjan Parambu)
Ponnani (Biyam Kayal)
Parameters
Enroute
Distance in km
Enroute
Approach Road
Enroute
Enroute
Enroute
Components
Rating
Remarks
48 Quality (A-C) Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
Rating
Kozhikode to Thirunavaya Thirunavaya
Remarks
85 B Metalled NH
Remarks
B Metalled
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66 with some patches of road requiring upgradation
60 B Metalled
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66 with some patches of road requiring upgradation
Rating
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66 and Tirur-Kadalundi road with some patches of road requiring up-gradation.
NH, SH
NH, SH
Lanes
2
2
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C
C
C
Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city)
Modes Used by tourists Availabili ty (A-C)
. C
Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability
C
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
Public availability
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
B
Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
B Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. English and Malayalam
Convenience
Direction Signages
Sufficiency (A-C)
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations)
Languages
On Site
Land ownership of the Site
City/Town
Accommodation Accommodation
There are private bus services and KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Tirur. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. In addition train services are available between Kozhikode and Tirur railway station Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
English Malayalam
and
Thunchan Memorial Trust Type
Capacity Bed Occupancy
B B
There are private bus services and KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Ponnani. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. Auto rickshaws can be used for local conveyance from Ponnani town. Nearest railway station at Kuttipuram- 21 km Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
C
English and Malayalam
DTPC Malappuram Budget hotels and homestays Department of around Tirur town. Higher forest, DTPC quality accommodation such as hotels / homestays required to target higher end tourists B B
There are private bus services and KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Thirunavaya. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. Auto rickshaws can be used for local conveyance from Tirur town or Thirunavaya.. Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
C
Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam.
Thirunavaya temple trust Budget hotels and homestays around Ponnani town. Higher quality accommodation such as hotels / homestays homestays required to target higher end tourists
Limited accommodation around Thirunavaya as budget hotels and a small number of homestays. B B
Page | 77
Enroute/Onsite Enroute/Onsi te
On Site
Route
Kozhikode to Tirur
Kozhikode to Ponnani
Destination
Tirur (Thunjan Parambu)
Ponnani (Biyam Kayal)
Parameters
Drinking Water facility
Components
Rating
Sufficien cy (A-C)
B
Availability (A-C)
C
Quality(A-C)
B
On Site
Solid Waste Management
A-C
B
On Site On Site
Electricit y Parking
Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-C)
C
Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx)
On Site/or in City
Tourist Centers
Information Signages
Quality (A-C) Availability (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Languages
On Site
Seating/ Resting
Rating
Currently retailed packaged C
Currently
drinking water facility is available apart from restaurants and hotels Facilities to be up-graded to meet increased visitors
B D
Information guides are visitors
centre and Y available for B -
A and
retailed
packaged
Parking facilities available
C
water D AC, Gen C
N E
B
C
English and Malayalam
D
C
D
Quality (A-C)
B
D Limited facilities to cater to existing visitor numbers
center
D
D Facilities may be up-graded to provide for more visitor numbers
Retailed package drinking
B
Will have to be acquired
Tourist information available
Sufficien cy (A-C)
Remarks
B
be be
Y -
English Malayalam
Thirunavaya
Remarks
drinking water facility is available apart from restaurants and hotels Adequate to meet current visitors
AC, Gen C Limited parking space which may need to be increased if visitor numbers rise Will have to be acquired.
C Land may required to acquired
Rating
B
Information Available(Y/N Available(Y/N))
Trained Guides On Site
Remarks
Kozhikode to Thirunavaya
D
On Site
Public Convenience
Availability (A-C)
C
On Site
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-C)
-
C C
-
On Site
Street Lighting
Sufficien cy (A-C)
C
C
C
Quality (A-C)
C
C
C
Currently people park on the roadside.
Page | 78
Enroute/ Onsite
Enroute Enroute
Route
Kozhikode to Kottakal
Kozhikode to Kondotty
Destination
Kottakal
Kondotty
Parameters
Components
Distance in km
Transport
Quality (A-C)
Enroute
On Site City/ Town
On Site
Rating
from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Rating
The Access from Kozhikode by Palghat- Kozhikode Kozhikode road with some patches of road requiring requiring up-gradation
SH
29
B Metalled
Metalled
NH, SH
SH and town roads
SH
2
2
2
C
C
Availability (A-C)
C
Restaurants availability
C
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
B
Public Convenience availability
D
Sufficiency (A-C)
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site Accommodation
Languages
B English and Malayalam
There are private bus services and KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Kottakal. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis. Auto rickshaws can be used for local conveyance within Kottakal.
Private Buses, Auto rikshaw, KSRTC buses
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
D
Limited number of wayside amenities and budget restaurants available.
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam.
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
B
Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam.
B
Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam.
C
English and Malayalam
Kottakal Arya Vaidya Sala
Capacity
C
Bed Occupancy
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
Availability (A-C)
C
Limited accommodation around Kottakal as budget hotels and a small number of home stays. In addition the Arya Vaidya Sala has facilities for people receiving ayurvedic treatment.
C
English and Malayalam Vandoor sivan temple trust
There is a KTDC budget hotel. Otherwise limited accommodation around Kondotti as budget hotels and a small number of home stays. In addition the Arya Vaidya Sala has facilities for people receiving ayurvedic ayurvedic treatment.
C
C
Retailed package drinking
facility
Limited accommodation around Vandoor as budget hotels and a small number of home stays.
C
C C
C
Currently packaged drinking water is
water Quality(A-C)
There are private bus services and Private Buses, Auto There are private bus services KSRTC services plying between rikshaw, KSRTC and KSRTC services plying Kozhikode to Kondotti. Other modes are buses between Kozhikode to personal vehicles or private taxis. Auto Vandoor . Other modes are rickshaws can be used for local personal vehicles or private C taxis. conveyance within Kondotti. Kondotti is also 6 km from the international airport at Karipur
Pazhayangadi Mosque trust
Type
The Access from Kozhikode by SH 24 & 34 with some patches of road requiring upgradation
Metalled
C Private Buses, Auto rikshaw, KSRTC buses
Remarks
59
B
The Access from Kozhikode by NH-66 with som somee patches of road requiring upgradation
Riding Quality (A-E)
Direction Signages
Drinking Water
Vandoor Remarks
Lanes Modes Used by tourists
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations
Enroute
Remarks
48
Approach Road
Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
Enroute
Rating
Kozhikode to Vandoor
C
Currently packaged drinking
available
C
water is available
C
C
Page | 79
Enroute/ Onsite
Route
Kozhikode to Kottakal
Kozhikode to Kondotty
Destination
Kottakal
Kondotty
Parameters
Components
On Site
Solid Waste Management
A-C
On Site On Site
Electricity Parking
Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx)
On Site/or in City
On Site
Tourist Information Centers
Remarks
B AC, Gen D Will have to be acquired
Rating
Vandoor Remarks
B
Currently people park on the roadside.
AC, Gen C
Limited space available for parking.
Rating
Remarks
D
Absence of SWM
AC, Gen D
Will have to be acquired
Will have to be acquired N
Available(Y/N)) Available(Y/N
N
N
Quality (A-C)
-
-
-
Trained Guides
Availability (A-C)
E
E
E
Information Signages
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
C
C
Languages On Site
Seating/ Resting
On Site
Public Convenience
On Site
Shops/ Kiosks
On Site
Rating
Kozhikode to Vandoor
Street Lighting
English and Malayalam
-
-
C
C
C
Quality (A-C)
C
C
C
Availability (A-C)
C
C
C
Sufficiency (A-E)
-
C
B
Quality (A-C)
-
C
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
C
C
Quality (A-C)
C
C
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
Currently people park on the roadside.
Page | 80
Route Destination Parameters
Enroute/Onsite
Enroute
Distance in km
Enroute
Approach Road
Components
Quality (A-C) Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E)
Transport Enroute
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city)
Rating
43 Metalled SH 2 B C Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses. B
Availability (A-C) Restaurants availability
There are private bus services plying between Kozhikode to Nilambur. Other modes are personal vehicles or private taxis
C B
Wayside amenities & hotels are available along the route. Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
C
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Adequate signage are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly
Public Convenience availability English and Malayalam Enroute
Access from Kozhikode by SH 24 & 34 .
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
Wayside Amenities
Enroute
Modes Used by tourists
Kozhikode to Nilambur Nilambur (Connoly’s plantation, Adyan Para waterfalls) waterfalls) Remarks
Sufficiency (A-C) Languages
On Site
Direction Signages (Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site
City/Town
Accommodation
Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-C) Availability (A-C) Quality(A-C) A-C Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-C) Availability (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Languages Sufficiency (A-C)
On Site
Drinking Water facility
On Site On Site On Site
Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking
On Site/or in City
On Site
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages
On Site
Seating/ Resting
On Site On Site
Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks
On Site
Street Lighting
English, Malayalam and some Hindi
Department of forest C C C
Hotels, resorts and homestays in and around Nilambur Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity Kozhikode urban area. More home stays and resorts to be promoted to provide accommodation for high – high – end end tourists
C C C AC, Gen C Will have to be acquired
Currently packaged drinking water is available Additional facilities required to provide for increasing tourist flow
Limited parking facilities. In addition people park by the road side
Tourist information center is available Adequate signage available in English & Malayalam
C
Page | 81
2. Kozhikode- Wayanad Sub-Circuit Sub-Circuit
Enroute/Onsite
Enroute
En-route
Enroute
Enroute
Route
Kozhikode - Lakkidi
Kozhikode - Pookot lake
Destination
Lakkidi
Pookot lake
Parameters
Components
Distance in km
Approach Road
Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city)
Wayside Amenities
Rating
56 B
Lanes
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses.
There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Lakkidi.
Metalled
Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
SH
Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-C)
City/Town
Accommodation
2 Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses. Buses. C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
B
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor. Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
Convenience
Sufficiency (A-C) Languages
English & Malayalam
No specific site for development Private resorts & homestays Type Capacity
C
B
Metalled SH 2
Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal road connects Kozhikode to the destination. Overall road quality is good with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved
C There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to to Lakkidi. From Lakkidi auto-rickshaws or taxis are required to reach Pookot lake.
Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private bus Buses.
Wayside amenities, tourist resorts & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout. Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
C
Budget wayside amenities & restaurants are available with limited food options
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
C
Limited facilities for public conveniences in private wayside amenities and restaurants. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
Sufficient signage are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi
B
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to destination.
C
There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Kalpetta or Lakkidi destination. From the towns, taxis are required to reach waterfalls.
English & Malayalam
DTPC Private resorts & homestays
Remarks
B Pookot lake is located 3 km from Lakkidi with approach road off Kozhikode- MysoreKollegal road.
English & Malayalam
Requirement for more accommodation facilities and home stays to meet demand
Rating
83
C
C
B
On Site
SH
Restaurants availability
Public availability
Soochipara waterfall Remarks
B Metalled
B
C
Direction Signages (Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site
Rating
60 KozhikodeMysoreKollegal road connects Kozhikode to Lakkidi. Overall road quality is good with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved.
Quality (A-C) Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled)
Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
Enroute
R emarks
Kozhikode - Soochipara waterfall
Requirement for more accommodation facilities and home stays to meet demand
Department of Forest, Kerala Private resorts & homestays
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Bed Occupancy
Requirement for more accommodation facilities and home stays to meet demand
Sufficiency (A-C) On Site
Drinking
Water
C
Availability (A-C)
Currently drinking water
C
Currently drinking water facility is
Page | 82
Enroute/Onsite
Route
Kozhikode - Lakkidi
Kozhikode - Pookot lake
Destination
Lakkidi
Pookot lake
Parameters
Components
Rating
R emarks
Soochipara waterfall
Rating
Remarks
facility
Kozhikode - Soochipara waterfall Rating
Remarks
facility is available C
Quality(A-C)
only available from restaurants and retailed packaged water. C
C
C
AC, Gen
AC, Gen
C
C
C
Will have to be acquired
Y
Y
Quality (A-C)
C
C
Availability (A-C)
B
B
B
English & Malayalam B
English & Malayalam
English & Malayalam
C
C
C
C
C
D
On Site
Solid Waste Management
A-C
On Site
Electricity
Supply (AC, Gen)
On Site
Parking
Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking
Due to increase in domestic tourists, current facilities such as bins and garbage collection mechanism need to be upgraded. Currently adequate but subject to outages during the summer Parking space is available but gets congested in peak season,
C
Limited facilities other than a few bins.
AC, Gen C
Parking space available for visitors.
Will have to be acquired
Will need to be provided by the Dept of Irrigation or acquired.
Area of this land (approx) On Site/or in City
On Site
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages
Seating/ Resting
Quality (A-C) On Site
Availability (A-C)
On Site
Shops/ Kiosks
Sufficiency (A-E)
Street Lighting
There is a tourism information centre present with limited limited information. information...
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
Public Convenience
On Site
There is a tourism information centre with basic information provided
Sufficiency (A-C) Languages
On Site
Y
Available(Y/N)
C Inadequate facilities to cater to current visitor numbers
D
D
D
D
D
Inadequate facilities to cater to current visitor numbers
C
Quality (A-C)
C
Sufficiency (A-C)
C
D
D
Quality (A-C)
C
D
D
Page | 83
Enroute/Onsite
Enroute
Route
Kozhikode to Chembra peak
Kozhikode to Edakkal caves
Destination
Chembra peak
Edakkal caves
Parameters
Components
Distance in km
Rating
Remarks
Approach Road
Quality (A-C) Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)
Metalled SH
Lanes
2
Riding Quality (A-E)
C Private taxis, private buses and KSRTC bus services
Enroute
Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city)
Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-C)
C
C
Enroute
Wayside Amenities
Restaurants availability B Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability D
Public Convenience availability
B Mysore-
Kollegal road connects Kozhikode to Meppadi from where peak is located around 11 km away. Overall road quality is good with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved
Direction Signages
On Site
(Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations) Land ownership of the Site
City/Town
Accommodation
Metalled SH 2 C
There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Kalpetta or Meppady. Need to trek around 5 km from Meppady to reach the peak
Private taxis, private buses and KSRTC bus services
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
B
Enroute
Jain temple Remarks
98
83 B Kozhikode-
Enroute
Rating
Kozhikode to Kalpetta Rating
Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal road connects Kozhikode to Kalpetta from where destination is located around 20 km away. Overall road quality is good with patches of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Approach road is narrow (1.5 lane) and requires upgradation
B
Metalled SH 2
There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Kalpetta. From Kalpetta mostly depend on personal vehicles or taxis
Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and private bus Buses. C
There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode to Kalpetta. Other modes include private taxis and personal vehicles
C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
C
Wayside amenities & hotels are available with a number of budget restaurants available throughout
B
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions
B
D
The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
D
Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very poor.
C
B
Languages
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to destination.
Department of Forests, Kerala
A
Capacity
English and Malayalam
Adequate signage available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly mostly English, Malayalam. Need for more signages along the approach road to destination.
ASI
English and Malayalam
C
C
Beypore Port and DTPC Kozhikode Hotels, resorts and homestays C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Hotel, homestay and resorts
Type
Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal road connects Kozhikode to Kalpetta
C
Sufficiency (A-C) English and Malayalam
Remarks
71
Hotel, homestay and resorts
Bed Occupancy
Sufficient signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly English, Malayalam and some Hindi