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The transportation of oil and natural gas, pipelines serve as an important mode. Even solids arc also being transported through underground pipes after their conversion into slurry. This system has certain edges over other transport systems. 1. Pipelines are laid through water as well difficult and different type of terrains. 2. The operational and maintenance cost of pipelines is very less. Transportation through underground pipes has some demerits also like detection of leakage, repairing, safety and security of the pipelines. Pipeline length in India is about 6535km. The following are the major pipelines constructed in India for the transportation of petroleum and liquid gas. (i) Kandla Port - Koyali - Mathura refineries. (ii) Hazira (Gujarat) Jagdishpur (UP) liquid gas to fertilizer plants located at Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan), Auraiya, Aonla and Shahjahanpur (UP). (iii) Guwahati, Baranasi, Haldia and Kanpur are connected with oil fields of Assam. (iv) Kudremukh - Mangalore - Iron ore slurry. (v)Maton mines - Dcbari smelter plant in Udaipur district of Rajasthan phosphate concentrate. Transportation of coal slurry from the coal mines to thermal power stations through pipelines is under active consideration.
6 Major Pipelines of India
by Smriti Chand India
Pipeline :
Some of the important pipelines are briefly described as under: 1. Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni Pipeline: This was the first pipeline constructed in India to bring crude oil from Naharkatia oilfield to Nunmati.
Image Courtesy : www1.american.edu/ted/images4/pipeline.gif
It was later extended to transport crude oil to refinery at Barauni in Bihar. It is 1,167 km long. It is now extended to Kanpur in U.P. The pipeline between Naharkatia and Nunmati became operative in 1962 and that between Nunmati and Barauni in 1964. Construction work on pipeline from Barauni to Kanpur and Haldia was completed in 1966. It has a number of pumping stations and subsidiary pipelines. (i) Nunmati-Siliguri pipeline transport oil from Nunmati (Guwahati) in Assam to Siliguri in West Bengal. (ii) Lakwa-Rudrasagar-Barauni pipeline has been constructed to carry crude oil from Lakwa and Rudrasagar to oil refinery at Barauni. (iii) Barauni-Haldia pipeline, completed in 1966, transports refined petroleum products to Haldia port and bring back crude oil to Barauni refinery. (iv) Barauni-Kanpur pipeline carries refined petroleum products from Barauni to Kanpur. (v) Nunmati-Bangaigaon section of this pipe is used to transport raw materials for Bongaigaon petro-chemical complex. (vi) Haldia-Rajbandh-Maurigram pipeline has been constructed to meet the requirements of southern part of West Bengal. 2. Mumbai High-Mumbai-Ankleshwar-Kayoli Pipeline: This pipeline connects oilfields of Mumbai High and Gujarat with oil refinery at Koyali. A 210 km long double pipeline connects Mumbai with Mumbai High. It provides facilities for transporting crude oil and natural gas. Ankleshwar-Koyali pipeline was completed in 1965. It transports crude oil from Ankleshwar oilfield to Koyali refinery. 3. Salaya-Koyali-Mathura Pipeline: An important pipeline has been laid from Salaya in Gujarat to Mathura in U.P. via Viramgram. This is 1,256 km long pipeline which supplies crude oil to refineries at Koyali and Mathura. From Mathura, it has been extended to the oil refinery at Panipat in Haryana and further to Jalandhar in Punjab. It has an offshore terminal for imported crude oil. 4. Hajira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur (HBJ) Gas Pipeline:
This pipeline has been constructed by Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) to transport gas. It is 1,750 km long and connects Hazira in Maharashtra to Bijapur in M.P. and Jagdishpur in U.P. It carries 18 million cubic metres of gas everyday to three power houses at Kawas (Gujarat), Anta (Rajasthan) and Auraiya (U.P.) and to six fertilizer plants at Bijapur, Sawai Madhopur,. Jagdishpur, Shahjahanpur, Aonla and Babrala. Each of the fertilizer plants has a capacity of producing 1,350 tonnes of ammonia per day. The construction of this pipeline is a unique engineering feat and has been completed at an estimated cost of over Rs. 1,700 crore. The pipeline passes through 343.7 km long rocky area, 56.3 km long forest area, besides crossing 29 railway crossings and 75 big and small rivers. This is the world s largest underground pipeline and has brought about a big transformation in the economy of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. It has been extended upto Delhi so that enough gas is made available to meet the growing demand of the capital city. 5. Jamnagar-Loni LPG Pipeline: This 1,269 km long pipeline has been constructed by Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) at the cost of Rs. 1,250 crore. It connects Jamnagar in Gujarat to Loni near Delhi in U.P. and passes through the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and U.P. This is the longest LPG pipeline of the world. It is like transporting 3.5 lakh LPG gas cylinders across 1,269 km every day and its capacity is being increased to 5.0 lakh cylinder per day. It will result in net saving of Rs. 500 crore per year by eliminating road tanker movement and lead to reduction of about 10,000 tonnes of pollutant emission per year. This is the first time that cross-country pipeline has been used to transport LPG adding to availability of supplies, safety in transportation and wider distribution. LPG is received at various points along the route for bottling in Ajmer and Jaipur (Rajasthan), Piyala (Haryana), Madanpur Khadar (Delhi) and Loni (U.P.). Phase-I of the pipeline was completed in 2001 and Phase-II was completed in 2003. Its capacity will be expanded from the current level of 1.7 million tonnes to 2.5 million tonnes. 6. Kandla-Bhatinda Pipeline: This 1,331 km long pipeline is proposed to be constructed for transporting crude oil to the proposed refinery at Bhatinda. It is to be constructed by IOC at the estimated cost of Rs. 690 crore.
Apart from the above mentioned important pipelines, several other pipelines have also been laid in different parts of the country. Construction of some of them has already been completed while others are at different stages of completion. In Gujarat, a number of pipelines carry crude oil, gas and refined products to refineries and markets.
Important pipelines include the Kalol-Sabarmati Crude Pipeline, the Nawgam-Kalol-Koyali Crude Pipeline, the Cambay-Dhiwaran Gas Pipeline, the Ankleshwar- Uttaran Gas Pipeline, the Ankleshwar-Vadodara Associated Gas Pipeline, and the Koyali-Ahmedabad Products Pipeline. Mumbai is an important centre for petroleum products. As such, it is joined with Pune and Manmad by pipelines. The Haldia-Kolkata pipeline caters to the needs of Kolkata and its neighbouring areas. The Gas Authority of India Ltd. (GAIL) has drawn up an ambitious plan at the cost of Rs. 10,000 crore for the “near term” which includes projects for integrating the gas pipeline network through capacity expansion and adding new pipelines. Some of the pipelines for which the preliminary work has been completed are the Dahej-Vijaipur pipeline, 300 km north-south Gujarat pipeline, Dehej- Hazira-Uran pipeline (400 km), KochiMangalore-Bangalore pipeline (900 km) and Phase III of pipeline network in Andhra Pradesh. A 600 km Vishakhapatnam-Secunderabad pipeline of 1.1 million tonnes capacity would also be put at the cost of Rs. 490 crore. Some of the other proposed pipelines include the Kanpur-Bina, Mangalore-Chennai, Vijayawada-Vishakhapatnam, and Haldia-Budge Budge pipelines.
Related articles:
1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pipelines in India! 2. Oilfields: Major Oilfields found in India 3. Ports of India: 11 Major Ports of India Are Listed Below 4. Petroleum in India: Origin, Reserves, Production and other details 5. Productions (Utilisation) of Natural Gas in India 6. Industrial Regions: 8 Major Industrial Regions of India 7. 13 Major Iron and Steel Plants of India 8. 4 Major Forms of Fisheries Found in India 9. Heavy Organic and Inorganic Chemical Industries of India 10. 4 Major Causes of Migration in India Articles on Pipeline No comments yet.
The transportation of oil and natural gas, pipelines serve as an important mode. Even solids arc also being transported through underground pipes after their conversion into slurry. This system has certain edges over other transport systems. 1. Pipelines are laid through water as well difficult and different type of terrains. 2. The operational and maintenance cost of pipelines is very less. Transportation through underground pipes has some demerits also like detection of leakage, repairing, safety and security of the pipelines. Pipeline length in India is about 6535km. The following are the major pipelines constructed in India for the transportation of petroleum and liquid gas. (i) Kandla Port - Koyali - Mathura refineries. (ii) Hazira (Gujarat) Jagdishpur (UP) liquid gas to fertilizer plants located at Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan), Auraiya, Aonla and Shahjahanpur (UP). (iii) Guwahati, Baranasi, Haldia and Kanpur are connected with oil fields of Assam. (iv) Kudremukh - Mangalore - Iron ore slurry. (v)Maton mines - Dcbari smelter plant in Udaipur district of Rajasthan phosphate concentrate. Transportation of coal slurry from the coal mines to thermal power stations through pipelines is under active consideration.
6 Major Pipelines of India
by Smriti Chand India
Pipeline :
Some of the important pipelines are briefly described as under: 1. Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni Pipeline: This was the first pipeline constructed in India to bring crude oil from Naharkatia oilfield to Nunmati.
Image Courtesy : www1.american.edu/ted/images4/pipeline.gif
It was later extended to transport crude oil to refinery at Barauni in Bihar. It is 1,167 km long. It is now extended to Kanpur in U.P. The pipeline between Naharkatia and Nunmati became operative in 1962 and that between Nunmati and Barauni in 1964. Construction work on pipeline from Barauni to Kanpur and Haldia was completed in 1966. It has a number of pumping stations and subsidiary pipelines. (i) Nunmati-Siliguri pipeline transport oil from Nunmati (Guwahati) in Assam to Siliguri in West Bengal. (ii) Lakwa-Rudrasagar-Barauni pipeline has been constructed to carry crude oil from Lakwa and Rudrasagar to oil refinery at Barauni. (iii) Barauni-Haldia pipeline, completed in 1966, transports refined petroleum products to Haldia port and bring back crude oil to Barauni refinery. (iv) Barauni-Kanpur pipeline carries refined petroleum products from Barauni to Kanpur. (v) Nunmati-Bangaigaon section of this pipe is used to transport raw materials for Bongaigaon petro-chemical complex. (vi) Haldia-Rajbandh-Maurigram pipeline has been constructed to meet the requirements of southern part of West Bengal. 2. Mumbai High-Mumbai-Ankleshwar-Kayoli Pipeline: This pipeline connects oilfields of Mumbai High and Gujarat with oil refinery at Koyali. A 210 km long double pipeline connects Mumbai with Mumbai High. It provides facilities for transporting crude oil and natural gas. Ankleshwar-Koyali pipeline was completed in 1965. It transports crude oil from Ankleshwar oilfield to Koyali refinery. 3. Salaya-Koyali-Mathura Pipeline: An important pipeline has been laid from Salaya in Gujarat to Mathura in U.P. via Viramgram. This is 1,256 km long pipeline which supplies crude oil to refineries at Koyali and Mathura. From Mathura, it has been extended to the oil refinery at Panipat in Haryana and further to Jalandhar in Punjab. It has an offshore terminal for imported crude oil. 4. Hajira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur (HBJ) Gas Pipeline:
This pipeline has been constructed by Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) to transport gas. It is 1,750 km long and connects Hazira in Maharashtra to Bijapur in M.P. and Jagdishpur in U.P. It carries 18 million cubic metres of gas everyday to three power houses at Kawas (Gujarat), Anta (Rajasthan) and Auraiya (U.P.) and to six fertilizer plants at Bijapur, Sawai Madhopur,. Jagdishpur, Shahjahanpur, Aonla and Babrala. Each of the fertilizer plants has a capacity of producing 1,350 tonnes of ammonia per day. The construction of this pipeline is a unique engineering feat and has been completed at an estimated cost of over Rs. 1,700 crore. The pipeline passes through 343.7 km long rocky area, 56.3 km long forest area, besides crossing 29 railway crossings and 75 big and small rivers. This is the world s largest underground pipeline and has brought about a big transformation in the economy of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. It has been extended upto Delhi so that enough gas is made available to meet the growing demand of the capital city. 5. Jamnagar-Loni LPG Pipeline: This 1,269 km long pipeline has been constructed by Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) at the cost of Rs. 1,250 crore. It connects Jamnagar in Gujarat to Loni near Delhi in U.P. and passes through the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and U.P. This is the longest LPG pipeline of the world. It is like transporting 3.5 lakh LPG gas cylinders across 1,269 km every day and its capacity is being increased to 5.0 lakh cylinder per day. It will result in net saving of Rs. 500 crore per year by eliminating road tanker movement and lead to reduction of about 10,000 tonnes of pollutant emission per year. This is the first time that cross-country pipeline has been used to transport LPG adding to availability of supplies, safety in transportation and wider distribution. LPG is received at various points along the route for bottling in Ajmer and Jaipur (Rajasthan), Piyala (Haryana), Madanpur Khadar (Delhi) and Loni (U.P.). Phase-I of the pipeline was completed in 2001 and Phase-II was completed in 2003. Its capacity will be expanded from the current level of 1.7 million tonnes to 2.5 million tonnes. 6. Kandla-Bhatinda Pipeline: This 1,331 km long pipeline is proposed to be constructed for transporting crude oil to the proposed refinery at Bhatinda. It is to be constructed by IOC at the estimated cost of Rs. 690 crore.
Apart from the above mentioned important pipelines, several other pipelines have also been laid in different parts of the country. Construction of some of them has already been completed while others are at different stages of completion. In Gujarat, a number of pipelines carry crude oil, gas and refined products to refineries and markets.
Important pipelines include the Kalol-Sabarmati Crude Pipeline, the Nawgam-Kalol-Koyali Crude Pipeline, the Cambay-Dhiwaran Gas Pipeline, the Ankleshwar- Uttaran Gas Pipeline, the Ankleshwar-Vadodara Associated Gas Pipeline, and the Koyali-Ahmedabad Products Pipeline. Mumbai is an important centre for petroleum products. As such, it is joined with Pune and Manmad by pipelines. The Haldia-Kolkata pipeline caters to the needs of Kolkata and its neighbouring areas. The Gas Authority of India Ltd. (GAIL) has drawn up an ambitious plan at the cost of Rs. 10,000 crore for the “near term” which includes projects for integrating the gas pipeline network through capacity expansion and adding new pipelines. Some of the pipelines for which the preliminary work has been completed are the Dahej-Vijaipur pipeline, 300 km north-south Gujarat pipeline, Dehej- Hazira-Uran pipeline (400 km), KochiMangalore-Bangalore pipeline (900 km) and Phase III of pipeline network in Andhra Pradesh. A 600 km Vishakhapatnam-Secunderabad pipeline of 1.1 million tonnes capacity would also be put at the cost of Rs. 490 crore. Some of the other proposed pipelines include the Kanpur-Bina, Mangalore-Chennai, Vijayawada-Vishakhapatnam, and Haldia-Budge Budge pipelines.
Related articles:
1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pipelines in India! 2. Oilfields: Major Oilfields found in India 3. Ports of India: 11 Major Ports of India Are Listed Below 4. Petroleum in India: Origin, Reserves, Production and other details 5. Productions (Utilisation) of Natural Gas in India 6. Industrial Regions: 8 Major Industrial Regions of India 7. 13 Major Iron and Steel Plants of India 8. 4 Major Forms of Fisheries Found in India 9. Heavy Organic and Inorganic Chemical Industries of India 10. 4 Major Causes of Migration in India Articles on Pipeline No comments yet.
