Program Models for Teacher Education

 

Program Models in Teacher Education Development of Teacher Programs in light of education policies in Pakista Pakistan n Teacher in Pakistan  Teacher"  Teacher" is the core to achieve quality education Pakist Pakistan an pursues. The teachi tea ching ng for force ce in Paki akist stan an is est estima imated ted to be 1.3 1.35 5 milli million on wo worki rking ng in gover gov ernm nment ent sch school ools s fr from om pri prima mary ry to hig higher her edu educat cation ion.. The There re are are !5 teacher teach er train training ing inst instituti itutions ons providi providing ng pr preser eservice vice train training ing #cer #certi$ca ti$cates% tes% di dipl plom omas as an and d de degr gree ees& s&.. 'n ad addi diti tion on%% th ther ere e are are 3(( 3(( teac teache herr trai traini ning ng re resou sourc rce e cen centr tres es in the dis distri tricts cts.. The tea teache cherr tra traini ining ng ins instit tituti utions ons are are manage man aged d by the )ur )ureau eau of *u *urr rricu iculum lum and +,t +,tens ension ion for pr pres eserv ervice ice programs while the Provincial 'nstitutes of Teacher +ducation #P'T+s& are responsible responsib le for inservice training programs

Commission on National Education, 1959  The commission on -ational +ducation was appointed by a resolutio resolution n th adopted by the government on 3(  ecember% 1/50. 't was inaugurated by the President yub 2han on anuary 5% 1/5/. Teacher Training  The commission was of the view that teachers must be trained properly before entering teaching profession. Teachers should be paid adequate salary. Teachers from class 4' should work for 5 days during the year #e #e, ,cl clud udin ing g va vaca cati tion on&. &. Th The e se serv rvic ice e of +d +duc ucat atio ion n +, +,te tens nsio ion n *e *ent ntrres established to improve the quality of +ducation% should be fully utili6ed by the *entral and Provincial 7overnm 7overnments. ents.

National Education polic, 19!" #ackground n +ducation *onference in 1/!! was held at 'slamabad% which provided both spirit and substance to the -ational +ducation Policy 1/!0% by 8artial 9aw :egime. The factors which led to the formulation of policy are better r+ducation e; e;ec ecte ted d in th e policy stat statem emen entt of 8r 8u 8uha hamm mmad ad li lfeatures i <. <o <oti ti% % the 8i 8ini nist ster er of  on the the while presenting its silent in cabinet meeting on 1th =ctober% 1/!0. Teacher Education  The policy maintained that candidates admitted to the teacher education instit ins tituti utions ons wou would ld be re requi quire red d to pos posses sess s str strong ong com commit mitme ment nt to the id ideo eolo logy gy of Pak akis isttan an.. 't ha had d furt furthe herr stat stated ed th that at in or orde derr to en ensu surre continuous professional professional growth% all teachers would be requir required ed to undergo at least one inservice training course during every $ve years. ll the prim pr imar ary y teac teache herr tr trai aini ning ng inst instit itut utio ions ns an and d no norrma mall sc scho hool ols s wo woul uld d be upgrad upg raded ed to col colleg lege e of ele elemen mentar tary y tea teache chers. rs. Th The e aca academ demy y of <ig <igher her +ducation of the >niversity 7rants *ommission would provide preservice and an d at le leas astt on one e ins inser ervi vice ce tr trai aini ning ng op oppo port rtun unit ity y to all >n >niv iver ersi sity ty an and d college teachers every $ve years.

 

=ther pr =ther provi ovisio sions ns lai laid d dow down n in the po polic licy y re relat lated ed to the const constitu itutio tion n of  dm dmis issi sion on *o *omm mmit itte tees es for for th the e se selec lecti tion on of the the su suit itab able le ca cand ndid idat ates es acco ac corrdi ding ng to th the e pr prin inci cipl ples es laid laid do down wn in the the po poli licy cy?? str stren engt gthe heni ning ng of  Pr Provinc ovincial ial +duc +ducation ation +,ten +,tension sion *entr *entres es and inse inservice rvice train training ing centr centres? es? streng str engthe thenin ning g of in inser servic vice e tra traini ining ng fac facilit ilities ies of the ll llam ama a 'qb 'qbal al =pe =pen n >niversity and revision of preservice curricula at PT*% *T% ).+% 8.+.% 9evels.

Provisions of Education in $ive ears Plans The $ifth $ive %ear Plan &19!"'"() Teacher Education  -ational committee on elementary Teacher +ducation *urriculum% set up by the government in 1/!(!5% has completed work on the preparation of  new curriculum for the inservice and preservice training of elementary teachers. The new curriculum has been introduced from 1/!@!! and the duration of training has been e,tended to 1( months by making teacher training a nonvocation program. Apecial training programs are also being conducted to train teacher trainers for the elementary teacher training colleges. They devised a new curriculum for the training of secondary school teachers completed its work in 1/!@!!. Pre revised curriculum for the inservice and preservice training of secondary school teachers has been introduced from the academic years 1/!@!!.  To  To impro improve ve the teaching faculty of training institutions persons holding pedagogical degrees such as 8.+ and P<. in education will be placed on the staB of the training colleges. The *i+th $ive'%ear Plan &19"('"") Teacher Education  The primary and secondary schooling targets would requir require e an additional (( teachers including appro,imately C( thousand 'mams. nother C5 thousand teachers will be needed for replacement.  T  Teacher eacher training facilities ar are e adequate for the new teachers. teachers.  There are !1 institutions for the training of primary and undergraduate secondary school teachers. •

•

•

•

•

•

7radua 7rad uate te teac teache hers rs are are tr trai aine ned d in 1C co coll lleg eges es an and d fo four ur un univ iver ersi sity ty departments. 'nstitute of +ducation and research of the universities of the PunDab. Aindh and Peshawar and a few training colleges oBer courses in 8aster of +ducation. *apaci *ap acity ty of the e, e,ist isting ing ins instit tituti utions ons is suE suEcie cient nt to tra train in abo about ut 1( thousand primary and 5( thousand secondary school teachers required required for the proposed programs of primary and secondary education.

*eventh $ive'%ear Plan &19""'9() Teacher Education  The seventh plan reoriented reoriented the educational str structure ucture as fo follow llowFF 'n or order der to imp impro rove ve the qu qualit ality y of educa educatio tion n in secon secondar dary y sch school ools% s% •

teachers possessing a bachelor of education #).+& degree will also be

 

• •

•

•

•

appointed along with those holding a certi$cate of teaching #*T& to teach classes 4'% 4'' and 4'''.  The number of ).+ ).+ teachers will be incr increased eased gradually gradually.. +,isting incentive for 8.+ teachers will be continued so that a large number of 8.+ teachers become available to teach classes ' and .  T  Teachers eachers for class ' and '' will be requir required ed to possess at least masterGs degree in the relevant subDect preferably with three to si, months training in educational theory and practice.  The courses for *T will also include methods of teaching at primary level while ).+. *ourses will include teaching at the middle level. 'f trained teachers are not available% untrained persons with higher quali$cations will be appointed and allowed salaries according to their quali$cations. eference  +ducation in Pakistan% 1st edition )y A.8. Ahahid% pp 0@% /3% /!% 1!% 10% 13%1C(% 1C3.