Project New York City

Published on March 2017 | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 22 | Comments: 0 | Views: 178
of 9
Download PDF   Embed   Report

Comments

Content

 

N ew York Ci Citt y

 Morar Alexandru, cls. a IX-a A

  -1-

 

N ew YYork ork Ci Citt y  

History His tory of New York City City The city we know as New York City City is  is one of the most exciting and vibrant cities in the world.

New York is known as a center of finance, entertainment, museums, sports and much more. The first native New Yorkers were the Lenape, an Algonquin people who hunted, fished and farmed in the area between the Delaware and Hudson rivers. Europeans began to explore the region at the beginning of the 16th century–among the first was Giovanni da Verrazzano, Verrazzano , an Italian who sailed up and down the Atlantic coast in search of a route to Asia–but none settled there until 1624. That year, the Dutch West India Company sent some 30 families to live and work in a tiny settlement on “Nutten Island” (today’s Governors Island) that they called New Amsterdam . In 1626, the settlement’s governor general, Peter Minuit, purchased the much larger Manhattan Island from the natives for 60 guilders in trade goods such as tools, farming equipment, cloth and wampum (shell beads). Fewer than 300 people lived in New Amsterdam when the settlement moved to Manhattan. But it grew quickly, and in 1760 the city (now called New York City;  population 18,000) 1 8,000) surpassed Boston to become tthe he second-largest city in tthe he American colonies. Fifty  years later, with a population 202,589, it became the largest city in the W Western estern hemisphere. Today, more than 8 million people live in the city’s five boroughs. New York City in the 18th Century In 1664, the British seized New Amsterdam from the Dutch and gave it a new name: New  For the next century, the population of New York City grew larger and more diverse: It York City. City. For included immigrants from the Netherlands, England, France and Germany; indentured servants; and  African slaves. 1664 An early picture of New Amsterdam made in the year when it was conquered by the English under Richard Nicolls.

  -2-

 

Did You K now? New Y ork City sserved erved as tthe he capital of the United State Statess from 1785 to 1790. During the 1760s and 1770s, the city was a center of anti-British activity–for instance, after the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765, New Yorkers closed their businesses in protest and burned the royal governor in effigy. However, the city was also strategically important, and the British tried to seize it almost as soon as the Revolutionary War began. In August 1776, despite the best efforts of George Washington’s Continental Army in Brooklyn and Harlem Heights, New York City fell to the British. Briti sh. It served as a British military base until 1783 .

New York City in the 19th Century The city recovered quickly from the war, war , and by 1810 it was one of the nation’s most important  ports. It played a particularl particularlyy significant rrole ole in the cotton economy: Southern planters sent their crop to the East River docks, where it was shipped to the mills of Manchester and other English industrial manufacturers  shipped their finished goods back to New York. But there was no cities. Then, textile manufacturers shipped easy way to carry goods back and forth from the growing agricultural hinterlands to the north and west until 1817, when work began on a 363-mile canal from the Hudson River to Lake Erie. The Erie Canal was completed in 1825.  At last, New York C City ity was the trading capital of the nation. As the city gre grew, w, it made other infrastructural improvements. In 1811, the “Comm issioner issioner’s ’s Plan” Plan” established  established an orderly grid of streets and avenues for the undeveloped parts of Manhattan north of Houston Street. In 1837, construction began on the Croton Aqueduct, which provided clean water for the city’s growing population. Eight  years after that, the city established its first municipal agency: the New York City Police Department. Meanwhile, increasing number of immigrants, first from Germany and Ireland during the 1840s and 50s and then from Southern and Eastern Europe, changed the face of the city. They settled in distinct ethnic neighborhoods, started businesses, joined trade unions and political organizations and built churches and social clubs. For example, the predominantly Irish-American Democratic club known as Tammany Hall became the city’s most powerful political machine by trading favors such as jobs, services and other kinds of aid for votes.

New York City in the 20th Century  At the turn of the 20th century, New York City became the city we know today. In 1895, residents of Queens, the Bronx, Staten Island and Brooklyn–all independent cities at that time–voted   -3-

 

five-borough   “Greater New York.” As a result, on to “consolidate” with Manhattan to form a five-borough  December 31, 1897, New York City had an area of 60 square miles and a population of a little more than 2 million people; on January 1, 1898, when the consolidation plan took effect, New York City had an area of 360 square miles and a population of about 3,350,000 people. The 20th century was an era of great struggle for American cities, and New York was no exception. The construction of interstate highways and suburbs after World War II encouraged affluent people to leave the city, which combined with deindustrialization and other economic changes to lower the tax base and diminish public services. This, in turn, led to more out-migration and “white  flight.” However, the Hart-Cellar Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 made it possible for immigrants from Asia, Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America to come to the United States. Many of these newcomers settled in New York City, revitalizing many neighborhoods.

New York City in the New M illennium illennium On September 11, 2001, New 2001,  New York City suffered the deadliest terrorist attack in the history of the United States when a group of terrorists crashed two hijacked jets into the city’s tallest buildings: Center.. The buildings were destroyed and nearly 3,000 people were the twin towers of the W orld Trade Center killed. In the wake of the disaster, the city remained a major m ajor financial capital and tourist t ourist magnet, with over 40 million tourists visiting the city each year. Today, more than 8 million New Yorkers live in the five boroughs–more than one-third of whom were born outside the United States. Thanks to the city’s diversity and vibrant intellectual life, it remains the cultural capital of the United States. People walk dow n Vesey Street, past the construction site at Groun d Zero, site of the 911 terrorist attacks, in New Y ork.

World Trade Center before 2011   -4-

 

 

Geography New York City is in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State,

approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island, making land scarce and encouraging a high  population density. The city's total area is 468.9 square miles (1,214 km2).  164.1 sq mi (425 km2) of this is water and 304.8 sq mi (789 km2) is land. The highest point in the city is Todt Hill on Staten Island, which, at 409.8 feet (124.9 m) above sea level, is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine. The summit of the ridge is i s mostly covered in woodlands as part of the Staten Island Greenbelt. boroughs . Each borough is coextensive with a respective New York City is composed of five boroughs. county of New York State as shown below. Throughout the boroughs there are hundreds of distinct neighborhoods, many with a definable history and character to call their own. If the boroughs were each independent cities, four of the boroughs (Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx) would be among the ten most populous cities ci ties in the United States. The five boroughs of New York ci city ty are:

View of Manhattan at night

o

  Manhattan (New York County) County)  - is the most densely populated borough and is home to Central Park and most of the city's skyscrapers. Most of the borough is on Manhattan Island, at the mouth of the Hudson River. Ri ver.

o

County)  - is New York City's northernmost borough, the location of   The Bronx (Bronx County) Yankee Stadium, home of the New York Yankees, and home to the largest cooperatively owned housing complex in the United States, Co-op City.

  -5-

 

o

  Brooklyn (Kings County)  County)   - on the western tip of Long Island, is the city's most  populous borough and was an independent city until 1898. Bro Brooklyn oklyn is known for its cultural, social and ethnic diversity, an independent art scene, distinct neighborhoods, and a distinctive architectural heritage.

o

County)   - on Long Island east of Brooklyn, is geographically the   Queens (Queens County)  largest borough, the most ethnically diverse county in the United States,[152] as well as the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world.

o

  Staten Island (Richmond County)  County)   - is the most suburban in character of the five boroughs. Staten Island is connected to Brooklyn by the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge and to Manhattan by way of the free Staten Island Ferry, a daily commuter ferry and  popular tourist attraction which provides unobstructed views of the Statue of Li Liberty, berty, Ellis Island, and Lower Manhattan.

New York's state flower is the rose. 

 

New York's state tree is the

New Y ork's state bir birdd is the bluebird.

sugar maple

Different Diff erent aspects of New Yo York rk The City of New York has a complex park system, system , with various lands operated by the National

Park Service, the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, and the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. In its 2013 ParkScore ranking, The Trust for Public h e second best park system system am ong the 50 Land reported that the park system in New York City was t he most populous U.S. cities, behind cities,  behind the park system of Minneapolis. New York City has over 28,000 acres (110 km2) of municipal parkland and 14 miles (23 km) of  public beaches. Parks in New York City include Central Park, Prospect Park, Flushing Meadows– Corona Park, Forest Park, and Washington Square Park.   The largest municipal park in the city is Pelham Bay Park with 2,700 acres (1,093 ha).   -6-

 

Air view of New Y ork New York City is home to Fort Hamilton, Hamilton , the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city. Established in 1825 in Brooklyn on the site of a small battery utilized during the  American Revolution, it is one of America's longest serving military forts. New York City is the most-populous city city in the United States States,, with an estimated record high residents ts   as of 2013 2013,, incorporating more immigration into the city than outmigration of 8,405,837 residen since the 2010 United States Census. The city's population in 2010 was 44

white   (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5 white

American,, and 12.7 Hispanic black), 0.7 Native American

black (23% non- 

Asian . Hispanics of any race represented 28.6% of Asian.

the population. New York is a global hub of internat international ional busine business ss and commerce commerce and  and is one of three "command centers" for the world economy (along with London and Tokyo). New York City's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S.financial industry, metonymously known Street . The city's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to as W all Street  form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine. Tourism   is a vital industry for New York City, which has witnessed a growing combined Tourism volume of international and domestic tourists – receiving approximately 49 million tourists in 2010, 51 million in 2011, and a record 54 million tourists in 2013 . Tourism has continued to generate an increasing economic impact upon the city, exceeding US$55 billion annually. industry , with many films, New York is a prominent location for the American entertainment industry, television series, books, and other media being set there. As of 2012, New York City was the second largest center for film and television production in the United States, producing about 200 feature  films annually, employing 130,000 individuals, and generating an estimated $7.1 billion in direct   -7-

 

expenditures,and by volume, New York is the w orl orldd leader in independent film production production;; one-third of all American independent films fil ms are produced in New York City. New York City is additionally a center for the advertising, music, newspaper, and book publishing industries and is also the largest media market in North America. New York City has more than 2,000 arts and cultural organizations and more than 500 art galleries galleries of all sizes. The city government funds the arts with a larger annual budget than the National Endowment for the Arts. New York City's food culture includes a variety of international cuisines influenced by the city's immigrant history. Central history.  Central European and Italian immigrants originally made the city famous for bagels, cheesecake, and New York-style pizza, while Chinese and other Asian restaurants, sandwich  joints, trattorias, diners, and coffeehouses have become ubiquitous. Some 4,000 mobile food vendors licensed by the city, many immigrant-owned, have made Middle Eastern foods such as falafel and kebabs popular examples of modern New York street food. The city is also home to nearly one thousand of the finest and most diverse haute cuisine cui sine restaurants in the world, according to Michelin. Mi chelin. The Statue of Liberty' Liberty'ss  original title is Liberty Enlightening the World and is located in New York Harbor. The monument was given by France to the US in October 28, 1886 to commemorate the 100 year anniversary of The T he Declaration of Independence.

For more than 40 years,

Empire State Building   in New York Building the

City was the tallest anywhere. As it stands today, it is no longer in the top 10 tallest buildings in the world but still an important icon of New York City

  -8-

 

The Niagara Falls  Falls   are waterfalls

located

between the US and Canadian

cities

of

Niagara Falls, Ontario and Niagara Falls, New York. Since the 1800's they have been a valuable source of hydroelectric power for the area.

 

Bibliography     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City#Geography

o

  http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city

o

  http://www.history.com/topics/us-states/new-york/pictures/new-york/new- 

o

 york-city-2

  http://www.newyork.com/resources/history-new-york-city/

o

  -9-

Sponsor Documents

Or use your account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Forgot your password?

Or register your new account on DocShare.tips

Hide

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link to create a new password.

Back to log-in

Close