Propiedad Industrial Intelectual CORREGVM

PROPIEDAD
INTELECTUAL
E
INDUSTRIAL
GLOSARIO
INGLÉS-ESPAÑOL
I.E.S.L.V. Juan Ramón Fernández
Introducción a la Interpretación
Prof: Victoria Massa
lumno: Lucas !ómez Pont
"o: #$$%
PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL E INDUSTRIAL
GLOSARIO DE TÉRMINOS
1
A
1. abandonment: A mark is considered abandoned when its use in commerce has been
discontinued with intent not to resume such use, depending on the country or jurisdiction.
abandono
presumpton o! a.: Statutory presumption that a party that has not used its mark for
two years has abandoned its rights on the mark.
presun"#n de abandono
$. a"%ues"en"e& Failure to take action against infringing parties, which can lead to loss of
trademark rights.
a%ues"en"a'"onsentmento'"on!ormdad
(. a!!)aton& Placement of a mark on the goods identified by the mark, on packaging for
the goods, or on signs, displays, invoices or other objects.
"o*o"a"#n
+. A!r"an Re,ona* Industra* Propert- Or,an.aton /ARIPO0& established to pool the
resources of its member countries in industrial property matters together in order to avoid
duplication of financial and human resources.http:!!www.aripo.wipo.net!"
Or,an.a"#n Re,ona* A!r"ana de *a
Propedad Industra*
1. A*ternat2e Dspute Reso*uton /ADR0& form of mediation and arbitration to resolve
disputes outside traditional litigation channels.
#
$t is worth mentioning that there e%ists no difference in meaning between the terms &trademark' and &trade
mark'. (he former is the common spelling in the )S, whereas the latter represents the spelling in the )*.
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Reso*u"#n a*ternat2a de "ontro2ersas'
*t,os
3. ambus4 mar5etn,& Advertising strategy in which a company associates its mark with
an event without being an official sponsor.
mar5etn, par6sto
7. amendment& 3evision or change to an application or registration.
enmenda
e)amner8s a.: 4ommunication from an 5%amining Attorney to an applicant
advising that the application has been amended by the trademark office. $n most cases this
procedure must be authori.ed by the applicant.
enmenda de* e)amnador
9. Amer"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- La: Asso"aton /AIPLA0& national bar association
constituted primarily by lawyers in private and corporate practice, in government service,
and in the academic community. http:!!www.aipla.org!"
Aso"a"#n Amer"ana de* Dere"4o de *a
Propedad Inte*e"tua*
;. Ant"-bers%uattn, Consumer Prote"ton A"t /ACPA0: a #666 amendment to the
+anham Act providing a cause of action against cybers7uatters, i.e., those who register
others8 trademarks as domain names with bad faith and intent to profit.
Le- de Prote""#n de* Consumdor /Cber<
o"upa"#n0
1=. apost**e& Standard form established by the 9ague 4onvention to certify the
authenticity of documents.
apost**a
11. appe**aton o! or,n& :ame of a location known as a source of products with certain
characteristics caused by its geographic conditions e.g., &4hampagne'"
denomna"#n de or,en
1$. app*"ant& A person or a company that applies to register a mark.
so*"tante
>ont a. so*"tante "on>unto
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1(. app*"aton& Formal re7uest to register a mark at a trademark office.
so*"tud
Intent to Use /ITU0 a. & an application for registration of a mark that is not yet
being used in commerce.
so*"tud de nten"#n de uso
1+. arbtraton& a form of alternative dispute resolution in which a dispute is referred to
one or more impartial referees, agreed to by the parties, for adjudication. Arbitration may
be binding or non/binding.
arbtra>e
11. Asa<Pa"!" E"onom" Cooperaton /APEC0& established in #6<6 in response to the
growing interdependence among Asia/Pacific economies. =egun as an informal dialogue
group, AP54 has since become the primary regional vehicle for promoting open trade and
practical economic cooperation. http:!!www.apecsec.org.sg!"
Copera"#n E"on#m"a Asa<Pa"?!"o
/CEAP0
13. ass,nee& third party who is transferred property an invention, a patent, etc", by way of
an assignment.
"esonaro
17. ass,nment& +egal transfer of the ownership of property, including a mark, and all
interests in it from the owner &assignor'" to a third party &assignee'".
"es#n
19. ass,nor& owner of property an invention, etc." who sells, transfers or assigns said
property by way of an assignment.
"edente
1;. Asso"aton o! Sout4east Asan Natons /ASEAN0& established on < August #6>? in
=angkok by the five original @ember 4ountries, namely, $ndonesia, @alaysia, Philippines,
Singapore, and (hailand. http:!!www.aseansec.org!"
Aso"a"#n de Pa?ses de* Sudeste As6t"o
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=
$=. bad !at4& Acting with intent to mislead or deceive or to neglect a duty or contractual
obligation.
ma*a !e
$1. b*urrn,& Beakening the distinctiveness of a famous markC one form of dilution.
a,uamento' en2*e"mento' p@rdda de
!uer.a' p@rdda de un"dad
$$. bona fide: +atin for &good faith.' $n or with good faithC openly and sincerely, without
intent to deceive or defraud.
buena !e
$(. brand& (he commercial &persona' of a particular product or service, established by
marketing and advertising.
mar"a
brand 2a*uaton& An assessment of the value a particular trademark holds for its
ownerC often considering the nature and history of use, length and volume of sales and
advertising, number of licenses granted and other factors.
2a*ora"#n de mar"a
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$+. "an"e**aton& 5%tinguishing a trademark registration by a court or a trademark office,
due, among other factors, to: likelihood of confusion with a pre/e%isting markC mere
descriptivenessC the mark having become a generic term.
"an"e*a"#n'anu*a"#n
$1. "ause o! a"ton& =asis for filing a lawsuit, or a claim asserted in a lawsuit.
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dere"4o de a""#n
$3. "ease and desst *etter& A letter sent by a trademark owner demanding that another
immediately stop using its mark, typically accompanied by at least the implicit threat of a
lawsuit.
orden de "esar - abstenerse
$7. "*ass& 4ategory of goods or services adopted as an international standard in most
countries. See International Classification.
"*ase
$9. "o<e)sten"e a,reement& Agreement by two or more persons that similar marks can
co/e%ist without any likelihood of confusionC usually limited by geographic boundaries.
See Concurrent Use Agreement.
a"uerdo de "oe)sten"a
$;. "ommer"e des,n& A means of registering in the 5uropean )nion the outward
appearance of a product or part of it resulting from the lines, contours, colors, shape,
te%ture, materials and!or its ornamentationC filed with the Dffice of 9armoni.ation for the
$nternal @arket D9$@".
dseAo "omer"a*
(=. Communt- Trade Mar5 /CTM0& Single unitary trademark right covering all
countries in the 5uropean )nion. Accessible to Paris 4onvention countries, members of the
Borld (rade Drgani.ation B(D" and on the basis of reciprocity with 5uropean )nion
member countries. Administered by the Dffice of 9armoni.ation for the $nternal @arket
D9$@".
Mar"a Comer"a* de *a Comundad
(1. "omparat2e ad2ertsn,& (he use of a competitor8s mark in advertising.
pub*"dad "omparat2a
($. "on!uson& @istake or uncertainty as to the source of goods or services represented by
a mark.
"on!us#n
a"tua* ".& "on!us#n "on"reta
*5e*4ood o! ".& res,o de "on!us#n
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re2erse ".& @istaken belief that the senior user of a mark is copying or imitating the
mark of a junior user. )sually occurs when the junior user is bigger or more widely known
than the senior user, or when the junior user launches its mark with a massive advertising
campaign while the senior user8s mark has not become known.
"on!us#n n2ertda
((. "onsent *etter& +etter issued by the owner of a mark, consenting to the use and!or
registration of a similar or identical mark by a third party.
"arta de "onsentmento'"on!ormdad
(+. "op-r,4t& Dwnership rights in original, e%pressive works of authorship, granting the
owner e%clusive control over distribution, display, copying, performance, and adaptation of
those works.
dere"4o de autor'dere"4o de propedad
nte*e"tua*
(1. "orporate name& (he legal name under which a corporation conducts business, also
known as a trade name. $t may or may not also be used as a trademark to identify the
corporation8s goods and services.
nombre so"etaro'nombre de persona
>ur?d"a
(3. "ounter!et& A spurious mark that is identical with, or substantially indistinguishable
from, a registered mark. Also, an inauthentic copy or imitation of a product, made to
resemble the original, often marketed or sold under a spurious mark. See Knock-Off.
!a*s!"ado
(7. "ounter!etn,& @anufacture and!or sale of inauthentic products under spurious marks,
both made to resemble the original. See Piracy.
!a*s!"a"#n
(9. Countr- Code Top Le2e* Doman /CCTLD0& (he country/specific $nternet domain
name designation granted to each country contracting with $4A:: to register country/
specific domain names.
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Domno de N2e* Superor de "#d,o de pa?s
(;. CPR Insttute !or Dspute Reso*uton /CPR0& Alternative dispute resolution provider
approved by $4A:: for domain name disputes.
Insttuto CPR para *a Reso*u"#n de
Con!*"tos' Dsputas
+=. "-bers%uattn,& 3egistration of another8s mark as a domain name with bad/faith intent
to profit from it.
"bero"upa"#n' o"upa"#n *e,a* de un
domno
E
+1. dama,es& @oney paid in compensation for loss or injury after a finding of liability in a
lawsuit.
daAos - per>u"os
+$. de"ept2e& +ikely to deceive the public as to the origin and!or nature of the goods or
services.
en,aAoso
+(. de"*arator- >ud,ment& Eetermination by a court of the legal rights and
responsibilities of the parties.
senten"a de"*arat2a
++. des"rpton o! ,oods and ser2"es& A listing, in an application or registration, of the
goods or services pertaining to the mark.
des"rp"#n de benes - ser2"os
+1. des"rpt2e& Serving primarily to describe the 7ualities, features, ingredients, purpose
or characteristics of a product or service. :ot inherently distinctive and ineligible for
trademark protection unless they are shown to have ac7uired distinctiveness or secondary
meaning.
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des"rpt2o
mere*- d.& Serving primarily to describe the 7ualities, features, ingredients, purpose
or characteristics of a product or service.
meramente des"rpt2o
+3. des,n e*ement& A figurative element of a mark that is not a word. Erawings or designs
can be marks provided they are inherently distinctive or have ac7uired distinctiveness.
e*emento !,urat2o
+7. d*uton& (he lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify and distinguish
goods or services, regardless of the presence or absence of competition between the owner
of the famous mark and other parties, or of likelihood of confusion. (ypically occurs as the
result of blurring or tarnishment of the famous mark.
d*u"#n
*5e*4ood o! d.& probab*dad'res,o de d*u"#n
+9. ds"*amer& A statement in an application that a certain word or portion of a mark is not
protected e.g., because it is merely descriptive".
renun"a
+;. dstn"t2e& @arks that present a uni7ue commercial impression. See also Inherently
Distinctive, Acquired Distinctiveness.
dstnt2a
a"%ured Bness& A mark that is not inherently distinctive for e%ample, those that
are merely descriptive, surnames or geographic indicators" may nevertheless become
capable of serving as a trademark by becoming associated in the mind of the relevant
public with a particular source of goods and services as a result of e%tensive advertising
and widespread use in commerce. See econdary !eaning.
dstn"#n ad%urda
n4erent*- d.& @arks that communicate to the consumer, when encountered for the
first time, that they are identifying the source of goods and!or services rather than merely
describing the goods and!or services themselves. $nherently distinctive word marks can be
further classified as suggestive, fanciful or arbitrary. Bord marks that consist of generic or
merely descriptive terms are not inherently distinctive.
n4erentemente dstnt2a
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1=. doman name& Any alphanumeric designation that is registered with or assigned by
any domain name registrar as part of an electronic address on the $nternet )3+". (ypically
consists of a top/level domain or &suffi%' e.g., &.com,' &.org,' etc." and a second/level
domain chosen by the owner of the website. For e%ample, in ,oogle8s )3+,
http:!!www.google.com, the domain name is &google.com.'
nombre de domno
11. due d*,en"e& (he level of prudence, activity, or care properly to be e%pected from a
reasonable and prudent person under particular circumstances, not measured by an absolute
standard but determined under the facts of the situation. Bhen adopting a new mark, the
purpose of carrying out a due diligence e%ercise is to avoid infringing the rights of others.
d*,en"a debda
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1$. en!or"ement& (he efforts undertaken by a trademark owner to protect its rights in its
trademarks.
e>e"u"#n'ap*"a"#n
1(. estoppe*& 57uitable legal doctrine whereby a party is prevented by his own past
conduct from claiming a right or entitlement to the detriment of some other party that was
entitled to rely on that conduct and did so.
Pre"*us#n'mpedmento'estoppe*
1+. European Communtes Trade Mar5 Asso"aton /ECTA0& formed in #6<1. $t brings
together 5uropean practitioners before the Dffice for 9armoni.ation in the $nternal @arket
D9$@" from throughout the 5uropean )nion in the field of trade marks and of industrial
designs. http:!!www.ecta.org!"
Aso"a"#n de Mar"as de *as Comundades
Europeas
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11. e) parte& =y or for one party. An e% parte proceeding is one brought for the benefit of
one party only, without notice to or challenge by an adverse party. 4ompare to Inter
Partes.
a nstan"a - en re*a"#n "on una Cn"a
parte
13. e)amnaton& Analysis carried out by a trademark office to determine the registrability
of a mark.
e)amen
17. e)amnn, attorne-& Attorney at the )SP(D responsible for conducting the
e%amination of a trademark application. Also known as a (rademark 5%amining Attorney.
abo,ado e)amnador
F
19. !a*se ad2ertsn,& (he advertising or promotion of products or services through the use
of false, inaccurate, misleading or otherwise deceptive statements or practicesC a form of
unfair competition.
pub*"dad en,aAosa
1;. !*e /to0& (o deposit a trademark application at a trademark office.
presentar
3=. !*n, bass& Dne of several statutory grounds permitting registration of a mark. For
e%ample, in the ).S., the four filing bases are: #" use of the mark in commerceC 0" bona
fide intent to use the mark in commerceC ;" a claim of priority based on an earlier filed
foreign applicationC and A" registration of the mark in the applicant8s country of origin.
!undamento de *a presenta"#n
31. !*n, date& (he date on which an application is officially received at a trademark
office.
!e"4a de presenta"#n
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3$. !ran"4se& A license from the owner of a mark the &franchisor'" permitting another to
sell a product or service under that mark, usually in accordance with methods and practices
established by the franchisor.
!ran%u"a
3(. !raud: A knowingly false representation of material fact, or intentional omission of
material fact. $n many jurisdictions, fraud in procuring or maintaining a trademark
registration is grounds for cancellation of the registration and can also be used as a defense
to a claim of infringement.
!raude
3+. Dree Trade Area o! t4e Amer"as /DTAA0& initiated in the #66A Summit of the
Americas, it attempts to integrate the economies of the Bestern 9emisphere into a single
free trade arrangement. http:!!www.ftaa/alca.org!"
Erea de Lbre Comer"o de *as Am@r"as
/ALCA0
31. !un"tona*t-& Eoctrine providing that legal protection cannot be given to a product
configuration or packaging trade dress that is primarily utilitarian if doing so would unduly
restrict the ability of others to compete in the marketplace.
!un"ona*dad
aest4et" !.& 3efers to product or packaging features that are not purely utilitarian,
but are aesthetically pleasing and are an important ingredient in the commercial success of
a product, may be considered de "ure functional and therefore not eligible for trade dress or
trademark protection.
!un"ona*dad est@t"a
de facto !.& (he design of a product or package is de facto functional functional in
fact" if it serves a utilitarian purpose e.g., a bottle of any design holds fluid". A design that
is de facto functional may nevertheless be eligible for trade dress or trademark protection.
!un"ona*dad de facto
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33. ,ener" term& A word or phrase that is the common term associated with or known as a
particular category of goods or services to which it relates, thereby ceasing to function as
an indicator of origin. A term can either be generic from the outset, or can become generic
usually through improper use over a long period of time.
nombre't@rmno ,en@r"o
37. ,ener"de& Process by which a mark loses its distinctiveness, and hence its ability to
function and be legally protected as a trademark. )sually occurs when a mark is used
improperly, and over a long period of time, as the common name for a type or category of
goods or services, rather than as an identifier for the goods or services of a particular party.
,ener"do
39. ,eo,rap4"a* nd"aton& $ndications which identify a good as originating in the
territory of a @ember, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given 7uality,
reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical
origin.
nd"a"#n ,eo,r6!"a
Prote"ted G. I. /PGI0
Ind"a"#n Geo,r6!"a Prote,da
3;. ,oods& Products identified by a trademark. 4ompare to ervices.
benes
7=. ,ood:**& An intangible asset of a company that provides added value to a company8s
worth such as a recogni.able brand". Protection of goodwill is one of the main purposes of
trademark law.
!ondo de "omer"o'**a2e de ne,o"o'
renombre "omer"a*
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71. Fa,ue A,reement& 4oncerning the $nternational Eeposit of $ndustrial Eesigns #602"
www.wipo.org!treaties!registration!hague!inde%.html
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A"uerdo de La Fa-a
$
7$. dentt-& (he commercial &persona' of an individual, which may be protectable under
the right of publicity.
dentdad
7(. n"ontestab*t-& =enefit that may be granted to a ).S. federal trademark registration,
after a certain time and under certain conditions, protecting it from challenge on grounds
that the mark is confusingly similar to another mark, is functional or lacks secondary
meaning.
n"ontestab*dad
7+. ndustra* propert-& +aw protecting creations of the mind in the field of industry or
commerce. Subset of &intellectual property'C comprises trademarks, patents, industrial
designs and geographic denominations, e%cluding purely artistic works.
propedad ndustra*
71. n!rn,ement& $nterference with or violation of trademark rights through unauthori.ed
use of a mark.
2o*a"#n
73. n>un"ton& A court order preventing or mandating certain conduct, either on a
temporary basis pending a full determination of the merits of a lawsuit, or on a permanent
basis following such a determination.
Orden'de"reto >ud"a*'mandamento
77. nte**e"tua* propert-& $ntangible property rights which are the result of intellectual
effort. (he main intellectual property rights are patents, trademarks, and copyright.
propedad nte*e"tua*
79. Inter<Amer"an Asso"aton o! Industra* Propert- /ASIPI0& non/profit organi.ation
that tries to bring together concerned professionals to study, disseminate and develop
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intellectual property laws and to coordinate and harmoni.e such laws in the Americas.
www.asipi.org "
Aso"a"#n Interamer"ana de *a Propedad
Industra*
7;. nternatona* "*ass!"aton& An internationally agreed system by which &goods' are
grouped into ;A classes, generally sorted by the material from which the goods are made
and!or the use to which the goods are put, and &services' are grouped into ## classes,
generally sorted by the type of service provided. (he purpose of the system is to enable
trademarks to be searched and compared for possible conflicts.
"*as!"a"#n nterna"ona*
9=. Internatona* Trademar5 Asso"aton /INTA0& founded in #<?<. $t is a not/for/profit
worldwide membership organi.ation of trademark owners and advisors.
http:!!www.inta.org!"
Aso"a"#n Interna"ona* de Mar"as
91. Internet Corporaton !or Ass,ned Names and Numbers /ICANN0& An international
body that administers the domain name system E:S" and maintains online stability.
Corpora"#n de Internet para NCmeros -
Nombres As,nados
9$. inter partes& =etween parties. An inter #artes proceeding is one in which adverse
parties are involved. 4ompare to $% Parte.
Entre *as partes
9(. n2a*dt-& Eetermination that a registration is to be cancelled on grounds that the mark
did not 7ualify for registration in the first place.
n2a*de.
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9+. >ont& the case when an invention or trademark has multiple inventors who can claim
trademark rights or apply for +etters Patent, assign their mark or invention to a third party,
among other possible factors.
en "on>unto
>. a"ton& Aa"#n "on>unta o "o*e"t2a
>. appea*& ape*a"#n "on>unta
*
91. 5no"5<o!!& )nauthori.ed copy or imitation of a product, marketed or sold under a
spurious mark. See Counterfeit.
mta"#n
93. 5no:n,*- and :**n,*-& e%pression used to refer to intentional infringements of
intellectual!industrial property law.
"ons"ente e nten"ona*mente
+
97. *a"4es& 57uitable doctrine whereby a party is prevented by his own delay or inaction
from claiming a right or entitlement, to the detriment of some other party that was entitled
to, and did, rely on that delay or inaction.
ner"a'na"t2dad'ne,*,en"a pro"esa*
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99. Lan4am A"t& 4ommon name for the ).S. (rademark Act of #6A>. (he federal statute
governing the registration and maintenance of marks in the )nited States, and providing a
cause of action for infringement, unfair competition, dilution, and cybers7uatting.
Le- de Mar"as de *os Estados Undos
/nombre ,enera* por e* %ue se *a "ono"e0
9;. *audator-& Attributing 7uality or e%cellence to goods and services e.g., &best' or
&original'". A laudatory term is considered merely descriptive.
*audatoro
;=. *etter o! "onsent& See Consent &etter.
;1. *etter o! protest& See Cease-and-Desist &etter.
;$. *"ense: (he means by which the proprietor of a mark the &licensor'" gives permission
to another party the &licensee'" to carry out an action, such as to use its trademark under
specified conditions, that would otherwise constitute infringement.
*"en"a'permso'"on"es#n
;(. *"ensee& refer to license
*"en"ataro'permsonaro'"on"esonaro
;+. Lsbon A,reement& for the Protection of Appellations of Drigin and their $nternational
3egistration #62<" www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1#0en.htm0
A"uerdo de Lsboa
;1. Lo"arno A,reement& 5stablishing an $nternational 4lassification for $ndustrial
Eesigns #6><" www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1#Aen.htm0
A"uerdo de Lo"arno
;3. *o,o& Short for &logotype'C a design, with or without words, created for ready visual
recognitionC often used as a mark.
*o,o'*o,otpo
;7. *ost pro!ts& Profits that an injured party lost, or was precluded from gaining, due to
infringement of its rights by others. Possible component of damages in a court action.
*u"ro "esante
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@
;9. Madrd A,reement& enacted in #<6#, it concerns the $nternational 3egistration of
@arks. $t enables mark owners to obtain a single $nternational 3egistration that can e%tend
protection to any country that has signed the Agreement, by a single filing in one language,
under one procedure, with the payment of one fee.
A"uerdo de Madrd
;;. Madrd Proto"o*& (rademark treaty enacted in #662 in conjunction with the #<6#
@adrid Agreement", enabling trademark owners to obtain a single $nternational
3egistration that can e%tend protection to any country that has signed the Protocol by a
single filing in one language, under one procedure, with the payment of one fee.
Proto"o*o de Madrd
1==. Madrd S-stem& System for obtaining $nternational 3egistrations pursuant to the
@adrid Agreement and!or the @adrid Protocol, administered by the Borld $ntellectual
Property Drgani.ation B$PD".
Sstema de Madrd
1=1. mar5& Any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof, used to
identify the goods or services of one party and distinguish them from the goods or services
of other parties, and to indicate the source of the goods or services. 5ncompasses
trademarks, service marks, certification marks and collective marks.
mar"a
arbtrar- m.& An e%isting word used as a mark for goods or services with which it
has no direct or established relationship e.g., APP+5 for computers"
mar"a arbtrara
asso"ated m.& $n certain countries, all marks owned by a single owner that are
similarC must be transferred together to the same new proprietor in order to avoid confusion
by the public.
mar"a aso"ada
"ert!"aton m.& Any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof,
used by a person other than its owner to certify regional or other origin, material, mode of
manufacture, 7uality, accuracy, or other characteristics of the goods or services of that
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person, in accordance with standards defined by the owner. Also used to indicate that the
work or labor on the goods or services was performed by members of a union or other
organi.ation.
mar"a de "ert!"a"#n
"oned m.& A term that is made up and has no built/in meaning, invented for the
sole purpose of serving as a mark e.g., *DEA* for camerasC 5GGD: for petroleum".
4oined marks receive the highest level of trademark protection. See 'anciful !ark.
mar"a a"uAada
"o**e"t2e m.& A trademark or service mark used by members of a cooperative, an
association or another collective group or organi.ation, to indicate their association with
that group.
mar"a "o*e"t2a
"omposte m.& A mark made up of two or more distinct components, such as a
word and a design element.
mar"a "ompuesta
!am*- o! m.& A number of marks possessing a common feature, such as a common
prefi% e.g., &@c'", owned by the same party. A mark owner may be able to establish that
another party8s mark that incorporates the common feature violates its rights, not in any
one particular mark, but in the entire family of marks.
!am*a de mar"as
!amous m.& @ark that enjoys a certain degree of reputation or recognition. Special
protection is given to famous marks. Also, under ).S. law, a mark that is entitled to
protection against dilution. See (ell-Kno)n !ark.
mar"a !amosa' de /a*to0 renombre
!an"!u* m.& see Coined !ark m. de !antas?a
!,urat2e m. & mark consisting of a design, logo and drawings".
mar"a !,urat2a
m)ed m.& mark that combines both figurative and word elements, or which is
composed of word elements in styli.ed form.
mar"a m)ta
nontradtona* m.& @arks that consist of shapes, music, color, smells or other
things that do not fit into the traditional trademark framework. Also known as :ovelty
@arks.
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mar"a no trad"ona*
p4antom m.& ,enerally, an unused mark that appears, by virtue of one or more
application or registration records, to be the property of a particular party. 4an arise when
an applicant files multiple applications for multiple marks to disguise its real intent, or
when an applicant or owner abandons or discontinues use of a mark without abandoning or
cancelling the associated applications or registrations.
mar"a !antasma
seres o! m.& See 'amily of !arks.
ser2"e m.& any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof, used to
identify the services of one party and distinguish them from the services of other parties,
and to indicate the source of the services.
mar"a de ser2"os
sound m.& Sounds including musical compositions" are protectable as marks
provided they are capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one party from those
of other parties.
mar"a sonora
st-*.ed m.& Presentation of a mark composed of letters or numbers in a particular
form or style, e.g., font style, si.e, or color. 4ompare to tandard Characters.
mar"a "on ,ra!?a /de !orma0 est*.ada
su,,est2e m.& Bord or term calling to mind some attribute or benefit from the
goods or services, but not directly describing them e.g., B9$3+PDD+ for washing
machines".
mar"a su,est2a
:e**<5no:n m.& @ark that in view of its widespread reputation may enjoy broader
protection than ordinary marks. See 'amous !ark.
mar"a notora
:ord m.& mark composed of words, numbers, letters and their combinations, with
no claim to shape or color.
mar"a denomnat2a
1=$. msappropraton& )se of funds or property including intellectual property" for a
purpose other than that for which they are intended, or legally re7uired, to be used.
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apropa"#n ndebda
1=(. mut*aton& $ncomplete representation of a mark on the drawing page of an
application, as compared to the specimen.
mut*a"#n
:
1=+. Narob Treat-& on the Protection of the Dlympic Symbol #6<#"
www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1#<en.htm0
Tratado de Narob
1=1. N"e A,reement& $nternational treaty establishing a uniform classification system for
products and!or services claimed in a trademark application. 4oncerning the $nternational
4lassification of ,oods and Services for the Purposes of the registration of
trademarks#62?" www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1#6en.htm0
A"uerdo de N.a
1=3. Nort4 Amer"an Dree Trade A,reement /NADTA0& (he :AF(A Secretariat,
comprised of the 4anadian, ).S. and @e%ican Sections, is an uni7ue organi.ation,
established by the Free (rade 4ommission, pursuant to Article 0110, 4hapter 01 of the
:orth American Free (rade Agreement :AF(A". $t is responsible for the administration
of the dispute settlement provisions of the Agreement. (he mandate of the :AF(A
Secretariat also includes the provision of assistance to the 4ommission and support for
various non/dispute related committees and working groups.
http:!!www.nafta/sec/alena.org!"
Tratado de Lbre Comer"o de Am@r"a de*
Norte /TLC' TLCAN0
1=7. not"e o! appea*& A document filed by an applicant or a litigant re7uesting that an
appellate body or court initiate review of a prior ruling or decision.
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a2so de ape*a"#n
1=9. not"e o! pub*"aton& :otice sent to an applicant, advising that an application has
been approved by the trademark office and will be published for opposition in the
appropriate journal e.g., the Official *a+ette in the )nited States, the ,rade !arks
-ournal in the )nited *ingdom".
a2so de pub*"a"#n
D
1=;. A!r"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- Or,an.aton /OAPI0& international organi.ation
dedicated to promoting the use and protection of works of the human spirit Hintellectual
property. /http:!!www.oapi.wipo.net!"
Or,an.a"#n A!r"ana de *a Propedad
Inte*e"tua*
11=. O!!"e !or Farmon.aton !or t4e Interna* Mar5et /OFIM0& (he official title of the
trademark office operated by the 5uropean )nion, which administers the 4ommunity
(rade @ark. +ocated in Alicante, Spain.
O!"na de Armon.a"#n de* Mer"ado
Interor
111. O!!"a* Ga.ette& (he short name of ,he Official *a+ette of the United tates Patent
and ,rademark Office, a weekly publication containing information about all pending
marks, changes to e%isting marks, and renewals.
Go*et?n o!"a*
11$. opposton& 4hallenge or objection to the granting of a trademark registration at the
trademark office level. Dppositions are most commonly filed when a third party believes
that a mark #" poses a likelihood of confusion with an e%isting markC or is 0" merely
descriptiveC ;" genericC or A" deceptive.
opos"#n
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P
11(. Pars Con2enton& (he Paris 4onvention for the Protection of $ndustrial Property,
concluded in #<<; and amended on several occasions. Provides common rules among
4onvention 4ountries for administering and protecting intellectual property rights. A
trademark in one8s home country sets the priority date for registrations made in all other
4onvention 4ountries. www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo101en.htm0
Con2en"#n de Par?s
11+. passn, o!!& Pretence by one person that his goods or services are those of another.
a""#n de usurpa"#n
111. patent& (he e%clusive right to make, use or sell an invention with respect to devices
or methods that are deemed useful, novel and non/obvious.
patente
113. Patent O!!"e /UH0& (he government agency that is responsible for administering
trademarks, designs and patents in the )nited *ingdom. (he division of the Patent Dffice
that administers trademarks is known as the (rade @arks 3egistry.
O!"na de Patentes
117. permanent n>un"ton& 4ourt order preventing or mandating certain conduct.
(ypically, in trademark, an order barring use of a mark after a finding of liability in an
infringement action. 4ompare to Preliminary In"unctionC ,em#orary .estraining Order.
suspens#n de!nt2a
119. persona* name& :ame of an individual, which may be a first name, a family name or
a complete name. )sually cannot be registered as a trademark without demonstration of
secondary meaningC rules vary from country to country. See urname.
nombre persona*' rea*
11;. petton to re22e& 3e7uest filed by an applicant or registrant, seeking to revive or
reactivate an application or registration deemed by a trademark office to be abandoned or
cancelled.
pet"#n de rea"t2a"#n
1$=. pra"-& @anufacture and!or sale of inauthentic products under spurious marks, both
made to resemble the original. See Counterfeiting.
prater?a
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1$1. Polaroid Factors: ,roup of eight factors typically analy.ed by courts to determine
whether a likelihood of confusion e%ists between two marks named after the famous case,
Polaroid Cor#/ v/ Polarad $lectronics Cor#/, 0<? F.0d A60 0d 4ir.", cert. denied, ;>< ).S.
<01 #6>#", in which they were articulated". (hey include: a" the strength of the plaintiff8s
markC b" similarity of the marksC c" relatedness of the goods or servicesC d" overlap in
marketing channels for the goods and servicesC e" likelihood that the plaintiff might enter
the market for the defendant8s goods and servicesC f" evidence of actual confusionC g" the
defendant8s intent in adopting its markC h" the sophistication of the target market, i.e., the
degree of care consumers are likely to e%ercise in distinguishing between goods and
services from different sources.
Po*arod Da"tors
1$$. po:er o! attorne-& A legal document that authori.es another person to act on one8s
behalf.
"arta poder' poder /notara*0
1$(. pre*mnar- n>un"ton& 4ourt order preventing or mandating certain conduct
pending a full determination of the merits of a lawsuit. (ypically, in trademark, an order
barring use of a mark pending resolution of an infringement action. 4ompare to Permanent
In"unction, ,em#orary .estraining Order.
nterd"to pre*mnar ' 2sta pre*mnar
1$+. prima facie: +atin for &on the face of it,' a fact or argument presumed to be true
unless disproved by evidence to the contrary.
prima facie
1$1. Prn"pa* Re,ster& (he primary registry of marks maintained by the )SP(D. (o
7ualify for registration on the Principal 3egister, a mark must be distinctive and currently
in use in commerce. @arks that 7ualify for the Principal 3egister receive all the benefits of
registration, whereas those on the Supplemental 3egister do not.
Re,stro Prn"pa*
1$3. prort-'prort- date& (he date that determines who has superior rights as between
two parties using the same mark for similar goods and!or services. $n the )nited States, the
priority date is generally the date a trademark was first used in commerce. $n most other
countries, the priority date is the date of the first filing of a trademark application.
prordad' !e"4a de prordad
p. "*am& Assertion that a new application should be given the priority date of an
earlier application in another 4onvention 4ountry.
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re2nd"a"#n de prordad
p. do"ument& A previously filed application that provides a priority date for a later
application.
do"umento de prordad
1$7. prose"uton& (he process of moving an application towards registration in a
trademark office.
tramta"#n
1$9. pub*" doman& Status of any creation of the mind names, signs, designs, objects,
procedures, information, artistic works, etc." that cannot be protected under intellectual
property law, or for which intellectual property protection has e%pired.
domno pCb*"o
I
1$;. %ua*t- assuran"e& Dbligation to ensure that goods and services sold under one8s
mark conform to consistent standards of 7uality. Jital in a trademark license because
unfettered use of a mark by a licensee can cause loss of trademark rights.
ase,uramento de "a*dad
1(=. %uas<propert- r,4ts& From the +atin quasi, meaning &as if'C &almost as it were'C
&analogous to.'
dere"4os de "uas propedad
3
1(1. I s-mbo*& Symbol indicating that a trademark or service mark has been granted
registration by a trademark office.
s?mbo*o de re,stro I
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1($. re"ord /to0& (o register with a trademark office any documents e.g., assignments"
relating to the ownership or scope of rights of a mark.
re,strar
1((. re,straton& (he granting of formal recognition of rights in a mark by a trademark
office.
re,stro
"ert!"ate o! r.& Eocument issued by a trademark office confirming that
registration has been granted for a mark, containing such information as the registration
number, the mark itself, the goods and!or services identified by the mark and their
classification, the name and address of registrant and the term of the registration.
"ert!"ado de re,stro
de!ens2e r.& Special category of trademark registrations that, although generally
not used, aims to protect the primary trademark.
re,stro de!ens2o
nternatona* r. /IR0& (rademark registration obtained from the Borld $ntellectual
Property Drgani.ation B$PD" pursuant to the @adrid Agreement and!or the @adrid
Protocol.
re,stro nterna"ona*
1(+. rene:a*& 5%tension of trademark registration for an additional period of time.
reno2a"#n
1(1. re%uest !or e)tenson o! tme& 3e7uest made by an applicant, or one who seeks to
oppose the registration of another8s mark, for additional time to meet an upcoming filing
deadline at a trademark office. $n ).S. practice, applicants have si% months after the
issuance of a :otice of Allowance to file a Statement of )se, but may file up to five
successive e%tension re7uests, each re7uesting an additional si% months to do so. Parties
wishing to oppose a ).S. application have thirty days from publication of the mark to file a
:otice of Dpposition, but may file e%tension re7uests to secure up to an additional #21
days to do so. See tatement of Use, O##osition.
peddo de e)tens#n de p*a.o
1(3. re%uest !or re"onsderaton& A re7uest made by an applicant that the person or
authority at a trademark office responsible for review and approval of the application,
reconsider and change a decision or action taken against the application. $n ).S. practice,
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usually filed after a (rademark 5%amining Attorney issues a Final 3efusal and before the
applicant files a :otice of Appeal, in an effort to overcome the refusal and avoid an appeal.
peddo de re"onsdera"#n
1(7. r,4t o! pub*"t- : Eoctrine under which an individual can prevent others from
e%ploiting the commercial value of his or her identity without permission.
dere"4o a* 2a*or "omer"a* de *a dentdad
1(9. ro-a*t-& Payment made by a licensee in return for permission to use another8s mark.
re,a*?a
S
1(;.
SM
S-mbo*
Symbol indicating that a word, design, etc., is being used as a service mark,
notwithstanding that it has not been registered.
s?mbo*o
SM
1+=. sear"4& 3eview of e%isting trademarks owned by others registered or not" to
determine whether adoption and use of a mark might pose a risk of infringement liability,
and whether the mark may be registrable. 4an be either preliminary &screening' or
&knockout' search" or comprehensive &full'".
bCs%ueda
a2a*ab*t- s.& 3eview of e%isting marks owned by others registered or not" to
determine whether adoption and use of a trademark might pose a risk of infringement
liability, and whether the mark may be registrable. 4an be either preliminary &screening'
or &knockout' search" or comprehensive &full'".
bCs%ueda de ante"edentes
"ompre4ens2e s.& (horough review of e%isting marks owned by others registered
or not" to determine whether adoption and use of a mark might pose a risk of infringement
liability, and whether the mark may be registrable.
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bCs%ueda e)4aust2a
pre*mnar- s.& $nitial availability!clearance search, aimed at spotting readily/
identifiable conflicts at the outset so as to avoid the need for a comprehensive &full'"
search. Dften used to narrow a list of potential marks under consideration.
bCs%ueda pre*mnar
1+1. Se"ond Le2e* Doman Name /SLD0& (he portion of any $nternet domain name that
immediately precedes the (op +evel Eomain :ame (+E". For e%ample, in ,oogle8s )3+
http:!!www.google.com, the &.com' is the (op +evel Eomain, while the &,oogle' portion
is the Second +evel Eomain :ame uni7ue to ,oogle within the &.com' (+E.
nombre de domno de se,undo n2e*
1+$. se"ondar- meann,: A word, design, etc., that is not inherently distinctive for
e%ample, those that are merely descriptive, surnames or geographic indicators" may
nevertheless become capable of serving as a mark as a result of widespread use and
e%tensive advertising, such that it becomes associated in the mind of the relevant public
with a particular source of goods and services. @ay be also found as &Ac7uired
Eistinctiveness.'
s,n!"ado se"undaro
1+(. sera* number& (racking number assigned by a trademark office to each new
application, used to identify it during prosecution. ,enerally, a separate registration
number is assigned once the registration issues.
nCmero "orre*at2o
1++. ser2"es& $n trademark law, activities physical or intellectual" performed for others on
a commercial basis.
ser2"os
1+1. s*o,an& Slogans are protectable as marks, provided that they are capable of
distinguishing the goods or services of one party from those of other parties.
es*#,an
1+3. sour"e dent!"aton& (he basic function of a mark: denoting the uni7ue source of
the particular goods or services to which the mark pertains.
dent!"a"#n de *a !uente
1+7.spe"men& An actual article or photograph of such article" showing a mark as used on
or in connection with the goods or services claimed in an application or registration.
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espe"men' muestra
1+9. standard "4ara"ters& Presentation of a mark comprised of letters or numbers without
regard to the particular form or style in which it may appear. An application for such a
mark must state that &(he mark is presented in standard characters without claim to any
particular font style, si.e, or color.' 4ompare to tyli+ed !ark.
"ara"teres est6ndar
1+;. Supp*ementa* Re,ster& A secondary registry of marks maintained by the )SP(D,
often for marks not considered sufficiently distinctive to be listed on Principal 3egister.
(hough marks on the Supplemental 3egister do not receive all the benefits of registration
available to marks on the Principal 3egister, registration on the Supplemental 3egister
does allow the owner to use the K symbol ne%t to its mark, and also provides notice to
potential users that the mark is in use.
Re,stro Sup*ementaro
11=. surname& +ast name of an individual. )sually cannot be registered as a mark without
demonstration of secondary meaningC rules vary from country to country. See Personal
0ame.
ape**do
111. surrender& 3e7uest by the owner to remove a mark from the register. 4ompare to
A1andonment.
renun"a
(
11$. J S-mbo*& Symbol indicating that a word, design, etc., is being used as a trademark,
notwithstanding that it has not been registered.
s?mbo*o J
11(. tarns4ment Beakening the distinctiveness of a famous mark, usually through
inappropriate or unflattering associationsC one form of dilution.
bastardeo'p@rdda de !uer.a
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11+. TEAS& Acronym for &(rademark 5lectronic Application System,' the name of the
)SP(D8s online electronic filing system for federal trademark applications and forms
relating to prosecution of applications and maintenance of registrations.
www.uspto.gov!teas!"
Sstema E*e"tr#n"o para So*"tar Mar"as
Re,stradas
111. Temporar- Restrann, Order /TRO0& 4ourt order preventing or mandating certain
conduct pending further determination of the merits of a lawsuit. )sually issued on an
emergency basis and for a short period of time. (ypically, in trademark, an order barring
use of a trademark at the outset of an infringement action. 4ompare to Preliminary
In"unction, Permanent In"unction.
orden de restr""#n tempora*
113. term& Period of time during which intellectual property rights remain in force.
p*a.o
117. Top<Le2e* Doman Name /TLD0& (he portion of a domain name that comes after the
second level domain, e.g., .com, .net, .org, etc.
nombre de domno de prmer n2e*
119. trade dress& (he overall commercial image of a product or serviceC may include the
design or configuration of a productC the packaging of goodsC and!or the dLcor or
environment in which services are provided. 4an consist of such elements as si.e, shape,
color, etc., to the e%tent such elements are not functional.
Trade dress' Dorma de presenta"#n de
produ"tos
11;. trademar5& Any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof, used to
identify the goods of one party and distinguish them from the goods of other parties, and to
indicate the source of the goods. Dften used interchangeably with mark to identify either a
trademark or a service mark.
mar"a /"omer"a*0
t. attorne-'a,ent: An e%pert on trademarks who is 7ualified to practice before a
country8s trademark office. Eepending on the country, may also be referred to as a
trademark practitioner, trademark agent, or trademark consultant.
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a,ente de mar"as
t. e)amnn, attorne- See e%amining attorney.
Trade Mar5s Kourna*& Dnce the )nited *ingdom8s (rade @arks 3egistry has
accepted a mark, it will publish the mark in its weekly (rade @arks Fournal. (he Fournal
contains full details of all trademark applications accepted that week, registrations,
renewals, assignments, licensees, etc.
Go*et?n O!"a*
T. O!!"e& (he government agency responsible for e%amining trademark
applications and granting registrations within a particular country or other jurisdiction.
O!"na de Mar"as
Trade Mar5s Re,str-& Eivision of the )nited *ingdom Patent Dffice that
administers trademarks.
Re,stro de Mar"as
13=. Trademar5 La: Treat- /TLT0& #66> treaty that harmoni.ed re7uirements and
simplified administrative procedures for international trademark registrations.
Tratado sobre e* Dere"4o de Mar"as
131. Trade Mar5s A"t 1;;+& (he Act of Parliament that provides the authority under
which trademarks in the ).*. are registered and enforced.
Le- de Mar"as de 1;;+
13$. trade name& (he name used by a company in its business activities. Also known as
&commercial name.' A company8s trade name may also be its corporate name, and it may
or may not also be used as a mark.
nombre "omer"a*
13(. trade se"ret& Any knowledge, device, formula, compilation of information, or the
like, that is used in business, is not known to others and gives a competitive advantage to
the owner.
se"reto "omer"a*
13+. Trade<Re*ated Aspe"ts o! Inte**e"tua* Propert- /TRIPS0& (reaty establishing
minimum standards of protection of intellectual property rights within member countries.
Aspe"tos de *os Dere"4os de Propedad
Inte*e"tua* - e* Comer"o /ADPIC0
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)
131. un!ar "ompetton& 4ommon law cause of action encompassing trademark
infringement as well as other unfair business practices such as false advertising and
passing/off.
"ompeten"a des*ea*
133. Un!orm Resour"e Lo"ator /URL0& An electronic address on the internet, usually
consisting of the access protocol http", the domain name, and optionally the path to a
particular file or resource residing on that server.
Lo"a*.ador Un!orme de Re"ursos
137. Unted States Patent and Trademar5 O!!"e /USPTO0& (he agency of the ).S.
government responsible for overseeing the granting, registration and maintenance of
patents and trademarks.
O!"na de patentes - Mar"as de *os Estados
Undos
139. use& (he marketing or sale of goods or services under a trademark.
uso
"on"urrent u. a,reement& See co-e%istence agreement.
de"*araton o! u.& Attestation that a registered mark is still in use in commerce for
the identified goods or services, accompanied by a specimen of such use. Failure to timely
file a Eeclaration of )se results in cancellation of the registration.
de"*ara"#n de uso
!ar u.& ,ood faith use of another8s mark to describe one8s own goods or services.
Affirmative defense to a claim of trademark infringement.
uso >usto
Intent to U. /ITU0 App*"aton see A##lication
pror u.& )se of a mark that occurs before a confusingly similar use of the same
mark. (he first person to use a mark has prior rights and may e%clude all subse7uent users
of the mark in the relevant territory.
uso pre2o
proo! o! u.& Proof that a mark has been used in commerce in connection with the
identified goods and!or services H usually, a specimen of the mark as used in commerce
and a signed declaration from the applicant attesting to the date of first use. @ay be filed in
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;0
conjunction with an application based on use in commerce, or as part of a Statement of )se
or Amendment to Allege )se
0
in conjunction with an $ntent/to/)se $()" Application.
prueba de uso
Statement o! U. /SOU0& Attestation that the mark that is the subject of an intent/to/
use $()" application has been used in commerce, filed after the )SP(D has issued a
:otice of Allowance.
de"*ara"#n de uso
u. n "ommer"e& (he bona fide use of a mark in the ordinary course of trade, and
not made merely to reserve a right in a mark. A trademark is deemed to be in use in
commerce when it is placed in any manner on goods, or on their containers or packaging,
or on tags or labels affi%ed to them, or on documents associated with the goods or their
saleC and when the goods are transported or sold in commerce. A service mark is deemed to
be in use in commerce when it is used or displayed in the sale or advertising of services,
and the services are rendered in commerce.
uso en e* "omer"o
J
13;. Lenna A,reement 5stablishing an $nternational 4lassification of the Figurative
5lements of @arks #6?;" www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1;#en.htm0
A"uerdo de Lena
B
17=. M4te Paper& A written analysis or assessment of a particular topic or issue, often
asserting a set of conclusions reached after study, one or more recommendations based on
0
Amendment to Allege )se AA)": attestation that the mark that is the subject of an intent/to/use $()"
application has been used in interstate commerce, filed before the )SP(D has issued a :otice of Publication.
(his term is not included within the body of the glossary because there appears to be no fi%ed Spanish
translation, the closest being &enmienda para alegar el uso'."
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;;
the analysis, or a position those offering the paper wish to take on the issue. Dften used for
government or organi.ational reports.
Lbro G*an"o
171. Mor*d Customs Or,an.aton /MCO0& an independent intergovernmental body
whose mission is to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of 4ustoms administrations.
#26 @ember ,overnments http:!!www.wcoomd.org!"
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de Aduanas
17$. Mor*d Inte**e"tua* Propert- Or,an.aton /MIPO0& responsible for the promotion
of the protection of intellectual property throughout the world through cooperation among
States, and for the administration of various multilateral treaties dealing with the legal and
administrative aspects of intellectual property.http:!!www.wipo.int!"
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de *a Propedad
Inte*e"tua*
17(. Mor*d Trade Or,an.aton /MTO0& global international organi.ation dealing with
the rules of trade between nations. (he goal is to help producers of goods and services,
e%porters, and importers conduct their business. http:!!www.wto.org!"
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de* Comer"o
/OMC0
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;A
ANNEN&
LIST OD USEDUL ACRONOMS
/NOT ALL FALE GEEN MENTIONED IN TFE PRELIOUS PAGES0
AGA: American =ar Association Asociaci-n Americana de 4olegios de Abogados"
ACPA: Anticybers7uatting 4onsumer Protection Act +ey de Protecci-n del 4onsumidor
4iber/ocupaci-n""
ADR: Alternative Eispute 3esolution 3esoluci-n alternativa de controversias! litigios"
AIPPI: Association $nternationale pour la Protection de la PropriLtL $ndustrielle
Asociaci-n $nternacional para la Protecci-n de la Propiedad $ndustrial"
AIPLA: American $ntellectual Property +aw Association Asociaci-n Americana del
Eerecho de la Propiedad $ntelectual"
AOs: Appellations of Drigin denominaci-n de orMgen"
APEC: Asia/Pacific 5conomic 4ooperation 4operaci-n 5con-mica Asia/PacMfico
45AP""
ARIPO: Africa 3egional $ndustrial Property Drgani.ation Drgani.aci-n 3egional
Africana de la Propiedad $ndustrial"
ASCAP: American Society of 4omposers, Authors and Publishers Sociedad Americana
de 4ompositores, Autores y 5ditores"
ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian :ations Asociaci-n de PaMses del Sudeste
AsiNtico"
""TLD: 4ountry code top/level domain Eominio de :ivel Superior de c-digo de paMs"
CTM: 4ommunity (rade @ark @arca 4omunitaria"
DNS: Eomain :ame System Sistema de :ombres de Eominio"
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;2
EC: 5uropean 4ommission 4omisi-n 5uropea"
ECK: 5uropean 4ourt of Fustice 4orte!(ribunal 5uropea!o de Fusticia"
ECTA: 5uropean 4ommunities (rade @ark Association Asociaci-n de @arcas de las
4omunidades 5uropeas"
EU: 5uropean )nion )ni-n 5uropea"
DTAA: Free (rade Area of the Americas Orea de +ibre 4omercio de las AmLricas"
GI: ,eographical $ndication indicaci-n geogrNfica"
,TLD: generic (op/+evel Eomain Eominio de nivel superior genLrico"
GATT: ,eneral Agreement on (ariffs and (rade Acuerdo ,eneral sobre Aranceles
Aduaneros y 4omercio"
IANA: $nternet Assigned :umbers Authority preceded $4A::" Autoridad para la
Asignaci-n de :Pmeros de $nternet! Autoridad Administradora de Eominios"
ICANN: $nternet 4orporation for Assigned :ames and :umbers 4orporaci-n de $nternet
para la Asignaci-n de :ombres y :Pmeros"
IDG: $nter/American Eevelopment =ank =anco $nteramericano de Eesarrollo"
IIPA: $nternational $ntellectual Property Alliance Alian.a $nternacional de la Propiedad
$ndustrial"
INTA: $nternational (rademark Association Asociaci-n $nternacional de @arcas
3egistradas"
IP: $ntellectual Property ! $ndustrial Property ! $nternet Protocol propiedad intelectual!
propiedad industrial! protocolo de internet"
IPRs: $ntellectual Property 3ights Eerechos de propiedad intellectual"
IR: $nternational 3egistration 3egistro $nternacional"
ITU: $ntent to )se intenci-n de uso"
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;>
MERCOSUR: @ercado 4omPn del Sur 4ommon @arket of the South"
MARPUES: :ot an acronym, name by which the Association of 5uropean (rademark
Dwners is known. Asociaci-n de Propietarios de @arcas 5uropeas"
MEP: @ember of the 5uropean Parliament @iembro del Parlamento 5uropeo"
NGO: :on/,overnmental Drgani.ations Drgani.aci-n no ,uvernamental"
OAPI: Drganisation Africaine de la PropriLtL $ntellectuelle African $ntellectual Property
Drgani.ation" Drgani.aci-n Africana de la Propiedad $ntelectual"
OG: Dfficial ,a.ette =oletMn Dficial"
OFIM: Dffice for the 9armoni.ation in the $nternal @arket Dficina Ee Armoni.aci-n
Eel @ercado $nterior H DA@$"
ODAC: Dffice of Foreign Assets 4ontrol Dficina de 4ontrol de Activos 5%tranjeros"
PTO: Patent and (rademark Dffice Dficina de Patentes y @arcas"
SIECA: SecretarMa Ee $ntegraci-n 5con-mica 4entroamericana Secretariat of 4entral
American 5conomic $ntegration"
SOU: Statement of )se declaraci-n de uso"
TEAS: (rademark 5lectronic Application System Sistema 5lectr-nico para Solicitar
@arcas 3egistradas"
TLD: (op/+evel Eomain :ame :ombre de Eominio de :ivel Superior"
TLT: (rademark +aw (reaty (ratado sobre el Eerecho de @arcas"
TRIPS: (rade/3elated Aspects of $ntellectual Property 3ights Aspectos de los Eerechos
de Propiedad $ntelectual y el 4omercio AEP$4"
USPTO: )nited States Patent and (rademark Dffice Dficina de patentes y @arcas de los
5stados )nidos"
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;?
MIPO: Borld $ntellectual Property Dffice Drgani.aci-n @undial de la Propiedad
$ntelectual"
MTO: Borld (rade Drgani.ation Drgani.aci-n @undial del 4omercio"
PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL E INDUSTRIAL
CONTRALISTADO
a nstan"a - en re*a"#n "on una Cn"a
parte
11. ex parte
abandono 1. abandonment
abo,ado e)amnador 17. e)amnn, attorne-
a""#n "on>unta o "o*e"t2a 9+. >ont a"ton
a""#n de usurpa"#n 11+. passn, o!!
A"uerdo de "oe)sten"a $9. "o<e)sten"e a,reement
139. "on"urrent use a,reement
A"uerdo de La Fa-a 71. Fa,ue A,reement
A"uerdo de Lsboa ;+. Lsbon A,reement
A"uerdo de Lo"arno ;1. Lo"arno A,reement
A"uerdo de Madrd ;9. Madrd A,reement
A"uerdo de N.a 1=1. N"e A,reement
A"uerdo de Lena 13;. Lenna A,reement
a,ente de mar"as 11;. ttrademar5 attorne-'a,ent
a,uamento' en2*e"mento' p@rdda de
!uer.a' p@rdda de un"dad
$1. b*urrn,
ape*a"#n "on>unta 9+. >ont appea*
ape**do 11=. surname
apost**a 1=. apost**e
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;<
apropa"#n ndebda 1=$. msappropraton
a%ues"en"a'"onsentmento'"on!ormdad $. a"%ues"en"e
arbtra>e 1+. arbtraton
Erea de Lbre Comer"o de *as Am@r"as
/ALCA0
3+. Dree Trade Area o! t4e Amer"as
/DTAA0
Aso"a"#n Amer"ana de* dere"4o de *a
Propedad Inte*e"tua*
9. Amer"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- La:
Asso"aton /AIPLA0
Aso"a"#n de Mar"as de *as
Comundades Europeas
1+. European Communtes Trade Mar5
Asso"aton /ECTA0
Aso"a"#n de Pa?ses de* Sudeste As6t"o 1;. Asso"aton o! Sout4east Asan Natons
/ASEAN0
Aso"a"#n Interamer"ana de *a
Propedad Industra*
79. Inter<Amer"an Asso"aton o!
ndustra* Propert- /ASIPI0
Aso"a"#n nterna"ona* de Mar"as 9=. Internatona* Trademar5 Asso"aton
/INTA0
Aspe"tos de *os dere"4os de Propedad
nte*e"tua* - e* Comer"o
/ADPIC0
13+. Trade<Re*ated Aspe"ts o! nte**e"tua*
Propert- /TRIPS0
a2so de ape*a"#n 1=7. not"e o! appea*
a2so de pub*"a"#n 1=9. not"e o! pub*"aton
bastardeo'p@rdda de !uer.a 11(. tarns4ment
benes 3;. ,oods
Go*et?n O!"a* 111. O!!"a* Ga.ette
Go*et?n O!"a* 11;. Trade Mar5s Kourna*
bCs%ueda 1+=. sear"4
bCs%ueda de ante"edentes 1+=. a2a*ab*t- sear"4
bCs%ueda e)4aust2a 1+=."ompre4ens2e sear"4
bCs%ueda pre*mnar 1+=.pre*mnar- sear"4
"an"e*a"#n'anu*a"#n $+. "an"e**aton
"ara"teres est6ndar 1+9. standard "4ara"ters
"arta de "onsentmento'"on!ormdad ((. "onsent *etter
"arta de "onsentmento'"on!ormdad ;=. *etter o! "onsent
"arta poder' poder /notara*0 1$$. po:er o! attorne-
"edente 19. ass,nor
ase,uramento de "a*dad 1$;. %ua*t- assuran"e
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
;6
"ert!"ado de re,stro 1((. "ert!"ate o! re,straton
"es#n 17. ass,nment
"esonaro 13. ass,nee
"bero"upa"#n' o"upa"#n *e,a* de un
domno
+=. "-bers%uattn,
"*ase $7. "*ass
"*as!"a"#n nterna"ona* 7;. nternatona* "*ass!"aton
"o*o"a"#n (. a!!)aton
"ompeten"a des*ea* 131. un!ar "ompetton
"on"ente e nten"ona*mente 93. 5no:n,*- and :**n,*-
"on!us#n ($. "on!uson
"on!us#n "on"reta ($.a"tua* "on!uson.
"on!us#n n2ertda ($.re2erse "on!uson
Con2en"#n de Par?s 11(. Pars "on2enton
Copera"#n E"on#m"a Asa<Pa"?!"o
/CEAP0
11. Asa<Pa"!" E"onom" Cooperaton
/APEC0
Corpora"#n de Internet para NCmeros -
Nombres As,nados
91. Internet Corporaton !or Ass,ned
Names and Numbers /ICANN0
daAos - per>u"os +1. dama,es
de buena !e $$. bona fide
de"*ara"#n de uso 139. de"*araton o! use
de"*ara"#n de uso 139. statement o! use /SOU0
denomna"#n de or,en 11. appe**aton o! or,n
dere"4o a* 2a*or "omer"a* de *a dentdad 1(7. r,4t o! pub*"t-
dere"4o de a""#n $1. "ause o! a"ton
dere"4o de autor'dere"4o de propedad
nte*e"tua*
(+. "op-r,4t
dere"4os de "uas propedad 1(=. %uas<propert- r,4ts
des"rp"#n de benes - ser2"os ++. des"rpton o! ,oods and ser2"es
des"rpt2o +1. des"rpt2e
d*,en"a debda 11. due d*,en"e
d*u"#n +7. d*uton
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A1
dseAo "omer"a* $;. "ommer"e des,n
dstn"#n ad%urda +;. a"%ured dstn"t2eness
dstnt2a +;. dstn"t2e
do"umento de prordad 1$3. prort- do"ument
Domno de N2e* Superor de C#d,o de
Pa?s
(9. Countr- Code Top Le2e* Doman
/CCTLD0
domno pCb*"o 1$9. pub*" doman
e>e"u"#n'ap*"a"#n 1$. en!or"ement
e*emento !,urat2o +3. des,n e*ement
en "on>unto 9+. >ont
en,aAoso +$. de"ept2e
enmenda 7. amendment
enmenda de* e)amnador 7.e)amner8s attorne-
entre *as partes 9$. inter partes
es*#,an 1+1. s*o,an
espe"men' muestra 1+7.spe"men
e)amen 13. e)amnaton
!a*s!"a"#n (7. "ounter!etn,
!a*s!"ado (3. "ounter!et
!am*a de mar"as 1=1. !am*- o! mar5s
!am*a de mar"as 1=1. seres o! mar5s
!e"4a de presenta"#n 31. !*n, date
!ondo de "omer"o'**a2e de ne,o"o'
renombre "omer"a*
7=. ,ood:**
!ran%u"a 3$. !ran"4se
!raude 3(. !raud
!un"ona*dad 31. !un"tona*t-
!un"ona*dad de !a"to 31.de !a"to !un"tona*t-
!un"ona*dad est@t"a 31.aest4et" !un"tona*t-
!undamento de *a presenta"#n 3=. !*n, bass
,ener"do 37. ,ener"de
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A#
dentdad 7$. dentt-
dent!"a"#n de *a !uente 1+3. sour"e dent!"aton
mta"#n 91. 5no"5<o!!
n"ontestab*dad 7(. n"ontestab*t-
nd"a"#n ,eo,r6!"a 39. ,eo,rap4"a* nd"aton
nd"a"#n ,eo,r6!"a prote,da 39.prote"ted ,eo,rap4"a* nd"aton
/PGI0
ner"a'na"t2dad'ne,*,en"a pro"esa* 97. *a"4es
n4erentemente dstnt2a +;. n4erent*- dstn"t2e
Insttuto CPR para *a Reso*u"#n de
Con!*"tos' Dsputas
(;. CPR Insttute !or Dspute Reso*uton
/CPR0
nterd"to pre*mnar ' 2sta pre*mnar 1$(. pre*mnar- n>un"ton
n2a*de. 9(. n2a*dt-
*audatoro 9;. *audator-
Le- de Mar"as de 1;;+ 131. Trade Mar5s A"t 1;;+
Le- de Mar"as de *os Estados Undos 99. Lan4am A"t
Le- de Prote""#n de* Consumdor /"ber<
o"upa"#n0
;. Ant"-bers%uattn, Consumer
Prote"ton A"t /ACPA0
*bro b*an"o 17=. :4te paper
*"en"a'permso'"on"es#n ;$. *"ense
*"en"ataro'permsonaro'"on"esonaro ;(. *"ensee
*o"a*.ador un!orme de re"ursos 133. un!orm resour"e *o"ator /ur*0
*o,o'*o,otpo ;3. *o,o
*u"ro "esante ;7. *ost pro!ts
mar"a de !antas?a 1=1. !an"!u* mar5
ma*a !e $=. bad !at4
mar"a 1=1. mar5
mar"a $(. brand
mar"a /"omer"a*0 11;. trademar5
mar"a a"uAada 1=1. "oned mar"a
mar"a arbtrara 1=1. arbtrar- mar"a
mar"a aso"ada 1=1. asso"ated mar"a
mar"a "o*e"t2a 1=1. "o**e"t2e mar"a
mar"a "omer"a* de *a "omundad (=. "ommunt- trade mar5 /CTM0
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A0
mar"a "ompuesta 1=1. "omposte mar"a
mar"a "on ,ra!?a /de !orma0 est*.ada 1=1. st-*.ed mar"a
mar"a de "ert!"a"#n 1=1. "ert!"aton mar"a
mar"a de ser2"os 1=1. ser2"e mar"a
mar"a denomnat2a 1=1. :ord mar"a
mar"a !amosa' de /a*to0 renombre 1=1. !amous mar"a
mar"a !antasma 1=1. p4antom mar"a
mar"a !,urat2a 1=1. !,urat2e mar"a
mar"a m)ta 1=1. m)ed mar"a
mar"a no trad"ona* 1=1. nontradtona* mar"a
mar"a notora 1=1. :e**<5no:n mar"a
mar"a sonora 1=1. sound mar"a
mar"a su,est2a 1=1. su,,est2e mar"a
mar5etn, par6sto 3. ambus4 mar5etn,
meramente des"rpt2o +1. mere*- des"rpt2e
mut*a"#n 1=(. mut*aton
nombre "omer"a* 13$. trade name
nombre de domno 1=. doman name
Nombre de Domno de Prmer N2e* 117. Top<*e2e* Doman Name /TLD0
Nombre de Domno de Se,undo N2e* 1+1. Se"ond Le2e* Doman Name /SLD0
nombre persona*' rea* 119. persona* name
nombre so"etaro'nombre de persona
>ur?d"a
(1. "orporate name
nombre't@rmno ,en@r"o 33. ,ener" term
nCmero "orre*at2o 1+(. sera* number
O!"na de Armon.a"#n de* Mer"ado
Interor
11=. T4e O!!"e !or Farmon.aton !or t4e
Interna* Mar5et /OFIM0
O!"na de Mar"as 11;. Trademar5 O!!"e
O!"na de Patentes 113. Patent O!!"e /UH0
O!"na de Patentes - Mar"as de *os
Estados Undos
137. Unted States Patent and Trademar5
O!!"e /USPTO0
opos"#n 11$. opposton
orden de "esar - abstenerse $3. "ease and desst *etter
orden de "esar - abstenerse ;1. *etter o! protest
orden de restr""#n tempora* 111. temporar- restrann, order /TRO0
orden'de"reto >ud"a*'mandamento 73. n>un"ton
Or,an.a"#n A!r"ana de *a Propedad
Inte*e"tua*
1=;. A!r"an Inte**e"tua* Propert-
Or,an.aton /OAPI0
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de Aduanas 171. Mor*d Customs Or,an.aton /MCO0
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A;
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de *a Propedad
Inte*e"tua*
17$. Mor*d Inte**e"tua* Propert-
Or,an.aton /MIPO0
Or,an.a"#n Munda* de* Comer"o
/OMC0
17(. Mor*d Trade Or,an.aton /MTO0
Or,an.a"#n Re,ona* A!r"ana de *a
Propedad Industra*
+. A!r"an Re,ona* Industra* Propert-
Or,an.aton /ARIPO0
patente 111. patent
peddo de e)tens#n de p*a.o 1(1. re%uest !or e)tenson o! tme
peddo de re"onsdera"#n 1(3. re%uest !or re"onsderaton
pet"#n de rea"t2a"#n 11;. petton to re22e
prater?a 1$=. pra"-
p*a.o 113. term
po*arod !a"tors 1$1. po*arod !a"tors
pre"*us#n'mpedmento'estoppe* 1(. estoppe*
Presentar 1;. !*e
presun"#n de abandono 1.presumpton o! a.
prima facie 1$+. prima facie
prordad' !e"4a de prordad 1$3. prort-'prort- date
probab*dad'res,o de d*u"#n +7. *5e*4ood o! d*uton
propedad ndustra* 7+. ndustra* propert-
propedad nte*e"tua* 77. nte**e"tua* propert-
Proto"o*o de Madrd ;;. Madrd Proto"o*
prueba de uso 139. proo! o! use
pub*"dad "omparat2a (1. "omparat2e ad2ertsn,
pub*"dad en,aAosa 19. !a*se ad2ertsn,
re,a*?a 1(9. ro-a*t-
re,strar 1($. re"ord
re,stro 1((. re,straton
re,stro de mar"as 11;. trade mar5s re,str-
re,stro de!ens2o 1((. de!ens2e re,ster
re,stro nterna"ona* 1((. nternatona* re,ster /IR0
re,stro prn"pa* 1$1. prn"pa* re,ster
re,stro sup*ementaro 1+;. supp*ementa* re,ster
re2nd"a"#n de prordad 1$3. prort- "*am
reno2a"#n 1(+. rene:a*
renun"a 111. surrender
renun"a +9. ds"*amer
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
AA
reso*u"#n a*ternat2a de "ontro2ersas'
*t,os
1. a*ternat2e dspute reso*uton /ADR0
res,o de "on!us#n ($.*5e*4ood o! "on!uson
se"reto "omer"a* 13(. trade se"ret
senten"a de"*arat2a +(. de"*arator- >ud,ment
ser2"os 1++. ser2"es
s,n!"ado se"undaro 1+$. se"ondar- meann,
s?mbo*o de re,stro I 1(1. I s-mbo*
s?mbo*o
SM
1(;.
SM
s-mbo*
s?mbo*o J 11$. J s-mbo*
Sstema de Madrd 1==. Madrd S-stem
sstema e*e"tr#n"o para so*"tar mar"as
re,stradas
11+. TEAS
So*"tante 1$. app*"ant
so*"tante "on>unto 1(.>ont app*"ant
so*"tud 1(. app*"aton
so*"tud de nten"#n de uso 1(.ntent to use /ITU0 app*"aton
suspens#n de!nt2a 117. permanent n>un"ton
trade dress' !orma de presenta"#n de
produ"tos
119. trade dress
tramta"#n 1$7. prose"uton
Tratado de Lbre Comer"o de Am@r"a
de* Norte /TLC'TLCAN0
1=3. Nort4 Amer"an Dree Trade
A,reement /NADTA0
Tratado de Narob 1=+. Narob Treat-
Tratado sobre e* Dere"4o de Mar"as 13=. Trademar5 La: Treat- /TLT0
uso 139. use
uso e e* "omer"o 139. use n "ommer"e
uso >usto 139. !ar use
uso pre2o 139. pror use
2a*ora"#n de mar"a brand 2a*uaton
2o*a"#n 71. n!rn,ement
+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A2

+ucas ,-me. Pont/$ntroducci-n a la $nterpretaci-n 0112/ Propiedad $ntelectual e $ndustrial
A>