STATE OF THE 50+ IN NYC 2014

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STATE OF THE 50+ in 

NEW YORK CITY July 2014

 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was made possible with the valuable contributions of many people across AARP. Contributors Contribut ors include: AARP Research Center Staff: Angela Houghton, Kate Bridges, Cassandra Cantave, Brittne Nelson, Cheryl Barnes, Erin Pinkus, Darlene Matthews, Rachelle Cummins, Sibora Gjecovi, Ed Evans, Joanne Binette AARP New York: Beth Finkel, David Irwin, Chris Widelo, David McNally, Bill Ferris, Suzanne Towns, Erik Kriss and everyone in the AARP-NY offices Additional AARP Staff: Jodi Sakol, Steve Griffin, Khelan Bhatia, Pete Jeffries, Coralette Hannon, Enzo Pastore, Gerri Madrid Davis, Mike Schuster, Doris Gilliam

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Special thanks to each of the following for their insights, consultation and advice in the production of this report and the associated research: Susan Reinhard, Senior Vice President, AARP Public Policy Institute Carlos Alberto Pessoa de Figueiredo, Senior Methods Advisor, AARP Public Policy Institute Ruth Finkelstein, Senior Vice President, Policy and Planning, New York Academy of Medicine Joyce Moy, Executive Director, Asian American / Asian Research Institute City University of New York Luis A. Miranda, Jr., Founding Partner, MirRam Group, L.L.C. Lorraine Cortez Vasquez, Executive Vice President, Multicultural Markets and Engagement, AARP

About AARP AARP is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, with a membership of nearly 38 million, that helps people turn their goals and dreams into real possibilities, strengthens communities and fights for the issues that matter most to families such as healthcare, employment and income security, retirement planning, affordable utilities and protection from financial abuse. We advocate for individuals in the marketplace by selecting products and services of high quality and value to carry the AARP name as well as help our members obtain discounts on a wide range of products, trav travel, el, and services. A trusted source for lifestyle tips, news and educational information, AARP produces AARP The Magazine, the world's largest circulation magazine; AARP Bulletin; www.aarp.org; AARP TV & Radio; AARP Books; and AARP en Español, a Spanishlanguage website addressing the interests and needs of Hispanics. AARP does not endorse candidates for public office or make contributions contributions to political campaigns or candidates. The AARP Foundation is an affiliated charity that provides security, protection, and empowerment to older persons in need with support from thousands of volunteers, donors, and sponsors. AARP has staffed staffe d offices in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Learn more at www.aarp.org.  

Copyright © 2014, AARP

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

4

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

6

SECTION I:

9

NYC 50+ Voters Voters

SECTION II: Population & Demography SECTION III: Jobs & Work SECTION IV: Economic Security

17 27 36

SECTION V: Healthcare

49

SECTION VI: Livable Community

58

APPENDIX:

64 A. AARP Voter Survey Methodology B. Annotated questionnaire

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INTRODUCTION

July, 2014 AARP is proud to present the  State of the 50+in New York City . As a leading advocate for the 50+ population, with almost 750,000 members in New York City and over 2.6 million members across the state, AARP is committed to ensuring that all New Yorkers are able to live their best lives as they age. This report takes a deeper, research-based research -based look at this key segment, the increasing population growth and the challenges and opportunities facing them.

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New York City has over 8.3 million people of diverse backgrounds, experiences, ethnicities, families, incomes and ages. Within this population, the 50+ are a powerful voting demographic; in fact, 50+ voters were the biggest single voting bloc in the 2013 New York City Mayoral Election. The age group contributes billions of dollars a year to the local economy, yet from age discrimination to affordability and the reality of being unable to retire; they are facing a unique set of challenges. Many are struggling. As a result, when the majority of Baby Boomers who can retire do, they say they will likely take their pensions, retirement savings and Social Security checks somewhere else – taking about $50 billion in annual economic contributions with them. In 2014, the last of the Baby Boomers will turn 50, representing a massive demographic shift. Thirty-one percent, or about 2.6 million, of all New York City Ci ty residents are 50 years of age or older, 13% are 65 or older, and the 65+ population is expected to rise to 16% by 2030. As this population booms, how will policy-makers, communities and providers adjust to their needs and talents? We hope the data presented will inform the w work ork of elected officials, community leaders, partner organizations and citizens to help New York City meet the needs and leverage the resources of the 50+ population. Sincerely, Beth Finkel State Director AARP in New York State

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ABOUT THIS REPORT

Various data sources were used in the creation of this report and are referenced within each section. Both population and registered voter-based data are included. All data represents New  York City and persons aged aged 50 and older unless otherwise noted. noted. In addition to various secondary and previously published survey data, a key source of primary data in this report is a telephone survey of n=1,302 registered voters age 50 and older living in the five boroughs of New York City, with an oversample of n=300 Asians. The sample also included representation of 50+ Hispanics and African American/Black voter groups in NYC. The survey of voters was fielded in June 2013 and interviewing was conducted in English, Spanish, Chinese (Cantonese and Mandarin), Tag Tagalog, alog, Korean Korean and Hindi. Hindi. Additional details on the survey methodology are included in the Appendix of this report. Voter Data

For clarity, charts representing survey data among registered voters is called out with this symbol.

Throughout the report, tables and graphs may not sum to 100% due to rrounding ounding or omission of categories with very small percentages. The terms “Boomer” and “Senior” have been used in this report to refer to mutually exclusive age

cohorts in the population for purposes of comparing and contrasting subgroups of the 50+ population. In this report, “Boomers” “Boomers” refers to those aged 50-64 and “Seniors” refers to age 65

and older.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is based on multiple data sources and examines demographics, published statistics and opinion polls to provide an overall picture of New York City’s population aged 50 and older. We present evidence of the power of 50+ voters and information related to the needs of NYC’s

older population friendly living. on the dimensions of home, work, economic security, healthcare and age-

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The big backdrop to this story is the significant demographic shift toward an aging population that is in our midst - globally, nationally and also in New York City. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), life expectancy in the U.S. increased by 8 years years from 1970 to 2011 w when hen it reached 78 78.7 .7 years. All across the U.S., the combination of increased life expectancy and an aging baby boom generation is driving a very fast growing 65+ population. Based on an AARP analysis of Census data, over 500 New York State residents are expected to turn 65 every day in the coming years. Over the next two decades, the share of people living in New York City who are aged 65 and over will change from one in eight, to one in every six residents. This population shift shi ft is bringing with it

opportunities and challenges of a “longevity society” that will impact the economy, public

policy, our communities, families and individuals. Some issues of importance for older New Yorkers highlighted in this report are not so new – for example, family caregiving and retirement security - but they are newly reaching critical mass such that they require attention from policy makers and legislators. Other dynamics affecting this population are relatively more contemporary such as workforce changes; identity theft and fraud threats to economic security; and a shift in family and household compositions from predominantlyy married couples toward more single and multigeneration predominantl multigenerational al households. Some of the key takeaways in this report include: POWER OF 50+ VOTERS •

50+ New Yorkers are a uber voting bloc. Although voter turnout in NYC is low overall, 50+ voters are over represented at the polls relative to their share of the City’s voting age

population (54% of voters last November and 37% of the 18+ population).

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PEOPLE & FAMILIES •

Like NYC’s total population, there is no single majority race or ethnic group among the 50+.

Half of the 50+ were born outside of the US and 15% live in English-isolated households. The 50-64 year old cohort is even more diverse than the 65+, which will require an ongoing and increasing attention attention to cultural relevance to meet the needs of the overall 50+ population in the coming decades. •

Older women are are more likely than men tto o live either alone or without a spouse. Fewer than half of 50+ households in NYC are occupied by married couples and a full third are headed by unmarried females. females. At ages 65 and older older,, households are more tthan han twice as likely to be occupied by a woman living alone (22%) than a man living alone (9%).

JOBS & WORK •

On average, older adults are working longer than before and feeling anxious about their financial security. Half of 50+ NYC voters in the workforce are not confident they will ever be able to retire or be able to live comfortably in retirement. At the same time, large numbers are experiencing experiencing or observin observing g discrimination against older w workers. orkers. Seven out of ten 50+ NYC voters are a re concerned about age discrimination.

ECONOMIC SECURITY •

Despite individual feelings of financial insecurity, as a collective, 50+ residents in NYC represented more than $70BN in consumer spending in 2011. With 53% of all Boomeraged (50-64) New Yorkers saying they are likely to leave NYC as they retire and age, at stake is a significant loss to the City’s economy if they flee and take their buying power with

them. •

Ensuring affordable housing, housing, including the cost of utilities, is a critical aspect of safeguarding economic security for the City’s older residents. More than half of 50+ NYC

voters (54%) say a lack of affordable housing is a major problem where they live. Nearly six in ten are extremely to very concerned about paying rent and almost half are concerned about being able to pay for utilities in the coming year.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY •

Widespread worry worry among NYC 50+ about protecting current assets from consumer fraud and identity theft, combined with high levels of poverty and hunger among NYC Seniors (65+), also contribute to making many 50+ voters feel vulnerable and financially insecure.

HEALTHCARE, CAREGIVING & AGING AT HOME •



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Concerns about affordable healthcare and gaps in accessing affordable long term care services put increasing responsibility responsibility on family caregivers to help their loved ones and honor preferences to “age in place” at home and in their community.   NYC 50+ voters want their elected officials to promote age-friendly living in their communities, meaning access to alternative transport transportation, ation, pedestrian safety, and affordable services to enable independent living.

50+ voters in New York City are an engaged voting constituency. Many of the issues important to them relate to so-called “kitchen table economics”, which affect their everyday lives such as employment, employmen t, caregiving and fraud threats. It is our hope that the data and findings here will be useful for NYC policy makers, community based organizations and elected officials to strengthen strengthe n the City as a place for its 50+ residents to live and thrive in a longevity society.

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I. NYC 50+ VOTERS •



The Most Powerful Voting Bloc in NYC What’s on Their Minds? 

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PERSISTENTLY LOW VOTER TURNOUT OVERALL IN NYC AND RELA REL ATIVEL TIVELY Y HIGH HIG H PARTICI PARTICIP PATION FROM OLDER OL DER VOTERS RESULTS IN A POWERFUL 50+ VOTING BLOCK According to a 2012 report by the NYC Campaign Finance Board, “ Who Votes? Voter Turnout in New York City ”, ”, voter turnout in the City has been historically low with significantly lower

participation rates compared to the rest of the state and the nation. Even compared to other large urban areas, a smaller proportion of registered voters cast ballots in NYC in i n both the 2008 presidential and the 2010 Congressional elections. 1

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In 2013, New York City again saw low voter turnout for citywide elections of several major offices including mayor, City Council, borough presidents and comptroller. The election was the first time in 12 years there was no incumbent running for mayor and despite the large number of items on the ballot, just one-fourth (24%) of registered voters cast votes2 - a decrease from the 29% turnout rate in 2009. 1,2  Yet, the share of the ele electorate ctorate re represent presented ed by 50+ vvoters oters increased slightly compared to 4 years prior – from 51% to 54%. Of the 1.1 million ballots cast for NYC mayor in 2013, about 584,000 came from a 50+ voter.3,4 

NYC Mayoral Voter Turnout (All Voters 18+)1,2 Voter Turnout 80%

Total Votes Cast

1,200,000 1,102,400

60% 40%

29%

24%

20% 0%

2009

NYC Mayoral Voters by Age 4

2013

1,400,000

100%

1,200,000

80%

1,000,000

60%

800,000

40%

600,000

20%

400,000

0%

18-49 Voters

51%

54%

2009

2013

50+ Voters

At 54% of the electorate, the 50+ represent a significantly larger share of voters than their 39% of the total voting age population (18+) in NYC.5  In its analysis of NY NYC C voter tur turnout, nout, the NYC Campaign Finance Board also concluded that adults under age 30 are less likely to vote than older adults.1  As a result, the interests and needs of New Yor Yorkers kers age 50 and older will drive results at the polls.

MAYORAL ELECTION, 50+ VOTERS IN THE 2013 NYC MAYORAL ACCOUNTED FOR MORE THAN HALF OF ALL BALLOTS CAST 3 

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AARP MEMBERS REPRESENT AN UBER VOTER GROUP WITHIN THE 50+ COHORT CO HORT IN NYC In addition to age and other demographic and socio-economic factors that are predictive of voter participation, the NYC Campaign Finance Board also recognizes a positive relationship between group membership and voter engagement, noting that groups, such as a s unions, mobilize their members to participate in and influence the electoral process.1  AARP is a non-partisan membership organization with more than 740,000 members in NYC. AARP engages its members and the general public on key issues of importance for the 50+ by providing information, information, holding debates and sp sponsoring onsoring grassroot grassroots s activities. It does not endorse candidates, have a PAC, or give money to campaigns or political parties. In a 2012 survey of its members, 68% of AARP members in NYC - or more than 500,000 New  Yorkers - said they they vote in local or state election elections. s.6  This could repr represent esent as much as 8 86% 6% of the 584,000 votes cast by a 50+ voter or 46% of all votes cast for mayor in 2013.

Potential AARP Member Representation in 2013 NYC Mayoral Electorate Total Ballots cast, 2013 NYC Mayoral Election

AARP Members in NYC

AARP Members in NYC Likely to Vote in Local Election

1,102,400 742,075

504,611

AARP MEMBERS REPRESENT A SIGNIFICANT PROPORTION OF NYC VOTERS PARTICIPATING IN LOCAL ELECTIONS

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ECONOMIC ISSUES WERE ON THE MINDS OF 50-64  YEAR OLDS ON VOTING VOTING DA DAY SIXTY PERCENT OF BOOMER VOTERS VOTERS SAID NYC’S ECONOMY IS “NOT GOOD” AND ONE -THIRD ARE WORSE WORSE OFF VERSUS FOUR YEARS AGO AGO According to exit polls conducted by Edison Research on the day of 2013 citywide election elections, s, Boomer aged voters (50-64) who cast their vote mostly had negative opinions about NYC’s economy. Voters in this so-called “sandwich generation” were more likely than older or younger voters to view NYC’s economy as poor or not so good (62% age 50 -64; 49% age 65+; and 51% age 18-49.)4 Do you think the condition of New York City's economy is:4

family’s financial situation

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Although the majority of voters overall indicated their

80%

51%

57%

46%

42%

38%

18-49

50+ Total

50-64

62%

49% Not so good/ Poor

60% 40% 20%

49%

Excellent/ Good

%

65+

Compared to four years ago, is your family's financial situation:4 100%

30%

35%

80%

35%

22%

45%

60%

Worse today

60%

38%

40%

51%

Comparatively, Senior voters (65+) were most likely to report a status quo financial situation for their families with 60% “about the same” as four

years ago.4 Better today

20%

25%

18%

20%

14%

18-49

50+ Total

50-64

65+

%

24%

About the same

either improved or stayed the same since the last mayoral election year in 2009, 2009, a ful fulll third (35%) of 50-64 year olds feel their situation is worse today than four years ago. Although an equal percentage of 18-49 year old voters reported being worse today, there is also a slightly larger proportion in the younger cohort who feel better today (25% vs. 20%).

ONLY ONE-FOURTH OF NYC REGISTERED VOTERS CAST A BALLOT FOR MAYOR IN 2013

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JOBS AND UNEMPLOYMENT WERE AN IMPORTANT ISSUE ON VOTING DAY FOR ALL AGES SHARED VALUES MORE LIKELY TO SWAY 50+ VOTERS; 18-49 WANT CHANGE Jobs and unemployment ranked first among voters voters at the polls on election day in 2013 when asked to identify the one issue that was most important in deciding their vote for mayor.4 Of the issues asked about, 50+ and 18-49 aged voters alike selected jobs and unemployment unemployment most often as most important. important. Education was the se second cond most common issue of impor importance tance for 1849 year olds, while crime was more likely to be important to the 50+. With regard to candidate qualities, there were more differences between what mattered most to younger and older voters. voters. Younger voters, aged 18-49, were most likely to say they wanted someone who can bring needed change (38%) followed by someone who shares their values (29%). Responses from older voters, aged 50+, to this question were the inverse of their younger counterparts – 35% said shared values mattered most and 28% said being able to bring needed change was most important.

Which ONE of these five issues was the most important in deciding how you voted for mayor today?4

40% 34%

Jobs and unemployment Education Crime The city's finances Housing

15%

50+ Total

11% 15% 10% 10%

Which ONE of these candidate qualities mattered most in deciding how you voted for mayor today?4 

29% 35%

Experience and a belief that that the candidate cares about likely to be critical to the voting decision among voters in either age group. 

18-49

11% 18%

Shares my values

“people like me” were less

24%

38% 28%

Can bring needed change Has the right experience

13% 16%

Cares about people like me

17% 17%

18-49 50+ Total

VOTERS TERS SAID AT THE POLLS, ONE THIRD OF 50+ VO JOBS/UNEMPLOYMENT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUE DECIDING THEIR VOTE FOR MAYOR

34%

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DECIDING FACTORS ARE STRONGLY CONTRASTED BETWEEN WHITE AND BLACK 50+ VOTERS THE 50+ BLACK BLACK CONSTITUENCY WANT WANT JOBS AND CHANGE; WHITE 50+ ARE MORE LIKELY LIKELY TO ENDORSE SOMEONE WITH SHARED VALUES Edison Research’s exit poll samples did not include enough Hispanic or Asian voters to parse

results by age and ethnicity, but we were able to analyze results between White 50+ and Black 50+ voters for insight i nsight into voting behaviors between these two constituencies. In both racial groups, more voters said jobs and unemployment was the most important issue deciding their vote for mayor, but for Black voters this issue held a stronger lead. Nearly half of 50+ Black voters (47%) on election day named jobs and unemploymen unemploymentt as their number one issue among those listed, compared to just 27% of White 50+ voters. White 50+ voters were comparatively more likely to name

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crime, education and the City’s Jobs and unemployment

27%

Crime

13%

The city's finances Housing

21%

18% 14%

Education

7%

finances as top issues. The salience sal ience of the jobs and employmen employmentt issue among Black 50+ voters reflects the

47%

disparity of unemployment rates between these voter groups in NYC. The self-reported unemploymen unemploymentt rate among Black 50-64 year old voters in NYC is 50% higher than White 50-64 year old voters (15% vs. 10%)7 and as a deciding voting issue it is significantly more important for the 50+ Black constituency overall.

White 50+

20%

Black 50+

8% 11%

Which ONE of these candidate qualities mattered most in deciding how you voted for mayor today?4 

Shares my values

25%

Can bring needed change Has the right experience Cares about people like me

Opinions about the most important candidate qualities were also very

42%

divergent between White and Black 50+ voters. voters. Black vot voter er decisions

21% 41% 4% 9%

favored a candidate’s capacity for

bringing change and caring about people like them, while White voters considered shared values and experience to be more important.  

25% White 50+ Black 50+

26%

In today's election for mayor, did you just vote for:4 Bill de Blasio Joe Lhota

BLACK 50+ VOTERS UNIVERSALLY CAST THEIR BALLOT FOR DE BLASIO. WHITE 50+ VOTES WERE MORE EVENLY EVENL Y BALANCED BETWEEN BOTH CANDIDATES

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0%

98%

72% 27%

75%

50% 47% 24%

67% 31%

2% Total 50+ White 50+ Black 50+

50-64

65+

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WANT ELECTED OFFICIALS TO FIGHT 50+ VOTERS WANT FRAUD, SUPPORT CAREGIVERS AND OLDER O LDER WORKERS FAMILY CAREGIVER SUPPORT RANKS HIGHER WITH BLACK VOTERS; FAMILY AGE FRIENDLY LIVING RANKS HIGH FOR ASIAN VOTERS In an AARP survey of 50+ voters, respondents felt ver veryy strongly that elected officials in NYC should make fighting fraud and and other consumer protect protections ions a priority. Eight in ten voters overall want this to be a top (53%) or high (28%) priority for the City’s elected officials. A similar proportion want to

see support for family caregivers. Nearly three-fourths say legislation in support of older workers and promoting age-friendly living in NYC should be priorities.

Opinions are similar across race and ethnic groups, with some variation in the relative rank order of priorities. Support of family caregivers edges ahead of all other priorities among Black 50+ voters. For Asian voters, agefriendly NYC is a relatively higher priority, ranking just behind fraud and consumer protection.

NYC 50+ Voters: Priorities for NYC Elected Officials7 Top Priority Protect consumers from unfair and deceptive practices

Protect consumers

Support family caregivers

50%

Support older workers

47%

Voter Data

28% 29% 25%

46%

27%

Top Priority

32%

 S   t    a  t    e  o f  

Hispanic 50+ Voters: Priorities for NYC Elected Officials7

High Priority 45%

53%

Promote age-friendly living in NYC

White 50+ Voters: Priorities for NYC Elected Officials7 Top Priority

High Priority

Protect consumers

63%

22%

Support family caregivers

61%

25%

39%

Support older workers

37%

30%

Support older workers

56%

23%

Age-friendly living in NYC

38%

27%

Age-friendly living in NYC

53%

25%

Black 50+ Voters: Priorities for NYC Elected Officials7 Top P Pri rio orit ityy

Voter Data

Asian 50+ Voters: Priorities for NYC Elected Officials7 Top Pr Priority

High P Prriori ority

Support family caregivers

64%

23%

Protect consumers

Protect consumers

60%

28%

Age-friendly living in NYC

Support older workers

58%

Age-friendly living in NYC

53%

19%

Support older workers

30%

Support family caregivers

Hispanic 19%

50+ NYC VOTER POPULATION Black 27%

Voter Data

High Priority

Support family caregivers

34%

Voter Data

High Pr Priority 44% 38% 33% 28%

Asian 3%

White 51%

21% 23% 21% 22%

Voter Data

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The following sections of this report will look more closely at some of the key issues of importance for New York City 50+ voters and examine how these issues impact both residents and the City today and in the near future.

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Section 1: NYC 50+ Voter References 1. Who Who Votes? Votes? Vot Voter er Turn Turnout out in N New ew Y York ork City  City , NYC Campaign Finance Board Voter Assistance Advisory Committee, June

11, 2012. http://www.nyccfb.info/PDF/issue_reports/WhoVotes.pdf   2. NYC Elect Election ion Atlas Atlas,, 2013, City Uni University versity of Ne New w York, Ce Center nter for U Urban rban Res Research earch.. http://www.nycelectionatlas.com http://www.nycelectionatlas.com   3. NYC Boa Board rd of Elect Elections, ions, St Stateme atement nt and Ret Return urn Repo Report, rt, Nove November mber 5, 2013. http://vote.nyc.ny.us/html/results/results.shtml   http://vote.nyc.ny.us/html/results/results.shtml 4. 2013 NYC Mayora Mayorall Exit Poll Results Results,, Edison Resea Research. rch. 50+ voter re results sults provid provided ed to AARP AARP.. Total vot voter er results ava availabl ilable e at http://www.nytimes.com/projects/elections/2013/general/nyc-mayor/exit-polls.html http://www.nytimes.com/projects/elections/2013/general/nyc-mayor/exit-polls.html.. 5. U.S. Census Bureau Bureau,, 2012 A America merican n Comm Community unity Survey Survey.. http://factfinder2.census.gov http://factfinder2.census.gov   6. AARP Memb Member er Opin Opinion ion Survey, 20 2012, 12, NYC sample sample.. Full state an and d nationa nationall results and methodo methodology logy informa information tion ava availabl ilable e here http://www.aarp.org/about-aarp/info-10-2012/member-opinion-survey-state-reports.html. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus   7. AARP P Public ublic Opini Opinion on Survey of N NYC YC Regist Registered ered Vo Voters ters a age ge 50 and older older.. June 2013. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus

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II. POPULATION POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHY •









Population size Projected growth Race/ethnicity,, age, borough Race/ethnicity Marital status Household composition

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WITH BOOMERS AGING, NYC IS IN THE MIDST OF RAPID SENIOR POPULATION GROWTH AT THE SAME TIME, 50-64 YEAR OLD POPULATION POPULATION WILL REMAIN ST STABLE ABLE   2014 NYC 50+ Population1

Of New York City’s 8.4 million

residents living in its five boroughs,

2,000,000

1,525,847

   e1,600,000   z    i    S    n1,200,000    o    i    t    a 800,000    l   u    p    o 400,000    P

31% or 2.6 million are age 50 and older.1 

1,106,519

0

50-64      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

65+

Projected Growth of NYC’s 50+ Population2

Of the 50+ cohort of older adults, 42% are currently age 65 and older and 58% are between 50 and 64. The larger group of younger baby boomers will drive dramatic growth of the City’s older population as they continue to age over the next 15 to 20 years.

 2,900,000  2,800,000  2,700,000

Between now and 2040, the City’s

 2,600,000  2,500,000  2,400,000  2,300,000 2,200,000

2010

150%

    )    e    s    g    s 140%    n   u    n    a    e     h   C 130%    C   0    n   1 120%    o   0    i    t    2    a    f 110%     l    u   o      p   %    o   s 100%    P   a     (

2015

2020

2025

2030

2035

2040

50-64 year old population will remain rather flat while the size of the Senior (65+) population will increase close to 40% over the same period. In tot total, al, the combined 50+ population will grow 18% over the thirty year period from 2010 to 2040.2

Projected Changes in Older Adult NYC Population Over Time2 65+

50-64

90%

2010

2015

2020

2025

2030

2035

2040

TODAY, NYC’S 1.1 MILLION SENIORS (65+) REPRESENT ABOUT 13% OF THE CITY’S CIT Y’S TOTAL TOTAL POPULATION BY 2030, THE SENIOR POPULATION POPULATION WILL GROW TO 1.35 1. 35 MILLION, REPRESENTING 16% OF THE CITY’S TOTAL POPULATION 2 

-18 

BOROUGH LEVEL CHANGE IN THE 65+ RANGES FROM 27% TO 63% OVER THE NEXT T WO DECADES MORE PROLONGED GROWTH GROWTH OF OLDER RESIDENTS EXPECTED IN OUTER BOROUGHS The distribution of the 50+ population across the boroughs roughly approximates that of the total NYC population. Brooklyn and Queens are home to 29% each of the 50+, 20% reside in Manhattan and smaller proportions in the Bronx (15%) and Staten Island (6%).

NYC 50+ Population by Borough3 50% 40%

29%

29%

30% 20%

20%

15%

6%

10% 0%

Bronx

Within the 50+ demographic, Staten

Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

Staten Island

Island’s population skews slightly

toward the younger end compared to other boroughs, with 62% of the 50+ aged 50-64 and 38% aged 65+.

    ) 170%    e    s    g    u    s 160%    n    n150%    a    e     h    C    C   0140%    n   1    o   0130%    i    t    2    a 120%     l    u  o    p   %110%    o   s    P   a100%     (

Manhattan’s 50+ is the oldest of the

boroughs, splitting 56% aged 50-64 and 44% aged 65+. Partly because its population is already older, Manhattan’s 65+

population will grow at a slower rate, though still nearly a 30% increase. The Bronx and Queens will see a 45% increase in their senior populations over the 20+ years. Of the boroughs, Staten Island will experience the steepest senior population growth (63%). As a percentage of the total borough population, Seniors (65+) in Staten Island will rise from 13% to 18% by 2040.

Projected Change in Borough Senior Population Over Time2 Staten Is Queens Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan

90%

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040

NYC Projected Growth of Senior Population as a % of Total Population 2     n    o 25%    i    t

2010

    l    a    u 20%    p    o    P  15% Y  

14% 11%

2015

2020

15% 11%

2025

2030

2040 18%

17%

17% 14%

2035

13%

13%

    l 10%    a    t    o    T 5%     f    o      % 0%

Bronx

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Queens

Staten Island

AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL POPULATION, GROWTH OF THE 65+ WILL BEGIN TO LEVEL OFF AFTER 20302

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-19 

NYC’S 50-64 IS SIGNIFICANTLY MORE DIVERSE THAN THE

CURRENT 65+ POPULATION MULTICULTURAL NEEDS WILL BE AN INCREASING FACTOR IN COMMUNITY SERVICES FOR SENIORS NYC 50+ Population by 50%

Similar to the rest of the NYC population, there is no leading majority race/ethnicity among the

Race/Ethnicity3

41%

40% 30%

23%

22%

20%

12%

10%

2%

50+. Collectively, groups represent 59% of non-White the 50+ and Whites 41%. Black and Hispanic residents comprise nearly one-fourth each and Asians represent 12% of the City’s 50+ population.

0%

White      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Black

Hispanic

Asian

Other

In addition to a swelling 65+ population driven by the baby boomer generation, NYC’s population is also

NYC 50+ Race/Ethnicity by Age 100% 80%

13%

10%

Asian

24%

20%

Hispanic

22%

Black

60%

24%

40%

Cohort3

White

20%

47%

37%

%

Age 50-64

30%

Age 65+

% Change in NYC Population: 2014-2019 (Projected)1 17%

20%

11% 10%

8%

An ongoing rise in diversity is a trend that is expected to continue into the 18%

8%

3%

0%

 Total Pop

Total 50+

 White 50+

becoming more diverse similar to the nation overall. Even among 50+ residents, there is a marked distinction in the racial and ethnic representation between 50-64 year olds and those 65+. Whites represent nearly half (47%) of residents 65+ and only 37% of those age 50-64. This shifting demographic means multicultural needs will be an increasing factor in community services for Seniors (65+).

Black Hispanic Asian 50+ 50+ 50+

future for the total population as well as the 50+. In the next 5 years, 50+ Asian and Hispanic populations in NYC are expected to grow faster than White and Black cohorts in the same age demographic.

THE NUMBER OFAND ASIAN SENIORS IN NYCOF GREW BETWEEN 2000 2010 WITH MOST THE BY 64% NUMERIC GROWTH COMING FROM CHINESE, INDIAN, KOREAN AND FILIPINO SENIORS5

-20 

50+ BLACK AND ASIAN POPULATIONS ARE CONCENTRATED IN DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES HISPANICS LIVE ACROSS ALL BOROUGHS Thematic maps of population density across the boroughs reveal opposite footprints of 50+ African American/Black and Asian communities, with few overlapping areas of highest density between these two groups.1

2013 NYC 50+ Multicultural Population Density Density Maps1 

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

The Bronx stands out as the borough of greatest Hispanic population density overall, but the citywide 50+ Hispanic population is comparatively more dispersed than Black or Asian residents. are fewHispanic zip code areas with less than 5%There of the 50+ population density. density. Many ne neighborhoods ighborhoods of highest Hispanic density in the Bronx, Brooklyn and Queens share significant representation represen tation with Black or Asian residents. *Note Richmond County is Staten Island; Kings County is Brooklyn; New York is Manhattan.

NYC 50+ Population by Race/Ethnicity3

THREE OUT OF FIVE BOROUGHS HAVE NO SINGLE MAJORITY 50+ RACE/ETHNICITY

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% %

4% 44%

10% 15% 33%

31% 19%

40%

10% 24% 14% 51%

22% 19% 18%

8% 9% 7% 76%

38%

Bron Bronx x 50 50+ + Broo Brookl klyn yn Manhattan Queens 50+ 50+ 50+

Staten Is 50+

Asian Hispanic Black White

QUEENS 22%  ASIAN 

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-21 

HALF OF ALL NYC 50+ ARE FOREIGN BORN AND SPEAK A LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH AT HOME

 

AMONG SENIORS (65+), ONE IN FIVE ARE ENGLISH ISOLATED Thirty-seven percent of the City’s total population is foreign born. Among the 50+ cohort, it is an even

NYC 50+ Immigrant vs. Native Population3 100% 80% 60%

49%

51%

45% Immigrant

40% 20%

51%

49%

55%

Total 50+

Age 50-64

Age 65+

US Native

%

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Immigrant % of 50+ Population by Borough3  100%

Age 50-64

Age 65+

80% 60% 40%

63% 56%

48% 39%

54%

51% 35% 36%

29% 23%

20% %

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan

Queens

Staten IIss

NYC 50+ Household Language Use3  100%

Englis Eng lish h is isola olated ted

Spe Speak ak llang anguag uage e othe otherr than than Eng Englis lish h

80%

50%

60%

52%

40% 20%

17%

15%

Total 50+

Age 50-64

46% 21%

%

Age 65+

– nearly larger proportion half (49%) of all NYC residents age 50 and older are foreign born. As a group, current 50-64 year olds are even more likely to be foreign born than those 65+ (51% versus versus 45%). Across tthe he boroughs, Queens has the largest representation representatio n of immigrants (60%) among its 50+ population followed by Brooklyn (54%).

Even though the 50-64 year old group is more likely to be foreign born, they are less likely to be English isolated households, tending more toward bilingual household language use. As measured by the Census Bureau, “English isolated households” are those where no

member above age 14 speaks English very well. 3  This extreme form of language barrier is lower among 50-64 year olds than 65+, but still a majority (52%) are speaking a language other than English in the their ir homes. Spanish accounts for less than half of them (24% of all 50-64 households). Among the boroughs, English isolation is highest in Brooklyn where 26% of senior (65+) households are language isolated.

NYC 50+ Population by Citizenship3

THE MAJORITY OF NYC IMMIGRANTS AGE 50 AND OLDER ARE NATURALIZED CITIZENS  CITIZENS 

Not a citizen 15%

Naturalized citizen 34%

Native 51%

-22 

MAJORIT MAJORITY Y OF OLDER NYC RESIDENTS ARE FEMALE AND SINGLE WHETHER BY CHOICE OR CIRCUMSTANCE, WOMEN ARE GOING IT ALONE Women live longer than men so it it follows that NYC’s population skews more heavily female in older age cohorts. Even among residents age 50-64, there are slightly more women (54%) than men (46%), rising to 60% female among Seniors (65+) and up to 69% female by ages 85 and older. In addition to an uneven gender ratio, many older City residents are likely to be single. Among NYC 50-64 year olds, about one-fifth (19%) have never married and another one-fourth (26%) are otherwise single. At ages 65 and above, nearly one-third (30%) are

NYC 50+ Gender Distribution 2,3 100%

31%

80%

46%

60%

Male

40%

54%

60%

69%

Age 50-64

Age 65+

Age 85+

20%

NYC 50+ Marital Status3 100%

Age 50-64

30%

20%

Married

19%

6% 4%

Widowed

Divorced

Separated

NYC 50+ Heads of Household by Age3 Married couple Female living alone or w/o spouse Male living alone or w/o spouse

13%

Never married

Living alone: 50-64 65+ Female

11%

22%

Male

8%

9%

51% 47%

20%

12%

%

60% 40%

15%

5%

80%

women living alone rises significantly with age, doubling from 11% in the 5064 age group to 22% among the 65+, while the proportion of men living alone remains constant.

Age 65+

55% 42%

100%

Moreover, the proportion of households headed by

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

80%

40%

As a result, NYC 50+ households are more likely to be headed by women than men. In fact, households headed by women either living alone or without a spouse (32%) are twice as common as those headed by single men (14%).

Female

0%

60%

widowed and 16% were previously married but not currently.

40%

32%

42% 37%

28% 14%

14%

14%

%

Total 50+

Age 50-64

Age 65+

IN 1960, 70% OF ALL U.S. ADULTS WERE MARRIED. TODAY, IT’S 51%

AT AGES 55 AND ABOVE, WOMEN LIVING ALONE IN THE U.S. OUTNUMBER MEN LIVING ALONE6 

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-23 

SINGLE FEMALES ARE EVEN MORE LIKELY TO BE AT THE HEAD OF 50+ BLACK AND HISPANIC HOUSEHOLDS FOUR IN TEN HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD ARE WOMEN WITHOUT A SPOUSE Although half of all 50+ NYC residents are married, marriage rates rates vary across racial and ethnic groups. Married civil statu status s is less likely among 50+ Black (37%) (37%) and Hispanic (44%) residents residents and two in five (40%) in both groups have been formerly married (widowed, divorced or NYC 50+ Marital Status by Mar arri rie ed

Race/Ethnicity 3

Wid idow owe ed, Div ivor orcced or Separ eparat ated ed

Neve ever marri arried ed

100%

72%

80% 60% 40%      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

20%

50%

54% 30% 16%

34% 16%

37% 40% 23%

44% 40% 22% 6%

16%

%

Total 50+

White 50+

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+

Asian 50+

NYC 50+ Heads of Household by Race/Ethnicity3  Married couple Female living alone or w/o spouse Male living alone or w/o spouse

100% 80% 60% 40% 20%

69%

52% 27% 14%

40% 38%

34% 43%

16%

16%

17% 11%

%

White 50+

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+

Asian 50+

Living alone:

African White American Hispanic Asian 50+ 50-64 65+ 50+ 50-64 65+ 50+ 50-64 65+ 50+ 50-64 65+

Female

19% 12% 26% 16% 12% 23% 13%

9%

20%

7%

4%

11%

Male

10% 10% 10%

6%

8%

3%

3%

3%

9%

8%

9%

7%

WOMEN, BLACKS AND HISPANICS ARE OVER-REPRESENTED AMONG SENIOR NEW YORK CITY HOUSING AUTHORITY RESIDENTS (AGE 65+)

Male Female White Black Hispanic Asian and other

separated). In contrast, Asians present significantly higher marriage rates (72%) and the proportion who have never married is very small (6%). There are similar patterns in the types of 50+ heads of household by race and ethnicity. Both Blacks and Hispanics have higher levels of single female households – about four in ten. Hispanic households are equally as likely to be headed by women alone as by married couples, whereas in 50+ Black households, single women heads of household are most common. An increase in the proportion of women living alone at ages 65 and older is consistent across all race and ethnic gr groups. oups. Of note, a majority of White unmarried female heads household live alone and are of less likely than their Black, Hispanic or Asian female counterparts to have other people in their home.

NYC Housing Authority Residents Aged 65+7

Total NYC Population Aged 65+3

29% 71% 9% 40% 44%

40% 60% 47% 22% 20%

7%

11%

Living alone

-24-

53%

31%

 

INTERGENERA INTERGENERATIONAL TIONAL LIVING IS MORE COMMON AMONG MULTICULTURAL RESIDENTS NOT-SO-EMPTY NESTS ARE REALITY FOR MANY   One in five New York City residents age 50 and older have children in their household; one in ten have three generations living together. In non-White families, multigenerational living and the presence of children in the household is significantly more common.

Generational Households Households among 50+ in NYC3 Multigenerat rational (3 (3 Ge Generations)

50%

Kids iin n tth he Ho Household

40% 30% 20%

19% 11%

10%

28%

25%

23%

17%

15%

13%

4%

10% 0%

Total 50+

White 50+

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+

Asian 50+

For Black, Hispanic and Asian residents be between tween 50 and 64 years old, more than one-fourth live in households with children present. By age 65, the presence of children diminishes substantially for Whites and and less so for non-White groups. groups. Asian resident residents s in particular maintain a higher incidence of living with children as Seniors and are most likely to live in multigenerational multigener ational households in older age. A full fourth of Asian Seniors (age 65+) live in a multigenerational multigener ational household, more than twice the level of Seniors at large (11%). 3  Total NYC Age Age 50-64 65+

3 generation household Kids in the household

White Age Age 50-64 65+

Black Age Age 50-64 65+

Hispanic Age Age 50-64 65+

Asian Age Age 50-64 65+

10%

11%

4%

4%

13%

14%

15%

16%

13%

24%

24%

11%

17%

3%

28%

16%

29%

17%

30%

23%

Grandparents & Kin Care 17%

17% OF 50+ GRANDPARENTS REGULARLY PROVIDE CARE OR FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THEIR GRANDCHILDREN OR KIN’S CHILDREN8

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-25 

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Section 2: Population & Demography References 1. Nielse Nielsen, n, 2014. Prepa Prepared red by AARP Resea Research. rch. 2. Cornel Cornelll Program for Ap Applied plied Demo Demograph graphics, ics, projections projections based based on 2010 Decennial Census dat data. a. Prepa Prepared red by AARP Resea Research. rch. Data available at http://pad.human.cornell.edu/counties/projections.cfm http://pad.human.cornell.edu/counties/projections.cfm.. Accessed on October 23, 2013. 3. U.S. Cen Census sus Bureau Bureau,, America American n Communit Communityy Survey Survey,, PUMS 2009-20 2009-2011. 11. Prepared b byy AARP Resea Research. rch. 4. NYC Dep Dept. t. of Ci City ty Pla Planning, nning, 201 2010 0 Populat Population ion Data avai available lable at http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/census/demo_tables_2010.shtml. http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/census/demo_tables_2010.shtml. Accessed on October 23, 2013 5. Asi Asian an Ame America rican n Fed Federa eratio tion, n, 201 2012. 2. Asian Americans in New York City: City: A Decade of Dynamic Change 2000-2010 . Available at http://www.aafny.org/pdf/AAF_nyc2010report.pdf   6. Kl Klin inen enbe berg, rg, Eric Eric.. Going Solo: The Extraordinary Rise and Surprising Appeal of Living Alone. The Penguin Press, 2012. Excerpt available at http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2012/01/25/eric-klinenberg-going-solo/?iid=SF_F_Lead http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2012/01/25/eric-klinenberg-going-solo/?iid=SF_F_Lead.. 7. Health of Older Older Adults in New York City Public Public Housing: Findi Findings ngs from the the New York City Housing Authorit Authorityy Senior Survey. Survey. May

2011. Available at http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/downloads/pdf/senior-report-nycha.pdf   8. AARP NY L Legisla egislative tive Issu Issue e Survey of 50 50+ + Registere Registered d Vote Voters, rs, NY NYC C sample. Decemb December er 20 2012. 12.

2.6MM 

2014 NYC 50+ 

-26 

III. JOBS & WORK •





Employment Age Discrimination in the Workplace Working Caregivers

-27 

T WO-THIRD WO-THIRDS S OF 50-64 YEAR OLD NYC VOTERS VOTERS ARE IN THE LABOR FORCE  FORCE   YET HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT IS REPORTED AMONG BOOMER VOTERS VOTERS For many Americans, ages 50-64 are their prime working years and often when they are highest paid. While half of all 50-64 year old voters in NYC are currently work working, ing, as of June 2013 one in seven or 14% polled voters were unemployed unemployed and looking for work. work. This is significantly higher than the citywide unemployment rate of 8.7% for the same time period reported by the NY State Department of Labor.1,2 Employmentt status of NYC voters age 50-64 also vary by race/ethnicity groups according to Employmen AARP’s poll. Hispanic voters age 50 -64 were least likely to be currently employed with one in five (19%) unemployed and looking for work – the highest of any race or ethnic group.1  Although more adults in America are delaying retiremen retirementt and working into older age more than ever before, the majority of NYC voters age 65 and older are no longer in the labor force (84%).1,3       4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Voter Data

NYC Voters 50+: Employment Status1  100%

Not in labor force

34%

80%

56% 60% 40% 20%

14%

84%

8%

Employed

52%

35%

Unemployed, looking for work

2% 14%

%

Total 50+

50-64

65+

NYC 50-64 Employment by Race/Ethnicity1 100% 80%

32%

32%

60%

10%

15%

37% 19%

30%

56%

53%

44%

White

Black

Hispanic

Not in labor force

12% Unemployed, looking for work

40% 20%

Voter Data

55%

Employed

0%

14%

Asian

SELF-REPORTED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG 50-64 YEAR OLD NYC VOTERS (JUNE 2013)1

-28 

EDUCATIONAL, HEALTH, AND SOCIAL SERVICES ARE THE TOP NYC INDUSTRIES OF EMPLOYMENT FOR AGES 50-64 FOLLOWED FOLL OWED BY ARTS, ART S, ENTERTAINMENT AND HOSPITALITY HOSPITALITY The economically powerful NYC provides a variety of employment opportunities. According to the US Census Bureau which collects data on businesses as well as individuals, education, health, and social services are the top top industries of employment employment for NY NYC C adults age 50-64 across all racial and ethnic groups, and most significantly for Black residents where these sectors represent represent 44% of jobs. Hospitality (accommodation, food services) services) together with with arts and entertainment entertainment rank a close second for Asians. At the same time, Whites have higher rates of employment in professional and scientific services than other race/ethnic groups in NYC.  4 White 50-64

Black 50-64

Hispanic 50-64

Asian 50-64

Educational, health and social services

31%

44%

31%

25%

Professional and scientific services

15%

8%

9%

7%

Finance, insurance, real estate

12%

7%

9%

7%

Arts, entertainment, accommodation, food services

11%

10%

16%

23%

Retail Public administration

6% 5%

5% 7%

8% 4%

11% 3%

Transportation

5%

10%

8%

9%

Construction

4%

4%

5%

4%

Manufacturing

4%

3%

7%

8%

Information

4%

2%

1%

1%

NYC 50+ Industry of Employment4

Although service industries appear to represent the lion’s share of work opportunities for New

 Yorkers 50+, 50+, there has also b been een a marke marked d decline in NYC em employer-sponsored ployer-sponsored retireme retirement nt plans particularly in service industries. A 2012 report by the NYC Comptroller’s office analyzed

the availability of employer-sp employer-sponsored onsored retireme retirement nt plans and revealed that industries such as personal services; entertainment entertainment and recreational services; and wholesale and retail trade industries were were among those with tthe he lowest plan sponsorship as of 2009. Further, occupations in these industries have experien experienced ced the steepest declines in plan sponsorship since 2000. The analysis concluded that employer decisions across all industries and occupations were the primary driver in declining plan sponsorships rather than changing demographics of workers. workers. According to that report report,, workers in all service industries generally generally experienced experience d a decline in plan sponsorship and by a larger margin in NYC compared to the nation as a whole.5

NYC Retirement Plan Sponsorship Rates by Select Industries 5 2000 

2009 

% change

Total Sponsored Entertainment & Recreational Services

48% 43%

40% 19%

-18% -57%

Wholesale & Retail Trade

34%

19%

-44%

Personal Services

26%

15%

-42%

Business & Repair Services

48%

34%

-29%

Manufacturing

42%

45%

+8%

FEWER THAN ONE IN FIVE NYCAINMENT WORKERS IN ENTERT ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATIONAL RECREA TIONAL SERVICES HAVE ACCESS TO

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

SPONSORED PLANS -29 

LAGGING RETIREMEN RETIREMENT T READINESS UNDERSCORES THE NEED TO ENSURE LONGEVITY FOR NYC’S OLDER WORKERS RETIREMENT READINESS IS WEAKEST FOR HISPANIC AND ASIAN WORKERS  WORKERS  NYC 50+ workers are not immune to the economic forces delaying or indefinitely postponing Americans’ retirement plans across the country. Such reasons include losses in financial

portfolios, declines in housing values, lack of retirement savings or employer-sponsore employer-sponsored d plans, and the need to work for health care coverage. Among NYC working 50+ 50+ voters, just half are confident they will be able to retire at some point, and nearly one in four are not confident in their ability to retire at any point and face the prospect of working for the rest of their lives. Retirement Retirement confidence is weakest among Hispanics and Asians, two NYC worker groups that are less likely to have access to employer-sponsored retirem retirement ent plans. 1,5 Voter Data      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

NYC 50+ Voters in Labor Force: Confidence in Ability to Retire1

Extremely confident

Very confident

Somewhat confident

Not too confident

Total 50+

25%

25%

21%

10%

White 50+

25%

24%

22%

7%

Black 50+ Hispanic 50+ Asian 50+

32% 14% 18%

23%

19%

27%

19%

19%

27%

Not at all confident

13% 17%

14%

14%

6%

17% 18%

10%

Due to this downward trend in retirement plan sponsorship, older workers will need to be more reliant on their own personal investments or with fewer resources in older age, will need to work longer. This is another dynamic that will push New York City toward an older workforce in the coming years. NYC Retirement Plan Sponsorship Rates by Worker Race/Ethncity5 Total Sponsored White Black Hispanic Asian

2000

2009

% change

48% 59%

40% 53%

-17% -10%

48%

38%

-21%

35% 39%

30% 26%

-14% -33%

COMPARED ARED TO WHITE WORKERS, BLACK, HISPANIC AND ASIAN COMP WORKERS STARTED AT A RELATIVE DISADVANTAGE IN RETIREMENT PLAN ACCESSIBILITY AND LOST MORE GROUND GROUND SINCE 2000 5

-30 

MANY 50+ IN NYC HAVE EXPERIENCED OR WITNESSED AGE DISCRIMINATION IN THE WORKPLACE ENCOURAGED OR FORCED RETIREMENT IS MOST COMMON Older workers are delaying retirement and staying in the workforce in record numbers.6 Over the last 30 years, people age 65 and older in the workplace increased

Percent Increase in Employment by Age and Gender, 1977-20077 

Age 16 and over

59%

Age 65 and over

101%

Men, Age 65 and over

78%

Women, Age 65 and over

147%

Age 65-69

85%

Age 70-74

98%

Age 75 and over

172%

over 100%, driven primarilyinby more older working women as well as workers the oldest age cohort of 7 75+.   In 2013, one in three Americans in their late 60s were in the workforce, the most ever on record.2  With this demographic shift in our labor l abor force, more generations generation s are s sharing haring the workplace and older workers confront hazards of age discrimination at work. Age discrimination involves treating someone (an applicant or employee) less favorably because of their age and it tends to be more prevalent in weak labor markets. 8 In NYC, almost half (48%) of 50+ voters have experienced experience d or witnessed at least one type of workplace discrimination related to age.

Being encouraged or forced to retire, as well as not being hired for a job were the top types of age discrimination witnessed or experienced by NYC 50+ voters. 1  Among Boomer voters (50-64) who are currently working, age discrimination rates are even higher with 53% experien experiencing cing or 1  witnessing at least one type of age-based discrimination since turning 50. Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Ever Experienced or Witnessed Age Discrimination in the Workplace1

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Types of Discrimination Because of Age 50 or older (among (am ong those who have Experienced or Witnessed) 1 

56%

Encouraged or forced to retire

54%

Not hired for a job

48%

Passed over for a raise or promotion

50%

Laid off, fired, or forced out

48%

Received or exposed to unwelcome comments about age

48%

IN 2013, THE NATIONAL LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE FOR SENIORS (65+) WAS 19.2%, THE HIGHEST RATE SINCE 19643 

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-31 

SEVEN IN TEN ARE CONCERNED ABOUT WORKPLACE AGE AGE DISCRIMINATION VOTERS SAY SAY SUPPORTING OLDER WORKERS SHOULD BE A TOP PRIORITY PRIORIT Y FOR NYC OFFICIALS While most NYC 50+ voters have experience experienced d or witnessed age discrimination in the workplace, even more are worried about it. Seven in ten 50+ voters in NYC are extremely, very, or somewhat concerned about age discrimination at work. Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians are more likely than Whites to be intensely concerne concerned d about age discrimination against older workers. Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Concerned About Age Discrimination1

NYC 50+ Voters: Extremely/Very Concerned about Age Discrimination1 

Voter Data 100%

Extremely 24%      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Not 29%

80% 60%

72%

Very 21%

45%

40%

53%

61% 42%

37%

20%

Somewhat 26%

0%

Tota Totall 50+ 50+ Wh Whit ite e 50+ 50+ Bl Blac ack k5 50+ 0+ Hisp Hispan anic ic 50+ 50+ Asi sian an 50+ 50+

With lagging retirement readiness, most 50+ need to remain in the workforce to stay self sufficient and maintain their quality of life. The need to continue working combined with observations of, or experien experience ce with, perceived age discrimination has resulted in heightened concerns. A majority of 50+ NYC voters say it should be a priority for NYC elected officials to work on laws, regulations and policies that support older workers. NYC 50+ Voters: How much of a pri priority ority should it be for New York City elected officials to support older workers?1 50%

Voter Data

47%

40%

25%

30%

20%

20% 10%

3%

3%

Low Priority

Not a Priority

0%

Top Priority

48%

High Priority

Medium Priority

NYC 50+ VOTERS WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED OR WITNESSED 50+ AGE DISCRIMINATION IN THE WORKPLACE  1

-32 

MANY 50+ WORKERS ARE ALSO FAMILY CAREGIVERS TO ADULT ADUL T LOVED ONES O NES CAREGIVING DEMANDS INTERRUPT WORK CONTINUITY FOR 50+ In addition to age discrimination, another challenge for many older workers is balancing work with family caregiving responsibilities. The “average” caregiver is a woman in her early 50’s who 9

works outside the home and provides unpaid care to their parent.   In orde orderr to juggle car caregiving egiving responsibilities with work, employed caregiver responsibilities caregivers s often experience strain on their work life. Nationally, nearly seven in ten (68%) caregivers report making work accommodations because of caregiving, including arriving late/leaving late/leaving early or taking time off, cutting back on work hours, changing jobs, or stopping work entirely.9  Caregivers who leave or cut back on work give up not only foregone earnings and Social Security Caregivers benefits, but they also can lose job security, career mobility, and employment benefits benefits such as health insurance and retirement savings potent potentially ially making them more likely to rely on 9 public assistance themselves in old age.   In NYC, nearly half (47%) of 50-64 year old working voters are caregivers or have been a thirds (66%) report “a good caregiver in the past five levels years.ofAmong working twodeal” to “overwhelming” strain on their caregivers, quality of life from their caregiving

responsibilities, including including financial hardship, emoti emotional onal stress and stress at work. Finally, one in six working NYC caregivers have felt treated unfairly by employers or in their workplace because of their caregiving responsibilit responsibilities. ies.1 

 

Voter Data

47%

Of 50-64 year old workers in NYC are family caregivers

66%

Of all working caregivers feel a “good deal” to “overwhelming”

15%

Of all working caregivers have felt treated unfairly at work due   to caregiving responsibilities

strain on their quality of life

 

51% OF NYC’S 50+ FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF ADULT LOVED

ONES ARE IN THE LABOR FORCE: 41% CURRENT CURRENTL LY WORKING WORKING AND 10% LOOKING FOR WORK 1

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-33 

FLEXIBLE WORKPLACE POLICIES ALLOW CAREGIVERS TO CONTINUE WORKING CAREGIVING PROTECTIONS AND LEAVE POLICIES STABILIZE THE WORKFORCE, WORKF ORCE, BENEFIT EMPLO EMPLOYEES YEES AND THEIR FAMILIES In its research on paid sick leave in NYC, the Community Service Service Society (CSS) found that half of all NYC workers had no sick leave in 2011, and seven out of ten working poor did not have a single paid sick day. In its report “Still Sick in the City”, the CSS stated the lack of paid sick time

was especially high in occupations that most commonly employ 50-64 workers, and in particular multicultural workers, workers, such as education, health, social services and food services.10 The Earned Sick Time Act passed into law by the New York City Council in June 2013 directly benefited 50-64 year old workers by giving them more time to care for themselves and their loved ones.      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Workplace policies must adapt to the needs of workers in order to build a stable workforce. It will be important to continue policy changes like the Earned Sick Time Act that ensure protections for caregiving and promote flexible policies to accommodate the needs of an increasingly older workforce. Regardless of whether or not they are currently caregivers themselves, nearly all 50+ NYC voters indicate that strengthening strengthening laws and regulations to support family caregivers should be a priority for NYC elected officials.  Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Priority for NYC elected officials to strengthen laws and regulations and to fund services that support family caregivers?1 50%

50% 40%

29%

30%

16%

20% 10%

1%

2%

0%

Top Priority

High Priority

PRIOR TO NYC’S EARNED SICK TIME ACT, HALF OF ALL NYC WORKERS HAD NO PAID SICK LEAVE10

Medium Priority

Low Priority

Not a Priority

Percent of NYC Workers Without Paid Sick Leave Prior to the Earned Sick Time Act (2011) 10 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0%

50%

56%

Total Workers

Food Handlers

43%

Work Closely with

Children or Elderly

-34 

Section 3: Jobs & Work References http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus   1. AARP P Public ublic Opini Opinion on Survey of NYC Regist Registered ered V Voters oters age 50 and old older. er. June 201 2013. 3. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus 2. NY Local Area Unemployment Rates, June 2013. NY State Department of Labor. Press release with link to the report available at http://www.labor.ny.gov/pressreleases/2013/july-23-2013.shtm http://www.labor.ny.gov/pressreleases/2013/july-23-2013.shtm   3. The Job M Market arket ha has s a Senior Mom Moment ent by Ben St Steverma everman, n, June, 2 2013. 013. Avail Available able at http://www.bloomberg.com/news/201306-21/the-job-market-has-a-senior-moment.html 4. U.S. Cen Census sus Bureau Bureau,, America American n Communit Communityy Survey, P PUMS UMS 2009-201 2009-2011. 1. Prepared by AA AARP RP Resea Research. rch. 5. Are New Yorke Yorkers rs Ready for Ret Retirement irement? ? Trends in Plan Sponso Sponsorship, rship, P Partici articipatio pation, n, and Preparedn Preparedness. ess. New Yor York k City http://comptrollernyc.com/rsnyc/reports.asp?f=4  Comptroller’s Office, Budget & Policy Bureau. Available at http://comptrollernyc.com/rsnyc/reports.asp?f=4  6. Pew: Older Workers Don’t Crowd Out Younger Workers For Jobs. [web log]. September 2013. Available at http://blog.aarp.org/2012/09/13/pew-older-workers-dont-crowd-out-younger-workers-fo 2012/09/13/pew-older-workers-dont-crowd-out-younger-workers-for-jobs/?intcmp=AE-BLIL-BL r-jobs/?intcmp=AE-BLIL-BL.. http://blog.aarp.org/ 7. Burea Bureau u of Labor Sta Statistic tistics. s. Spotlig Spotlight ht on Statist Statistics: ics: Older Wo Workers. rkers. Ju June ne 2008. Availa Available ble at http://www.bls.gov/spotlight/2008/older_workers/data.htm#chart_01  http://www.bls.gov/spotlight/2008/older_workers/data.htm#chart_01  8. U.S. Equa Equall Employment O Opportu pportunity nity Commi Commission. ssion. Ty Types pes of Discrim Discriminatio ination. n. Availabl Available e at http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/age.cfm.. http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/age.cfm 9. Valuing Valuing the Invalu Invaluable: able: 2011 Update. The Growing Growing Contributio Contributions ns and Cost Costs s of Family Ca Caregivin regiving.. g.. The AARP Public Policy

Institute. 2011. Available at http://www.aarp.org/relationships/caregiving/info-07-2011/valuing-the-invaluable.html  http://www.aarp.org/relationships/caregiving/info-07-2011/valuing-the-invaluable.html  10. Still Sick in the City, What the Lack of Paid Leave Means for Working New Yorkers. Community Service Society, January 2012.

Available at http://www.cssny.org/publications/entry/still-sick-in-the-cityJanuary2012 http://www.cssny.org/publications/entry/still-sick-in-the-cityJanuary2012  

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-35 

IV. ECONOMIC SECURITY • •













Buying Power Fraud & Identity Theft Affordable Housing Retirement Readiness Household Income Sources of Income Poverty Food Insecurity

-36 

50+ NYC RESIDENT CONSUMER EXPENDITURE SURPASSED SURP ASSED $70 BILLION IN 20112 MULTICULTURAL BUYING POWER IS GROWING RAPIDLY Buying power or purchasing power is the amount of money available to purchase products. Buying power is a marketplace driver because knowing the buying power of a consumer group can influence product and service offerings in the marketplace. marketplace. Change in NY Buying Power by Race/Ethnicity1  150%

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian

   e    t 100%    a    R    h    t

  w    o    r 50%    G

0%

1990-2000

2000-2010

2010-2018

The Selig Center for Economic Growth estimates that New York State’s total

buying power will rise from $800 billion in 2010 to $1.1 trillion for 2018. Percentage-wise, from 2000-2018, NY state total buying power is expected to rise by 34 percent and researchers predict that the buying power and economic clout of non-White populations will continue to increase at a faster rate than that of Whites.1 

In a separate analysis of 2011 consumer spending from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, AARP’S Public Policy Institute estimated that the total expenditure of consumer units residing in New  York City was was $142 billion. About half of tthat hat spend or $7 $70.1 0.1 billion was fr from om New Y Yorkers orkers age 50 and older. Almost 40% of all 50+ consumer expenditur expenditure e is represent represented ed by African 2 American, Hispanic and Asian New Yorkers combined.

ESTIMATED CONSUMER EXPENDITURE OF 50+ NEW YORKERS2

$43.6B 50+ NYC White

$12.7B

$11.5B

$2.9B

50+ NYC African American

50+ NYC Hispanic

50+ NYC Asian/ Other

MULTICUL TICULTURAL TURAL CONSUMERS REPRESENT 40% OF ALL 50+ MUL CONSUMER EXPENDITURE IN NYC2

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-37 

FRAUD IS COMMONLY EXPERIENCED BY NYC 50+ ONE IN THREE NYC 50+ VOTERS HAVE ENCOUNTERED A SCAM OR FRAUD Identity theft and fraud are “terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.”3  Identify theft involves taking another’s identity to conduct a crime. Fraud involves using someone’s personal information to create a false identity. According to the

Federal Trade Commission, the top types of reported identify theft and fraud are: governme government nt documents or benefits, credit card, phone or utilities, bank, employment, employment, loan, and others s such uch as  3 law enforcement evasion.   In 2012, there were 73,826 reported complaints of fraud in the New York Metropolitan area corresponding to 390 out of 100,000 people. Additionally, there were 23,297 reported complaints of identify theft equivalent to 123 per 100,000 people.  4       4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Identity theft, fraud, and scams go hand in hand. In a 2013 AARP poll of NYC voters 50+, over one-third of respondents said either themselves or someone they

Voter Data

Encountered a "scam" in Past Five Years5 No Yes, both myself and someone I know Yes, someone I know Yes, myself 

fraudunder or a “scam” know in the has pastencountered five years. Those age 65 are just as likely to have encounter encountered ed fraud or a scam as those over age 65. 57%

62%

Due to confusion, embarrassmen embarrassment, t, emotional harm or perceived minimal financial loss, many financial scams go unreported. unreporte d. Of 50-64 year olds that have experienced experience d fraud or a scam, nearly seven in 10 have reported this fraud to someone. Comparatively, only 57 percent of the 65+ that reported experiencing fraud actually reported it.5

RATE OF REPORTING FRAUD AMONG 50+ VICTIMS IN NYC5 

14%

4% 10%

17%

18%

17%

Total 50+

Under 65

65+

69%

TOTAL 50

5

8%

6% 12%

Voter Data

64%

THE MAJORITY OF NYC VOTERS 50+ SAY PROTECTING CONSUMERS FROM UNF UNFAIR/DECEPTIVE AIR/DECEPTIVE PRACTICES SHOULD BE A

66%

Survey Question: To your knowledge, was this incident reported to anyone?

57% 65

50-64

Top pri prio orit rity

High pr priority

100%

28%

32%

53%

45%

Total 50+

White 50+

50%

28%

22%

60%

63%

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+

21% 44%

0%

Asian 50+

TOP OR HIGH PRIORITY  -38 

IDENTITY THEFT IS A MAJOR WORRY OF NYC 50+ VOTERS IDENTIT Y THEFT IS THE TOP FRAUD-RELATED IDENTITY FRAUD-RELATED WORRY WORRY AMONG ALL RACES AND ETHNICITIES Identity theft is the nation’s fastest growing crime. 6  One reason identity the theft ft is so ubiquitous is

that it can occur through high-tech or low-tech means. Victims can ca n be scammed online through the use of technology that steals financial and personal information. Victims Victims can also be scammed offline through the loss of a wallet or through personal personal documents discarded discarded in the trash. In NYC, over one-third of 50+ voters say either they or someone they know have encountered fraud or a “scam” in the past five years and an overwhelming three-fourths are extremely or very worried about being a victim of identity theft. 5  A multicultural comparison of the types of fraud, unfair, or deceptive practices that are most worrisome reveals that identity theft is the top fraud-related worry for all race/ethnicitie race/ethnicities s and by a fairly wide margin. Hispanics generally present more intense worry than other groups, followed by African Americans. Voter Data

Extremely/Very Worried About Fraudulent, Unfair or Deceptive D eceptive Practices: Multicultural Comparison for NYC’s 50+ 5 Total 50+

White 50+

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+ Asian 50+

Identity theft

75%  75% 

69%   69%

78%  78% 

84%  84% 

61%   61%

Debt collection

56%  56% 

47%   47%

60%  60% 

69%  69% 

27%   27%

Home financing and home equity loans

53%  53% 

44%   44%

58%  58% 

64%  64% 

30%   30%

Home repairs and home repair financing  

52%  52% 

44%   44%

55%  55% 

64%  64% 

33%   33%

Internet loans

49% 49%  

41%   41%

54%  54% 

60%  60% 

34%   34%

Check-cashing outlets

46%  46% 

36%  36% 

51%  51% 

64%  64% 

27%  27% 

Sweepstakes

41%   41%

32%   32%

44%  44% 

58%  58% 

27%   27%

Identity theft or credit card fraud has impacted roughly one-fifth to one-fourth of 50+ voters in NYC. Asians are far more likely to cite credit card fraud (33%) than identity theft (14%). Voter Data

Victims of Leading Types of Fraud: Multicultural Comparisons for NYC 50+ 5  50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Identi tity ty the theft

Credit card

19% 22%

18% 21%

22% 22%

21% 25%

Total 50+

White 50+

Black 50+

Hispanic 50+

33% 14%

Asian 50+

NEW YORK STATE RANKS 5TH IN THE NATION WITH IDENTITY THEFT COMPLAINTS REPORTED IN 2012 4

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-39 

LACK OF HOUSING AND INCREASES IN STABLIZED RENT THREATEN THREA TEN ECONOMIC SECURITY FOR 50+ NEW YORKERS NYC’S HOUSING MARKET WILL REQUIRE INNOVA INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO ME MEET ET

THE NEEDS OF ITS IT S GROWING, CHANGING OLDER POPULATION  POPULATION  p roperties and of them, the majority is Two-thirds of New York City’s housing stock is rental properties either rent stabilized, rent controlled or part of other regulated rental programs. Similarly, twothirds of 50+ NYC voters rent their homes, with even larger majorities renting in 3 out of 5 boroughs and among Black and Hispanic resident voters.

NYC Total Housing Owned

   Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

NYC 50+ Voters: Current

Rental

Own 37%

Regulated 41% Rental

2011 Citywide Vacancy

Voter Data

Residence5

Other 2%

27% Unregulated

32%

     4    1    0    2      C

Stock7

Rent 61%

(stabilized or controlled)

Rate8  3.12%

5

Rent and Ownership of Current Residence among 50+ NYC Voters : Age

Borough

Race/Ethnicity

50-64

65+

Bronx

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Queens

Staten Island

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian

Rent

61%

61%

71%

64%

75%

47%

36%

51%

70%

79%

33%

Own

37%

37%

29%

33%

24%

49%

62%

48%

27%

19%

57%

According to the New York City Rent Guidelines Board’s 2013 Housing Supply Report, rental housing

availability remains tight, with a Citywide vacancy rate of just 3.12% in 2011, and overcrowding remains a problem despite recent housing initiatives to help reduce the affordable housing shortage.8  Further, in June 2013 the New York City Rent Guidelines Board voted to raise stabilized rents between and 7.75% 2013. their remarks, board members assert hike was 4% unavoidable in beginning the face ofOctober increasing feesInfor building owners while acknowledging acknowledg ingthat thatthe it would force some rent-stabilized tenants to choose between paying their rent and paying for basic necessities.9 As a percent percentage age of income, rate hikes have a significant implication for older adults who rely on fixed incomes below the city average.10  New and innovative housing ideas are needed to implement a sustainable solution to meet demand and safeguard affordability, particularly for older residents.

WHEN SENIORS MOVE, THEIR NEW HOME CHOICE IS MOST DETERMINED BY FINANCIAL REASONS AND LACK OF AVAILABILITY Main reason

SENIORS (65+) FACE FA CE FORCED HOUSING CHOICES WHEN MOVING:

Financial reasons Only one available Size Room layout/design Kitchen Yards/trees/view

28% 28% 14% 30% 30% 15%

Other reason

Reasons for Moving into Current Home,

30% Versus 2% of all recent NYC

NYC Residents Aged 65+ who moved in past

Quality of construction

movers.

15% -40-

year11

 

CONCERN ABOUT BEING ABLE TO AFFORD HOUSING IN THE FUTURE RUNS HIGH AMONG 50+ VOTERS JUST HALF OF 50+ PLAN TO ST STA AY IN THE CITY  CIT Y   Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: In the coming years, how   concerned are you about being able to pay for 5 ... (% Extremely/Very Concerned)

57%

Rent Property taxes

48%

Utility bills

48%

Note: Rent among renters only. Property taxes among owners only. Utility bills among all.

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: How important is it it to be able to stay in your current home or community as long as you like as you age?5

Very Important 25%

Despite ongoing efforts to alleviate the affordable housing shortageanxiety in NYC,with the issue continues to provoke 50+ voters. Large proportions of renters and owners alike are highly hi ghly concerned about being able to afford the cost of living in NYC as they age. 50+ voters nearly unanimously agree that aging in one’s current home or

community is important, yet there is a 50/50 split in the number who plan to stay in NYC and those who are at least somewhat likely to leave the City as they age.

90

65% Extremely

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

Important

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Likelihood to Leave NYC in Future5 Extremely/

22% Very Likely Not Likely

54% 19%

Somewhat Likely

CONCERN ABOUT FUTURE UTILITY UTILIT Y COSTS MAY BE RESUL RESULT T OF RISING BILLS AND NOT ENOUGH OBSERVED REFORM REFORM NYC 50+ Voters: Electric Bill Costs Over the Past 2 Years12  63% 23%

Stayed

Gone

Gone up

NYC 50+ Voters: Are Elected Officials Doing Enough to Lower Cost of Electricity Bill?12 No

10%

3%

No

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

No 73%

answer 13% Yes

same

down

answer

14%

-41 

TRADITIONAL RETIREMENT IS AN ILLUSION FOR MANY 50+ NEW YORKERS MANY 50+ CAN’T AFFORD TO RETIRE  A 2012 report on retirement readiness published by the NYC Comptroller’s office stated that

more than one-third of NYC households in which the head is near retireme retirement nt age (55-64 years old) have liquid assets of less than $10,000. $10,000. It concluded that this cohort of NY NYC C Boomers will either have to subsist almost entirely on Social Security income or will not be able to retire at all.13 This acute lack of preparedn preparedness ess for retirement is reflected in 50+ voters’

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Voter Data

own feelings about their ability to retire. As discussed in Section 3 of this report, only half of 50+ voters in the labor force have strong confidence that they will ever be able to retire.

NYC 50+ Voters in Labor Force: How confident you will be able to retire?5 Don’t know

Not at all 13%

5% Extremely 26%

Not too 10%

Furthermore, confidence in “living Somewhat 21%

comfortably” in retirement is an even

dimmer possibility suggesting that New  Yorkers expect to tr trade ade down on their standard of living in order to afford retirement. In a 2012 AARP poll of 50+ NYC voters, only 16% expressed strong positive confidence in having enough money to live comfortably throughout their retirement years while a large majority – 84% – were either “somewhat confident”, “not very confident” or “not at all confident” that they would have

Voter Data

Very 25%

NYC 50+ Voters: Confidence Have Enough Money to Live Comfortably in Retirement12 Somewhat confident 39%

Not very confident 27%

Very

12

confident 13%

enough money to do so. Not at all confident 18%

Extremely confident 3%

IN 2009, 49% OF NYC WORKERS AGE 55-64 (“NEAR RETIREMENT AGE”) WERE NOT OFFERED AN EMPLO EMP LOYER-SPONSORED YER-SPONSORED RETIREMENT PLAN13

-42 

MIDDLE CLASS BOOMERS WHO CAN RETIRE, PLAN TO LEAVE NYC SIX IN TEN WORKING BOOMERS CONFIDENT ABOUT RETIREMENT ARE LIKELY TO LEAVE NYC In addition to the large portion of NYC Boomers who will not be able to retire, more than one in three of those who are most confident they will retire are extremely to very likely to leave NYC in retirement. 5 Moreover, there are differences differences by social class on this question. Pre-retireme Pre-retirement nt 50-64 year olds who self-identify as upper class are least likely to leave NYC in the future compared to their middle and lower class counterparts (53% not likely vs. 39% and a nd 36%, respective respectively.) ly.) The implication is that the upper upper class can afford to stay; the middle class cannot. For the lower class it may be more difficult to afford leaving even if the desire is there. If left unchecked, these two dynamics – Boomer retirement flight and plight - can have a compound impact on the City as it prepares for an aging Baby Boomer population, resulting in a loss of future revenue from middle class retirees with retirement resources and leaving those who remain in more polarized social classes.

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Likelihood to Leave NYC in the Future 5 100% 80% 60%

23%

29%

42%

35%

64%

53%

19% 24%

29%

Extremely/ Very Likely Somewhat Likely

40%

Not likely

54% 20%

43%

34%

50-64

50-64 Working   & Confident Will Retire

0%

Total 50+

42% OF ALL 50+ VOTERS AND 53% OF BOOMER VOTERS CONSIDER LEAVING NYC ONCE THEY RETIRE AND AS THEY AGE 5

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-43 

MORE NYC SENIORS RELY S OCIAL SECURITY SECURIT Y BENEFITS RELY ON SOCIAL THAN ANY OTHER SOURCE OF INCOME ONLY ONL Y ONE-FOURTH OF 65+ RECEIVE OTHER RETIREMENT INCOME Currently, Social Security benefits comprise a large portion of the aggregate household income Currently, for Seniors (65+). By age 65, only 14% of all NYC Se Seniors niors (65+) earn wages or salary from work and just about one-fourth have retirement income such as pensions or employersponsored plans. In contrast, three-fourths of NYC Seniors Seniors receive Social Security benefits. benefits.14 Overall, White Seniors (65+) have more diversified sources of income, with retirement income and investment investment income each available for one-t one-third. hird. Whites are also most likely tto o receive Social Security benefits at 83%. Black Seniors are as likely as Whites to have retireme retirement nt income but lag in investmen investmentt resources. Comparatively fewer Hispanics and Asians have other sources of income and they are more likely to receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI). 14       4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

NYC 65+ Sources of Income 14 Wages or salary

Social Security

Retirement Income

Interest, dividends, net rental

SSI

100% 80%

83%

77%

76%

72% 63%

60% 40% 20%

14%

28% 20% 11%

33%

33% 33% 16%

15% 8%

20% 10% 8%

11%

19%

7%

13%

15% 16% 13%

%

Total 65+

White 65+

Black 65+

Hispanic 65+

Asian 65+

IN 2012, THE AVERAGE AVERAGE YEARLY YEARLY SOCIAL SECURITY SECURIT Y BENEFIT FOR A NEW YORK STATE RECIPIENT AGE 65 AND OLDER WAS $15,580. 15

Number of SSI Recipients Age 65+ by Borough 14

BROOKLYN HAS THE LARGEST NUMBER OF 65+ SSI RECIPIENTS AMONG THE BOROUGHS 

67,792 33,481

(in thousands) 35,655

40,409 5,088

Bronx

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Queens

Staten Island

-44 

NYC BOOMER AND SENIOR HOUSEHOLDS HAVE DIVERGENT INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS THE LARGEST DISPARITY IN HOUSEHOLD H OUSEHOLD INCOME IS OBSERVED FOR HISPANIC SENIORS According to the US Census Bureau, range of household income for NYC’s

50+ population is rather evenly distributed with roughly one-fourth each under $25,000, between $25,000 and $50,000, between $50,000 and $100,000 and $100,000 or more.14  An examination of incomes by age shows Boomer households (age 5064) are more likely to skew toward the high end of the income range with 30% in six-figure households ($100K or more). Senior (65+) household incomes predictably skew lower as they tend to have more retirees among them. Senior household income distribution is almost the reverse of their 50-64 year old counterparts – 34% live in households earning less than $25K per year.

NYC 50+ Household Income by Age Cohort14 < $25K

50%

$25K < $50K

40%

29% 30%

30%

$50K < $100K

$100K +

34% 22% 21%

19% 20%

17%

20% 10% %

Age 50-64

Age 65+

NYC 50-64 Household Income14 < $25K

60%

$25K < $50K

$50K < $100K

$100K +

43% 40%

28% 20%

15% 13%

30% 22% 24% 20%

28% 28% 24% 18%

31% 21% 27% 19%

%

The pattern of comparatively lower incomes among Senior-led households is consistent across all race/ethnicity groups. The greatest contrast in household income distribution is observed between White Boomer (50-64) households where 43% earn $100K or more per year, and Hispanic Senior (65+) households with 45% under $25,000 per year. year. Senior house household hold incom income e distributions for White, Black and Asian populations are more comparable to each other.

Whit Wh ite e 50 50--64

Bl Blac ack k 500-6 64 Hi Hisp span aniic 500-6 64 As Asiian 50-6 -64 4 NYC 65+ Household Income14 

< $25K

$25K < $50K

$50K < $100K

$100K +

60%

45% 40%

33%

31% 22% 21% 21%

20%

34%

22% 23% 14%

23% 18% 9%

20%23%19%

%

White 65+

Black 65+

Hispanic 65+

Asian 65+

NYC 50+ Household Income14 50%

< $25K

$25K < $50K

$50K < $100K

$100K +

40% 30% 20% 10% %

NYC 5 50+ 0+ Bro ron nx 5 50 0+ Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

Staten Is

BRONX AND BROOKLYN BOROUGHS HAVE THE LARGEST PROPORTION OF 50+ HOUSEHOLDS UNDER $25K 

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

50+

50+

50+

50+

-45 

MANY NYC SENIOR HOUSEHOLDS ARE LIVING IN POVERTY HISPANIC AND ASIAN SENIORS ARE MOST AT RISK In response to the need for a more geographic-specific measure measure of poverty for NYC, the NYC Center for Economic Opportunity (CEO) has created an alternative to the official Federal poverty threshold which does not take into account different requirements requirements across the nation to maintain the same standard of living. The CEO’s NYC -specific poverty threshold is substantially higher than the official Federal poverty threshold for all household types and so is iits ts estimation of the percent of residents living beneath that threshold. In 2011, the CEO poverty threshold for a NYC household of four (two adult, two children) was $30,945 compared to the official threshold of $22,811 or $15,785 for a senior (65+) household.16,17 (Unlike the official Federal measure of poverty, the CEO threshold is not adjusted for householders age 65+.17) By its measure, the CEO e estimated stimated in 20 2011 11 that 21.3% of all NYC households and 22.4% of senior households (age 65+) were in poverty compared to the official measure of 19.3% and 17.5%, respectively respectively..      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

An examination of CEO poverty rates by age and race reveals that Hispanics and Asians are most at risk of living in poverty in NYC. For Hispanic Seniors (65+), the rate of poverty approaches one in three and is a full seven percentage points higher than the rate among Hispanic adults of traditional “working age”(age 18-64).

In the boroughs, Seniors (65+) in Brooklyn and the Bronx report the highest poverty rate, while Manhattan has the lowest l owest poverty rate.17  As seen in Chapter 3, rates of Medicaid enrollment are highest in the Bronx and mimic the rate of poverty.

NYC Poverty Rate by Borough, 2011 17  50%

18-64

65+

40% 30% 20%

22% 20%

19% 14%

20% 20%

30% 23%

White

Black

Hispanic

28% 26%

Asian

10% 0%

NYC

50%

NYC Senior (65+) Poverty Rate by Borough*, 201117 

40% 30%

22%

25%

26%

23% 18%

20% 10% 0%

NYC

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

*Staten Island data not available.

POVERTY  Y 17 ONE IN FIVE 65+ NYC HOUSEHOLDS LIVE IN POVERT

-46 

ALTHOUGH DOWN FROM POST RECESSION HIGHS, FOOD INSECURITY REMAINS AN ISSUE FOR NYC 50+ BETWEEN 2009 AND 2011, 11 PERCENT OF THE SENIOR POPULATION WERE FOOD INSECURE18  Although New York City saw a decrease in the overall difficulty to afford food after stimulus funding and relief measures measures were in effect (from 40% in 2009 down to 32% in 2012) , a sizeable portion of the older population in NYC continues to encounter a problem with hunger.19  Over one-third (35%) of the 50-64 age group had trouble affording food in 2012 and expressed likelihood to pay for other expenses over food.19 When compared to nearly a decade prior, this age group has seen a 40 percent growth in their inability to afford food (25% difficulty in 2 2003). 003). Moreover, among the 6 65+, 5+, there was an increase from 2011 to 2012 in the percent of residents who say they must decide whether or not to pay for medicine or medical care instead of food (11% to 16%).19 

NYC Residents: Difficulty Affording Food by Age19 100%

2003

2008

2012

80%

49%

60% 40%

47% 35%

25%

28%

23%

20% %

Age 50-64

Age 65+

NYC 50+ SNAP Recipients by Age and Borough14 Age 50-64

50% 40% 30% 20%

31% 18% 23%

29%

28% 20%

Age 65+

18% 21%

18% 13%

10%

8%10%

%

NYC

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

Staten Is

One resource intended to combat the hunger problem and lift residents out of poverty in New York City is the national governm governmental ental program known as SNAP (Supplemental (Supplemen tal Nutrition Assistance Program, formerly known as Food Stamps).

According to data reported in the American Community Survey, the proportion of 50+ New  Yorkers receiving receiving SNAP ben benefits efits cityw citywide ide from 20 2009-2011 09-2011 was far lower than tthe he proportion who had difficulty affording food. Various enrollment barrie barriers rs keep eligible residents from receiving receiving SNAP benefits, benefits, particularly among Seniors (65+ (65+). ). Barriers include: the belief they they will only get the minimum benefit; unawareness of eligibility; stigma or embarrassme embarrassment; nt; and an overwhelming   enrollment process. Cultural and language barriers also prevent many Hispanic and Asian seniors from accessing benefits.20 Across NYC boroughs, most community districts have SNAP underenrollment for 60+ 60+ residents of 45% or more and as high as 91%. This amounts to thousands of NYC 60+ residents who are eligible for SNAP but not-enrolled. 21 

RESIDENTS 60+ EXPERIENCI EXPERIENCING NG HUNGER 18  

(2009-2011) * Bronx

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Queens

21%

11%

10%

8%

45,671

53,506

27,486

35,334

FOOD INSECURITY OR “HUNGER” OCCURS WHEN FOOD INTAKE INTAKE IS REDUCED AND EATING PATTERNS DISRUPTED BECAUSE THE HOUSEHOLD LACKS MONEY AND

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

RESOURCES FOR FOOD

*Staten Island data was not available for 60+

-47-

ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA

 

Section 4: Economic Security Threat References 1.

Th The e Mult Multic icul ultu tura rall Econ Econom omy, y, 20 2013 13.. Selig Center for Economic Growth, Terry College of Business, The University of

http://www.selig.uga.edu   Georgia, June 2013. http://www.selig.uga.edu 2.

U.S. B Bureau ureau o off Labor Stati Statistics. stics. Co Consumer nsumer Expend Expenditure iture Survey 2 2011 011 (Inter (Interview view an and d Diary Diary). ). Integr Integrated ated survey e expendi xpenditure ture tables by PSU and age of the CU reference person prepared by AARP Public Policy Institute.

3.

US De Depa part rtme ment nt of Just Justic ice. e. http://www.justice.gov/criminal/fraud/websites/idtheft.html http://www.justice.gov/criminal/fraud/websites/idtheft.html  

4.

Consum Consumer er Sen Sentin tinel el Networ Network k Data Data Book for for Janu January ary-- Decembe Decemberr 2012. 2012. Federal Trade Commission. Available at

http://www.ftc.gov/sentinel/reports/sentinel-annual-reports/sentinel-cy2012.pdf  

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

5.

http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus   AARP Public Opinio Opinion n Surv Survey ey of NYC Register Registered ed Voters age 50 and older, June 2 2013. 013. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus

6.

New York County District Attorney’s Office. http://manhattanda.org/resources-victims-identity-theftcybercrime 

7.

U.S U.S.. Cen Census sus Bu Burea reau, u, 201 2011 1 New Yor York k Cit Cityy Hous Housing ing a and nd Va Vacan cancy cy Sur Survey vey..   http://www.census.gov/housing/nychvs/data/2011/nychvs11.html   http://www.census.gov/housing/nychvs/data/2011/nychvs11.html

8.

New Y York ork C City ity Re Rent nt Gu Guidelin idelines es Boar Board, d, 2 2013 013 Housing Housing Su Supply pply R Report, eport, May 30, 2013. Avail Available able at http://www.housingnyc.com/downloads/research/pdf_reports/13HSR.pdf  

9.

New New Yo York rk C Cit ityy Re Rent nt G Gui uide deli line nes s Bo Boar ard. d. http://www.nycrgb.org/html/guidelines/orders/order45.html. Accessed Oct. 25, 2013. NBC New York news article covering June 20, 2013 board meeting approving rate hike: http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/NYC-Rent-Stabilized-Apartments-Hike-Approved-Rent-Guidelines-Board212402621.html.. Accessed October 25, 2013. 212402621.html

10. Toward an Ag Age-Frien e-Friendly dly New York York City: City: A Findings Findings Report Report . New York Academy of Medicine. Fall 2008. Available at

http://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/aids/conferences/docs/nyam_age_friendly_report.pdf   11. U.S. C Census ensus Bur Bureau, eau, Am America erican n Housin Housing g Survey Survey,, New Yo York rk City City,, 2009. Avail Available able at http://www.census.gov/housing/ahs/data/newyork.html   http://www.census.gov/housing/ahs/data/newyork.html 12. AARP N NY Y Legisl Legislative ative IIssue ssue Surv Survey ey of 50 50+ + Registe Registered red Vo Voters ters iin n NYC, December December 20 2012. 12. 13. Are New Yorkers Ready Ready for Retirem Retirement? ent? Trends Trends in Plan Sponsorship, Sponsorship, Participation, Participation, and Pre Preparedne paredness ss . New York City http://comptrollernyc.com/rsnyc/reports.asp?f=4  Comptroller’s Office, Budget & Policy Bureau. Available at http://comptrollernyc.com/rsnyc/reports.asp?f=4 

14. U.S. Census Bureau Bureau.. Americ American an Comm Community unity Survey Survey,, PUM PUMS S 2009-2 2009-2011. 011. Prepa Prepared red b byy AARP Resea Research rch 15. OASDI Nu Number mber an and d Total Month Monthly ly Benefits fo forr Benefici Beneficiaries aries,, age 65 or older, 2013: 2013: http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/statcomps/supplement/2013/5j.html#table5.j3  http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/13poverty.cfm   16. U.S Depart Department ment of H Health ealth and Hu Human man S Service ervices s http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/13poverty.cfm 17. New York Cit Cityy Center for Eco Economic nomic Opp Opportuni ortunity. ty. CEO Po Poverty verty Mea Measure, sure, 200 2005 5 – 2011. http://www.nyc.gov/html/ceo/html/poverty/lookup.shtml http://www.nyc.gov/html/ceo/html/poverty/lookup.shtml.. See Appendix B for details details on the methodology for deriving a poverty measure for NYC. http://www.nyc.gov/html/ceo/downloads/pdf/ceo_poverty_measure_2005_2011.pdf   18. The Perpetual Perpetual Storm: Storm: Hu Hunger nger Before Before and and After Hurricane Hurricane Sandy. Sandy. New York City Coalition Against Hunger. Available at

http://www.nyccah.org/files/NYCCAH_2012hungerreport.pdf   19. NYC Hunger Hunger Experien Experience ce 2012: 2012: One City, City, Two Reali Realities. ties. Food Bank for New York City.

http://www.foodbanknyc.org/files/dmfile/NYCHungerExperience2012_FINAL2.PDF   http://www.foodbanknyc.org/files/dmfile/NYCHungerExperience2012_FINAL2.PDF 20. Senior Seniors s and SNAP/ SNAP/Food Food Sta Stamps. mps. Food R Resear esearch ch and Action Cen Center. ter. Av Availab ailable le at http://frac.org/initiatives/addressingsenior-hunger/seniornm s-and-snapfood-stamps/ Accessed s-and-snapfood-stamps/ Accessed on July 31, 2013. 21. Preventing Preventing Hunger Hunger Among the the Elderly: Elderly: Under Enr Enrollmen ollmentt of SNAP by Older New Yorkers Yorkers.. Council of Senior Centers &

Services of NYC, Inc. Available at http://cscs-ny.org/files/SNAP_Benefit_Older_Adults.pdf  

-48 

V. HEALTHCARE •





Insurance Coverage Long-term Care Caregiving

-49 

MOST NYC 50+ HAVE SOME TYPE OF HEALTH INSURANCE AND MANY RELY ON GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS  PROGRAMS  HOWEVER, LARGER COVERAGE COVERAGE GAPS PERSIST AMONG NON-WHITE 50-64 Overall, about nine in ten New Yorkers ages 50 and older have some type of health insurance. 1  The one in ten 50+ who lack coverage tend to be from the 50 to 64 age cohort, below the common Medicare eligibility eligibility age of 65. Looking deepe deeperr into racial and ethnic segments re reveals veals comparatively higher levels of the uninsured among non-White adults. NYC 50+ Healthcare Coverage1 No he health iin nsurance

Medicaid

Medicare 94%

100%

42% 26%

40% 20%      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

13%

9%

31%

23% 7%

2%

Medicaid is also important to a significant number of low-income older New Yorkers in both the 50-64 and 65+ age cohorts and in fact, Seniors (65+) are more likely to receive Medicaid benefits benefits (31%) than their 50-64 year old counterparts (23%) because 65+ are considered eligible.

0%

Total 50+

50-64

65+

1

NYC 50-64 Healthcare Coverage No health insurance

Medicaid

50%

36%

40% 30% 20%

24%

23% 13%

8%

10%

12%

13%

18%

30% 20%

0%

Total 50-64

White

Black

Hispanic

the City’s 50+. The vast majority (94%) of the City’s Seniors (65+) receive Medicare.

This level of Medicare coverage is consistent across all racial and ethnic segments.

80% 60%

Government programs are significant providers of health care insurance among

Asian

Within the 50-64 age group, a substantial proportion of Hispanics and Asians rely on Medicaid for healthcare coverage (36% and 30% respectively) respectively).. These two groups are also most likely to lack any insurance about 20% each versus 13% among Blacks and 8% among Whites.

NYC 65+ Medicaid Coverage1 49% 50% 40%

32%

31%

30%

44%

20%

10% 0%

20%

White

Black

for NYC’s 65+ (in addition to Medicare) and

especially for multicultural seniors. Nearly half (49%) of Hispanic seniors, 44% of Asian seniors and 32% of Black seniors participate in Medicaid, which is a stateand federally–funded program.

20%

Total 65+

As mentioned above, is coverage a significant provider ofMedicaid healthcare

Hispanic

Asian

OF NYC ASIANS 50-64 YEARS OLD LACK HEALTH INSURANCE - HIGHER THAN ANY OTHER OTHER RACIAL RACIAL OR ETHNIC GROUP

Note: All data and discussion of healthcare coverage in this report is prior to the full implementation of the Affordable Care Act.

-50 

THE BRONX HAS THE MOST 50+ MEDICAID PARTICIPANTS UNINSURED ADULTS ADULTS ARE MORE COMMON IN QUEENS

Differences in health coverage across the boroughs are similar to observation observations s by race and ethnicity, reflecting the population concentration concentrations. s. The Bronx is the most diverse of the five boroughs, with a 50+ population that is 44% Hispanic, 31% Black and  just 19% White - the lowest Whit White e representation in the City. Here, 37% of 50+ adults receive healthcare coverage via Medicaid, more than any other borough. borough. By age, this this translat translates es into 34% of 50-64 year olds in the Bronx and four in ten seniors receiving Medicaid healthcare. The larger representation of Asian and foreign-born residents in Queens may account for slightly higher levels of uninsured adults compared to other boroughs. boroughs. Eleven pe percent rcent of all 50+ and 16% of 50-64 year olds in Queens are without insurance.

NYC 50+ Medicaid Coverage by Borough1 No health insurance 50% 40%

42% 37%

20%

42% 30%

30%

9%

Medicaid

9%

42%

45%

22% 11%

14% 4%

0%

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan

Queens

Staten Is

NYC 50-64 Healthcare Coverage by Borough1 No health insurance 50% 40%

34% 25%

30% 20%

14%

13%

21% 11%

16%19%

12% 5%

0%

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

Staten Is Is

NYC 65+ Medicaid Coverage1 50%

41%

40%

38% 27%

30%

26% 17%

20% 10% 0%

Bronx

Brooklyn Manhattan Queens

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

Medicaid

10%

Variation in Medicaid coverage may be partly explained by eligibility criteria set at the federal -and state level, including household type, income and citizenship status. For instance, 50+ household income skews lower in the Bronx compared to other boroughs, with 33% reportin reporting g less than $25,000 per year. (See Chapter 4 for more details on 50+ household income data.)

41%

24% 7%

10%

Medicare

Staten Is

ACROSS THE BOROUGHS, LEVELS OF MEDICAID PARTICIPATION AMONG 50+ ADULTS RANGE FROM A HIGH OF 37% (THE BRONX) TO A LOW OF 14% (STATEN ISLAND)

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-51 

50+ VOTER WORRY ABOUT HEALTHCARE AFFORDABILITY SURPASSES SURP ASSES ACCESS OR QUALITY CONCERNS VOTERS LACK LACK CONFIDENCE ABOUT FUTURE COSTS Affordability of healthcare, and more specifically the uncertainty around future healthcare costs, is a very worrisome concern for many 50+ voters. The unknown effect of the Affordable Care Care Act may account for part of the uncertainty on the part of voters because there is still much to be learned with regard to containing costs and providing affordable options options for families. Thus, the total

measure of the law’s impact won’t be known until it is fully implemented.

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Only one-fifth (22%) of 50+ voters are very to extremely confident they can maintain their current coverage at an acceptable cost over the next 5 years. The large largest st prop proportion ortion (42%) are somewhat confident and another fifth (22%) are not confident.

Voter Data

Very/ Extremely Confident 22%

No answer 14% Not confident 22%

Somewhat confident 42%

Among healthcare-related concerns, having to pay more for the family’s

healthcare ranks first as the most common worry among 50+ voters (54%) followed by not being able to afford the care needed for a major medical problem problem (47 (47%). %). Four in tten en worry about their access to services and one-third (35%) worry about the quality of health care services.

NYC 50+ Voters: How Confident You Can Maintain Health Care Coverage at Acceptable Cost over Next 5 Years?2 

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: % Extremely/Very Worried About2

Having to pay more for family's health care Having a major medical problem and not being able to afford care

54% 47%

Access to health care services you or family need Quality of the health care services you receive

40% 35%

MANY ARE UNCERTAIN UNCERTAIN AND WORRIED WORRIED ABOUT THE FUTURE OF HEALTH HEALTH CARE COSTS FOR THEIR THEI R FAMILIES

64% UNCERTAIN

A MAJORITY OF 50+ VOTERS DO NOT FEEL CONFIDENT ABOUT THE FUTURE COST OF THEIR

MORE THAN HALF OF 50+ VOTERS ARE WORRIED WORR IED ABOUT WORRIED HAVING TO PAY MORE

54%

HEALTHCARE -52 

NYC WILL NEED TO BUILD CAPACITY IN LONG-TERM CARE SERVICES TO FULFILL AGING PREFERENCES A MAJORITY MAJORIT Y OF 50+ NYC VOTERS PREFER TO RECEIVE LONG TERM CARE AT HOME; YET THERE IS A LAG IN AFFORDABLE SERVICES The National Clearinghouse for Long-Term Care Information defines long-ter long-term m care as “a range of services supports neededcare, to meet or personalwith needs a long period of time. long-termand care is not medical but health rather assistance theover basic personal tasks of Most Furthermore,, it is estimated that about 70 70% % of the 65+ will nee need d some type of everyday life”.4  Furthermore 4 Given the projected growth of NYC’s Senior population over the long-term care in their lifetime. next two decades (40% increase from 2010 to 2030), it is of great importance that the City’s

healthcare field be prepared to meet this growing need with affordable long-term care options.

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Long Term Care Preference of Care for Self or Family2  No, don't prefer option

Care at home: Paid nurse or aide

Don't know

23%

50%

37%

 Assisted-Living Facility

40%

20%

61% 17%

46%

22%

55%

39% 25%

Excellent/Very g go ood

27% 25% 19%

25% 26% 22%

Fair/Poor 30%

29% 11%

Don’t know

31% 30%

25% 20% 18%

10%

10% 0%

Total 50 50+

White 50 50+

a paid nurse (6 (61%). 1%). The second most commonly preferred way to receive long term care is also at home, but with family and friends   providing the care.

20%

NYC 50+ Voters: Rating of Affordable Long-Term Care Services in your Community3

40% 30%

17%

Care at home: Help from family/friends

Nursing home

Voter Data

Yes, prefer option

If long-term care services are needed, the top preference among 50+ voters is to receive that care at home by

Black 50 50+ Hispanic 50+ 50+ Asia sian 5 50 0+

Only 27% of all NYC 50+ voters rate affordable longterm care services in their community as “Excellent” or “Very good”. Black and

Hispanic voters appear to have more familiarity with these services (significantly fewer saying they “don’t know”), yet

there are equal proportions giving good and bad ratings in each group.

BLACK AND HISPANIC 50+ VOTERS IN NYC ARE MORE FAMILIAR BUT NOT MORE POSITIVE ABOUT LONG TERM CARE SERVICES IN THEIR COMMUNITY 3

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-53 

LONG-TERM TERM CARE THREA THREATEN TEN ECONOMIC COSTS OF LONGSECURITY OF OLDER ADULTS AND THEIR FAMILIES COSTS ARE NOT COVERED BY HEALTH HEALTH INSURANCE OR MEDICARE Long-term care services services and supports are not covered by traditional medical health plans or Medicare. Most long-term car care e costs are the responsibility of the patient and are direct direct out-ofpocket expenses.

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Average costs in New York City for two years of long-term care range from $59,000 for home health care (based on 5 visits per week, 6 hours per visit) to $142,000 for Assisted Living and $322,000 for Nursing care.5  Of these opt options, ions, home health care is both lowest cost an and d most preferred by 50+ voters to enable independent living at home. Yet, even at the relative bargain of one-fifth the cost of Nursing Home care, the average cost for two years of home health care is more than a full year of household income for most 65+ residents. residents. (57% live in households with incomes of less than $50,000.) Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Rating of Affordable Long-Term Care Services in your Community3 Excellent/Very goo good

50%

Fair Fair/P /Po oor

Don’t know

40% 30%

31%

27% 25%

20%

19%

24%

23% 17%

21% 21%

10% 0%

Total 50+

Caregivers

Non-caregivers

Some of the people most familiar with long-term l ong-term care services in their community are the caregivers that provide care for others. Among NYC 50+ voters that have been caregivers within the past 5 years, nearly one-third rate their community’s affordable long -term -term care services as “fair” or “poor” – significantly more than non-caregivers and the total 50+ overall.

LONG-TERM CARE SUPPORTS AT HOME ARE RELATIVELY LESS EXPENSIVE, BUT STILL UNAFFORDABLE FOR INDIVIDUAL FAMILIES

AVERAGE COST OF CARE IN NEW YORK CITY FOR 2 YEARS 5

$59K

$142K

$322K

HOME HEALTH 

ASSISTED LIVING 

NURSING HOME 

-54 

COMMUNIT IES RELY NYC COMMUNITIES RELY ON FAMIL FAMILY Y CAREGIVERS CAREGIVER S TO PROVIDE UNPAID CARE AND SUPPORT THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS IS A SUBSTANTIAL COST SAVINGS SAVING S TO THE CITY’S HEAL HEALTH TH CARE SYSTEM Voter Data

It is quite common for 50+ adults to give unpaid caregiving support to family members and friends. Among all NY NYC C 50+ voter voters, s, 39% have been caregivers in the past five years or currently are providing care to a friend or family member. Adults 50-64 years old are significantly more likely than their 65+ counterparts counterpart s to identify as caregivers (45% vs. 32%). Moreover, looking ahead over the next five years, NYC voters 50+ do not see their caregiving responsibilities diminishing. More than half (52%) believe they are likely to provide care within the next 5 years and an additional 12% are not sure.

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Past 5 Year Caregivers3 50-64

65+

45%

32%

NYC 50+ Voters: Likelihood of Caregiving in Next 5 Years3

less likely than their younger counterparts (50-64) to be caregivers, when they are caring for loved ones it is more often as the primary caregiver (50% vs. 43%).

f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

Not sure, 12% Likely, 52%

Not Likely, 36%

Nearly half of all 50+ caregivers are the primary caregiver. Of note, while while seniors (65+) are

 S   t    a  t    e  o

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Who Provides the Majority Majority of of the Care?3 100%

Self

Other friends/family

Professional help

Split evenly

80% 60% 40% 20%

46%

50%

43% 26%22%

22%23% 8%

24% 17% 7%

9%

0%

Total 50+

50-64

65+

NY STATE HAS 4.1 MILLION CAREGIVERS PROVIDING UNPAID CARE AT ANY GIVEN TIME, PROVIDING 2.68 MILLION HOURS OF CARE VALUED AT $3.2 BILLION6

-55 

CAREGIVING RESPONSIBILITIES ARE STRAINING LIVES OF 50+ NEW YORKERS 50+ VOTERS WANT ELECTED OFFICIALS TO SUPPORT FAMILY CAREGIVERS

Voter Data

NYC 50+ Voters: Impact of Caregiving on Quality of Life (including financial hardship, emotional stress and stress at work) 3

50%

33%

40%

26%

30%

25% 14%

20% 10%

likely to report an “overwhelming”

0%

Overwhelming A good deal of  strain strain

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

When asked about the extent to which providing care puts a strain on their overall quality of life, nearly six out of ten (59%) 50+ caregivers experience an overwhelming or a good deal of strain strain.. 50+ Hispan Hispanic ic caregivers in NYC are even more

Voter Data

Mino Minorr str strai ain n

No st stra rain in at al alll

NYC 50+ Voters: How much of a priority should it be for New York City elected officials to strengthen laws and regulations and to fund services that support family caregivers?3 50%

50% 40%

29%

30%

16%

20% 10% 0%

2%

1% Top

High Pr Prio iori ritt

Medium Low Priority Pr Prio iori ritt

level of strain from family caregiving responsibilities (36% versus 23% among Whites).

Given the impact of providing unpaid care on caregivers’ quality

of life, most 50+ voters (79%) believe supporting family caregivers should be a priority for NYC elected officials. Black an and d Hispanic 50+ voters are even more strongly in agreement that caregiver supports by elected officials should be a priority, with nearly nine in ten ranking it top or high (87% and 86%, respectively compared to 73% of Whites.)

Not a Priority

50+ CAREGIVER PROFILE IN NYC: NEW YORK CITY CAREGIVERS,

59%

60%

41%

FEMALE

50-64

WORKING

25% EMPLOYED FULL TIME

LIKE MOST IN THE NA NATION, TION, ARE MORE OFTEN FEMALE THAN MALE. MORE ARE YOUNGER THAN 65 AND TEND TO BE

WORKING3 -56 

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

Section 5: Healthcare References 1. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, PUMS PUMS 2009-2011. Prepared by AARP Research 2. AARP NY Legislative Issue Survey of 50+ Registered Voters in NYC, December 2012. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus   3. AARP Public Opinion Survey of NYC Registered Voters age 50 and older, June 2013. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus 4. Administration for Community Living, an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available at http://longtermcare.gov/the-basics/who-needs-care/  http://longtermcare.gov/the-basics/who-needs-care/  5. Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program Costs of Care. Available at https://www.ltcfeds.com. https://www.ltcfeds.com. Accessed on November 1, 2013. 6. Valuing the Invaluable: 2011 Update. The Growing Contributions and Costs of Family Caregiving.. The AARP Public Policy

http://www.aarp.org/relationships/caregiving/info-07-2011/valuing-the-invaluable.html Accessed  Accessed on Institute. Available at http://www.aarp.org/relationships/caregiving/info-07-2011/valuing-the-invaluable.html November 1, 2013. 7. The Urban Institute Health Policy Center, Health Insurance Reform Simula Simulation tion Model, January 2013. Available at http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412534-Affordable-Care-Act-in-New-York-State.pdf  Accessed on November 21, 2013.

NUMBER OF NYC ADULTS (4 BOROUGHS) AGES 45-64 ESTIMATED TO TO GAIN INSURANCE COVERAGE WITH FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT7

125K 

-57 

VI. LIVABLE COMMUNITY •







Livability Transportation & Pedestrian Safety Aging in Place Age Friendly Community

-58 

MORE VOTERS CONSIDER NYC’S LACK OF AFFORDABLE

HOUSING TO BE A MAJOR PROBLEM, SURPASSING OTHER COMMUNITY CONCERNS AFFORDABLE  HOUSING IS A KEY VOTING ISSUE FOR NYC AFFORDABLE NYC 50+  50+  Half of all 50+ NYC registered voters cite lack of affordable housing as a “major” concern,

compared to 42% saying heavy traffic and 33% classifying crime as an equally serious problem.

50+ NYC Voters saying each is a “Major

Problem”1

54%

42%

33%

Affordable Housing

Heavy Traffic

Crime/ Safety

Survey Question:

Is [INSERT] a major problem, minor problem or not a problem at all in your community?

Compared to their counterparts, counterparts, lack of affordable housing is considered to be a major problem by larger proportions proportions of resident vote voters rs who are 50-64 years old (60% versus 48% 65+ years); live in (67%); Brooklyn Manhattan boroughs (57% and44% 70%, respectively); respectively); are Black (59%) or Hispanic or or rent their residence (61 (61% % versus owners.) Voter Data

50+ NYC Voters: Lack of Affordable Housing is a "Major Problem”1 100% 80% 60%

60%

48%

48%

57%

70% 47% 43%

48%

67%

59%

61% 44%

44%

40% 20% 0%

50-64 65+

AGE

Bronx Brook Man Qns

S.I.

White Black His- Asian panic

Own Rent

RACE/ETHNICITY

BOROUGH

Affordable housing ranks first in major problem ratings among total registered voters; and among the most engaged voters it stands out more clearly as the top t op regarded “major problem”

of the city issues in an AARP survey of 50+ registered voters in NYC.

HOUSING PROBLEM RANKS FIRST WITH TOTAL TOTAL VOTERS VOTERS AND …  % Rating as Major Problem by Likelihood to Vote1

… BY A WIDER

MARGIN AMONG MOST LIKELY

Likely to Vote

42%

54%

33% Not Likely to

Affordable housing Heavy traffic

48%

Crime/ personal

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

VOTERS

40% 38%

Vote

safety

-59 

50+ VOTERS IN NYC WANT TO STAY IN THEIR OWN HOMES AS THEY AGE “AGING “A GING IN PLACE” REQUIRES ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL MOBILITY MOBILIT Y LEVELS  “Aging in place” is the ability to live in one’s own home and community safely, independently,

and comfortably, regardless of age, income, or ability level.2  Older New Yorkers are no different from older Americans nationally in their near universal preference to stay in their own homes as they age. Ninety percent of 50+ voters in NYC say it is very to extremely important to be able to stay in their homes as they age.1 

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Although a vast majority of all race and ethnic groups consider aging in place important, cultural differences may contribute to slightly lower intensity among Hispanics and Asians. In these ethnic communities it is more commonly expected that elders will

Voter Data

NYC 50+Voters: How Important to Stay in Your Home as You Age?1 100%

90%

80%

25%

eventually move into adult children’s

23%

93%

87%

22%

60% 40%

68%

65%

71%

20%

homes or return to a home country of heritage.

79%

Total %

34%

28%

Very important

53%

51%

Extremely important

0%

 Total 50+

One-fourth of all NYC residents age 50+ are living with a disabilit disability. y. Between ages 50-64 and 65+, disability rates more than double, rising from 16% to 40%. Among NYC Seniors (65+), nearly one-third have a physical disability and 22% have difficulty going out of their homes. As the S Senior enior (65+ (65+)) population grows, it will be important to more people that the City is prepared to address the needs of disabled or mobility challenged residents living in its boroughs.

91%

White 50+

Black Hispanic Asian 50+ 50+ 50+

NYC 50+ with Disability or Mobility Need 3 Total 50+ 50%

20%

65+

40%

40% 30%

50-64

30%

26%

22%

16%

13%

19% 11%

6%

10% 0%

Disa Disabi bili lity ty (A (Any ny))

Di Diff ffic icul ulty ty goin going g out

Physical disability

HOUSING DESIGNED FOR PHYSICAL AND MOBILE DISABILITIES WILL BECOME INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT. DISABILITY AMONG

Disability & Mobility Needs, NYC Seniors

SENIORS (65+) ISIN MOST COMMON THE BRONX (48%) FOLLOWED BY

Bronx

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Queens

Staten Is

(Age 65+) 3  Disabil ity Disability

48%

43%

36%

38%

36%

Difficulty going out

26%

26%

19%

21%

21%

Physical difficulty

36%

32%

27%

28%

26%

BROOKLYN (43%)

Hearing difficult difficultyy

14%

12%

10%

11%

12%

Vision difficulty

13%

11%

7%

8%

5%

-60 

ALTERNA TERNATIVE TIVE TRANSPOR TRANSPORT TATION SERVICES IN NYC AL COMMUNITIES SHOW ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT OVERALL OPINIONS ARE MIXED, SOMEWHAT SOMEWHAT MORE POSITIVE IN THE BRONX In its report on aging in place, the AARP Public Policy Institute and the National Conference of State Legislatures identified several several livability practices that improve age-friendliness in states and communities and increase the ability of residents to stay in their homes as they age. Beyond affordable and accessible age-friendly housing to decrease the need for institutional care, considerations for community transportation and pedestrian mobility are also important.2 An AARP survey in June 2013 found 53% of 50+ NYC voters rate alternative transportation services in their community as good to poor and another 15% weren’t able to provide a rating

for lack of awareness or experience. experience. One-third consider tthese hese services excellen excellentt to very good. Bronx residents and Seniors (age 65+) are more likely to give positive ratings to alternative transportation transport ation services in their community. Opinions of alternative alternative transportation serv services ices by race and ethnicity are more mixed. Roughly one-third of Black and Hispanic 50+ voters give fair to poor ratings. But among Blacks, slightly more give high ratings of very good to excellent. Awarene Awareness ss or experience (indicated through

 S   t    a  t    e  o

don’t know responses) of alternative transportation options is lowest in Manhattan and

f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n

Queens and with White and Asian 50+ cohorts. Voter Data 50%

NYC 50+ Voters: How would you rate y your our community on alternative transportation services?1 Survey Question: How would you rate your community on alternative transportation services, such as community vans, service shuttles and volunteer drivers that help residents maintain their   independence as they age?

40% 30% 20%

21%

26% 17%

11%

15%

10%

10% 0%

Excellent

Very

Good

Poor

Fair

Good

Don't Know

Brook- ManStaten Bronx lyn hattan Queens Island 50-64

White 65+ 50+

Black Hispanic Asian 50+ 50+ 50+

Excellent/Very Good

37%

30%

28%

32%

27%

28%

35%

31%

36%

29%

29%

Good

28%

25%

25%

26%

27%

26%

26%

25%

24%

30%

27%

Fair/Poor

26%

31%

25%

26%

28%

29%

25%

23%

32%

31%

24%

Don’t know

9%

13%

20%

15%

19%

16%

13%

21%

7%

9%

18%

IN 2014, AN ESTIMA ESTIMATED TED AVERAGE AVERAGE OF 846,000 RIDERS PER MONTH ARE EXPECTED TO BE CARRIED BY NYC’S PARATRANSIT SERVICE, ACCESS-A-RIDE4

N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-61 

PEDESTRIAN SAFETY REMAINS AN AREA OF OPPORTUNITY FOR NYC AGE-FRIENDLY LIVING PEDESTRIAN SAFETY STANDS OUT AS A MAJOR PROBLEM FOR 50+ HISPANICS Thirty-six percent of NYC traffic fatalities are Senior pedestrians – three times their representation represen tation in the total citywide population. Since launchingfatality the Safe Streets for5Seniors program five years ago, NYC has reduced its senior pedestrian fat ality rate by 19%.  However, a majority of 50+ voters still identify pedestrian safety issues in their community to be a problem. Voter Data

NYC 50+Voters: Problems in your community? 1 Major Problem

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

Minor Problem

Streets that need repair

40%

Cars not yielding to pedestrians

39%

72%

32%

68%

29%

Sidewalks too narrow, poorly lit, need repair, don’t exist 

26%

30%

56%

Traffic lights timed too fast for safe ped crossing

28%

27%

55%

Public transportation too far, too limited, or too hard to navigate

16%

22%

Survey Question: Is [INSERT] a major problem, minor problem or not a problem at all in your community?

38%

Hispanic adults age 50+ are even more likely than those in other racial or ethnic groups to categorize pedestrian pedestrian safety as a major p problem. roblem. More than half of Hispanics 50 50+ + (53%) consider cars not yielding to pedestrians to a be a ”major” problem in their community, four in

ten feel lights are timed too fast for safe crossing and nearly as many (37%) observe major problems with sidewalks. sidewalks. Pedestrian safety strateg strategies ies in NYC need to include cultural considerations. % Rating as “Major Problem” in Community, NYC 50+ Voters 1

White 50+ 36%

Black 50+ 42%

Hispanic 50+ 45%

Asian 50+ 32%

Cars not yielding to pedestrians

35%

39%

53%

36%

Sidewalks that are too narrow, poorly lit, need repair or don’t exist

20%

30%

37%

26%

Traffic lights timed too fast for safe pedes pedestrian trian crossing

23%

29%

40%

30%

Public transportation is too far, too limited or too hard to n navigate avigate

15%

15%

20%

17%

Crime or personal safety

23%

38%

48%

43%

Streets that need repair

DIFFERENCES IN RACIAL AND ETHNIC PERCEPTIONS ABOUT PEDESTRIAN SAFETY SAFET Y MIRROR DIFFERENCES I N ACTUAL IN FATALITIES. FAT ALITIES. NATIONALLY, OLDER ADULTS AND NON-WHITE POPULATIONS HAVE THE HIGHEST PEDESTRIAN DEATH RATES RATES6

-62 

MAJORITY OF 50+ VOTERS THINK NYC ELECTED  OFFICIALS SHOULD PROMOTE NYC AGE FRIENDLY LIVING NEARLY NEARL Y HALF CONSIDER IT A TOP PRIORITY In preparation for the dramatic growth of the City’s older population, the Mayor’s Office first

undertook the Age-Friendly NYC initiative in 2008, becoming certified by the World Health Organization as an Age-Friendly City in 2010. NYC has been a leader in creating age-friendly cities and a model for other communities.7  A majority of NYC 50+ voters (73%) believe it should still be a top priority or high priority for elected officials.

Voter Data 50%

NYC 50+ Voters: How much of a pri priority ority should it be for New York City elected officials to promote age friendly living in NYC?1

46%

40%

 S   t    a  t    e  o

27%

30%

19%

20%

2%

10% 0%

Top Priority

High Priority

Medium Priority

Low Priority

2% Not a Priority

Section 6: Livable Community References 1. AARP Pu Public blic Opini Opinion on Survey of N NYC YC Registe Registered red Vo Voters ters a age ge 50 and older older.. June 2013. http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus  http://www.aarp.org/nyc50plus  2. Aging in Place: A State State Survey of Livability Livability Policies Policies and Practice Practices. s. A research research report by th the e National Conferenc Conference e of State Legislatures and the AARP Public Policy Institute. December 2011. Available a att http://www.aarp.org/livable-

communities/learn/research-trends/info-12-2012/aarp-aging-in-place-state-survey.html   communities/learn/research-trends/info-12-2012/aarp-aging-in-place-state-survey.html 3. U.S. Cens Census us Bureau Bureau,, American Co Communit mmunityy Survey, P PUMS UMS 2009-201 2009-2011. 1. Prepared b byy AARP Resea Research. rch. 4. MTA, NY NYC C Trans Transit it Perfo Performance rmance Dashb Dashboard. oard. A Availa vailable ble at http://web.mta.info/persdashboard/agencies/nyctbus/cp/166716_chartmth.htm  http://web.mta.info/persdashboard/agencies/nyctbus/cp/166716_chartmth.htm  5. NYC Dep Depart artmen mentt of Tra Transp nsport ortati ation. on. http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/pedestrians/safeseniors.shtml http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/pedestrians/safeseniors.shtml   6.

Centers for Dise Disease ase Control Control,, Morbidity and Morta Mortality lity Weekly Report, Report, Motor Vehi Vehicle cle Traffic-R Traffic-Related elated Pe Pedestri destrian an Deaths — United States, 2001–2010. April 19, 2013. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6215a1.htm#fig  

7. Toward an A Age-Fri ge-Friendly endly New York City: A Fin Findings dings Report Report. New York Academy of Medicine. Fall 2008. Available a att

http://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/aids/conferences/docs/nyam_age_friendly_report.pdf  

36% 50+ NYC Voters

ARE NOT VERY CONFIDENT THEY CAN STAY IN THEIR CURRENT RESIDENCE WITHOUT NEEDING ANY MAJOR MODIFICATIONS AS THEY AGE 1 

f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-63 

VI. AARP APPENDIX 50+ NYC Voter Survey •



Method Statement Annotated Questionnaire of Results

-64 

SURVEY METHODOLOGY SUMMARY The AARP survey of New York City Voters obtained telephone interviews with a sample sa mple of 1,302 registered voters aged 50 and in older reside New York City.were Theconducted sample was drawn atand rand random om from a list of registered voters Newwho York City. in The interviews in English Spanish by Woelfel Research, Inc. May 28 through June 12, 2013. The results for the survey were weighted by age and gender. The margin of sampling error for the random sample of 1,302 is ±2.7%. There was an additional oversample of 305 Asian voters with a margin of error of ± 5.6%. Interviewing for the Asian oversample oversam ple was conducted in English, Chinese, Korean, Hi Hindi ndi and Tagalog by Universal Survey June 17 through June 30, 2013. The Asian interviews were sampled from the same registered voter list and used the same survey instrument as the main sample, adapted into the appropriate languages. Data from the Asian oversample were weighted similarly by age and gender as well as ethnicity and county. Results reported for total New York City Ci ty do not include data from the oversampled Asian respondents. Details on the design and execution of the survey are discussed below. DESIGN AND DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES Sample Design

The sample of registered voters was drawn from a list of 114 million registered voters complete with age, geography, and telephone number appended to the sample. sampl e. The list was provided by Accudata, Inc. Respondents were screened to be be 50 or older, to live in New York City and to be a registered voter in the state of New York. The sample sizes for the main sample by county were as follows: 

Bronx County

296



Kings County

306



New York County Queens County

304 309



Richmond County

87



Questionnaire Questionnair e Developm D evelopment ent and Testing

The questionnaire was developed by AARP staff. In order to improve the quality of the data, the questionnaire was pretested with a small number of respondents. The pretest interviews were monitored by WRI and AARP staff and conducted using experienced interviewers who could best  judge the quality of the answers given and the degree to which respondents understood understood the questions.

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

-65 

SURVEY METHODOLOGY Contact Procedures

Sample was released for interviewing in replicates, which are representative subsamples of the larger l arger sample. Using replicates to control the release of sample ensures that complete call procedures are followed for the entire sample. It also ensures ensu res that the geographic distribution of numbers called is appropriate. WEIGHTING The sample was weighted by by county, age, race/ethnicity, and gender. The weights were applied sequentially. The order of application was county, age, race/ethnicity, and gender. The table below contains information about the weighting. The column labeled “Population” “Population” shows the actual

population distributions for New York City registered voters aged 50 and older. The column labeled      4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

“Sample” shows the distribution of the sample. The column labeled “Weighted “Weighted Sample” show shows s the

distribution in the sample after the weights weights were applied. Since the Current Population Survey (U (U.S. .S. Census Bureau) does not provide a weight target for “other” race, this category was given a weight of 1. Population*

Sample

Weighted Sample

Bronx 

19% 

23% 

18% 

Kings/Brooklyn 

23% 

24% 

23% 

New York/Manhattan 

24% 

23% 

24% 

Queens 

26% 

24% 

26% 

Richmond 

8% 

7% 

9% 

Age 50-59 

36% 

31% 

35% 

Age 60-74 

47% 

42% 

48% 

Age 75+ 

17% 

27% 

17% 

White Non-Hispanic 

51% 

38% 

48% 

Black Non-Hispanic  Hispanic 

27%  19% 

27%  24% 

25%  17% 

Asian 

3% 

3% 

3% 

Other 

(No target) 

2% 

2% 

5% 

5% 

Missing   Male 

43% 

38% 

43% 

Female 

57% 

62% 

57% 

* Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, November 2010.

-66 

SURVEY METHODOLOGY WEIGHTING, CONTINUED ASIAN OVERSAMPLE

Population*

Sample

Weighted Sample

5%

4%

3% 

Kings/Brooklyn 

24%

16%

19% 

New York/Manhattan 

16%

15%

14% 

Queens 

52%

59%

57% 

Richmond 

4%

7%

7% 

Age 50-64 

66% 

46% 

68% 

Age 65+ 

34% 

54% 

32% 

Chinese 

54% 

45% 

54% 

Filipino 

8% 

14% 

8% 

Indian 

22% 

17% 

22% 

Korean 

10% 

17% 

10% 

Bronx 

Other (English speaking) 

(No target) 

7% 

6% 

Male 

43% 

33% 

43% 

Female 

57% 

66% 

57% 

RESPONSE RATE/COOPERATION RATE/REFUSAL RATE The response rate for this study was measured using AAPOR’s response rate 3 method. The cooperation rate was measured using AAPOR’s cooperation rate 3 method. The refusal rate was measured using AAPOR’s refusal rate 3 method.

Main sample Asian oversample

Response Rate 

Cooperation Rate 

Refusal Rate 

13% 

78% 

15% 

7%

40%

4%

Source: AAPOR Outcome Rate Calculator Version 2.1 May 2003

 S   t    a  t    e  o f    t   h   e  5   0  +   i   n N  Y   C   2   0  1  4   

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ANNOTA ANNOT ATED QUESTIONNAIRE QUESTIONNAIRE

The full survey sur vey annotation has been omitted from this printing www.aarp.org/nyc50plus   but can be accessed online at http: www.aarp.org/nyc50plus

     4    1    0    2      C    Y    N    n    i     +    0    5    e    h    t    f    o    e    t    a    t    S

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