Study of Titanium Nitride Coatings

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Titanium Nitride (TiN) coatings
Titanium Nitride (TiN) is a ceramic which is used in orthopaedic implants
especially hip replacement implants for its high hardness (2400 on the
Vickers scale), wear resistance and low ions release. It's used to prevent
abrasion and corrosion of the implant as well as to prevent fretting in
contacting implants. TiN, in vivio and in cell culture showed no toxicity and is
well tolerated by blood (Sovak et al, 2014). Moreover, mesenchymal stem
cells showed similar biological responses to TiN-coated surfaces and
uncoated titanium such as firm osseointegration. A coating of 8-10 microns
thick is usually applied to the femoral head of hip prostheses using nitrogen
ion implantation, physical vapour deposition or plasma ion nitriding (Van
Hove et al, 2015). TiN-coated Ti6Al4V implants showed good bonding
properties, high wear and scratch resistance as well as a low fatigue cycle.
This resulted in an overall survival exceeding 90% for up to 77 months (Van
Hove et al, 2015). However, there has been issues of delamination of the
PVD TiN coating in the articulating surface. New techniques have been
introduced to improve the adhesion of the TiN coating to the implant
material such as powder immersion reaction assisted coating, (PIRAC).

Sovak, G., Gotman, I., & Weiss, A. (2014). Osseointegration of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy
Implants with a Titanium Nitride Coating Produced by a PIRAC Nitriding
Technique: A Long-Term Time Course Study in the Rat. Microscopy and
Microanalysis Microsc Microanal, 21(01), 179-189.
Hove, R. P., Sierevelt, I. N., Royen, B. J., & Nolte, P. A. (2015). Titanium-Nitride
Coating of Orthopaedic Implants: A Review of the Literature. BioMed
Research International, 2015, 1-9.

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