Top Ten Leaders

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Top Leaders of the last decade

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Principles of Management

Top Ten Leaders of the World

During Last Decade

Group Members

1 2 3
4 5

Khurram
Shakeel

Hammad
Anwar

Syed Junaid
Ali

M. Umer
Siddiqui

Mian Usman
Farooq

Leadership
Introduction

Origin, importance, and types

Leadership Introduction
Originated from the word “laden” back
in 1300s, while the term leadership
followed some five centuries later
Study of leadership is multidisciplinary
with contributions from social sciences
Perception that is both current and
timeless, in one form or another

The process has been central to human
interactions since the dawn of society
Influenced socially which means
leaving a mark
Initiating and guiding, and the result is
transformation

Types of Leaders

a) Teachers: Rule breakers and value creators
b) Heroes: Responsible for great causes and noble works
c) Rulers: Motivate principally to dominate others

Teachers

Heroes

Rulers

Muhammad
(PBUH)

Edison

Alexander

Buddha

Newton

Akbar

Jesus

Einstein

Hitler

Aristotle

da Vinci

Napoleon

Socrates

Shakespeare

Jinnah

Steven P. Jobs
Apple/Pixar
1955-2011
United States
Information Technology
Technologist with the heart of an
artist

Recognition
» Co-founder of Apple, occurred in 1970’s along with Steve Wozniak
» Originate NeXT, a computer platform development company in 1985
» Acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm in 1986, which

spun off as Pixar Animation Studios
» Returned to his original company after Apple acquired NeXT in 1996
» Served as a Director of Walt Disney Co. from May 2006 till his last
» Named one of the Time Magazine's top 25 most influential people
» In 2009, named as CEO of the decade by Fortune Magazine
» The Financial Times named him the person of the year for 2010

Apple - Rise and Fall
» Founded in 1976, through selling  Apple I personal computer kit
» Year later, Apple II series introduced, led to Apple Lisa in 1983
» In 1984, Apple Macintosh was born with GUI, 128K Expandable

Memory, and Pointing device
» In 1985, a tiff occurred amongst Jobs and CEO John Scully, leads

to Job’s resignation and formation of NeXT Inc. the same year
» Afterwards, Apple’s sales and shine began to wear off and stock

prices continued to slide downwards
» In 1997, Apple was veering dangerously close to bankruptcy

NeXT - A New Venture
» Founded in 1985, with the intention of providing

powerful computers for higher education, and business
» Introduced the first NeXT Computer in 1988, and the

smaller NeXT Station in 1990
» That machine was a commercial washout but helped

with future work in object-oriented programming
» In 1993, launch OPENSTEP, its implementation for

several OEMs
» Also developed WebObjects, one of the first

enterprise web application frameworks

Pixar - A Master Stroke
» Bought in 1986 from George Lucas and reformed it as

Pixar
» Got three film contract from Disney and created first

computer animated film, Toy Story in 1995
» Produced thirteen feature films amongst twelve of the

films have received both critical and financial success
» Studio has earned 26 Academy Awards,

seven Golden Globe Awards, and three Grammy
Awards
» None of the Pixar film has ever NOT been a top ten

Pixar - The Money Machine

Apple - Return to Profitability
» In 1996, Apple's acquisition of NeXT brought Jobs back to the

company which was then close to bankruptcy
» Immediately Jobs made his impact felt by introducing the

iMac, and two video editing software named iMovie and
Final Cut Pro
» In 2002 the company launched the iPod, and sparked the

commence of iTunes Store
» Followed that up with two more hits, the iPhone in 2007 and

the iPad in 2010
» Nearly 15 years later, stock prices have gone from $6 to $350

Extraordinary Man by Standards
» Since returning to Apple, everything Jobs touch seems

to turn to gold
» In 2006, Pixar’s sales to Disney for $ 7.4 billion

increased his power and left him the biggest
shareholder
» For all his success, health is one area of his life that

has been unable to control, thereby in 2011, Jobs
resigned as CEO of Apple
» Leaving behind a legacy that changed the computer,

music, film and wireless industries

John C. Martin,
PhD
Gilead Sciences
1951-Present
United States
Health Care
Advancing Therapeutics,
Improving Lives

Preface - Gilead Sciences
» Founded in 1987, company has operations in North America,

Europe, Australia and Asia Pacific
» Research-based biopharmaceutical company that discovers,

develops and commercializes medicines
» Primary areas of focus include HIV/AIDS, liver diseases,

cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory conditions
» Portfolio of 14 marketed products including the only

complete treatment regimens for HIV infection available - as
well as the first agent, to be approved for HIV prevention in
uninfected adults
» Member of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index and

Accomplishments
» 1984-1990, employed at Bristol-Myers Squibb, a

pharmaceutical company, as a Director of Antiviral
Chemistry
» Employed at Syntex Corporation, a pharmaceutical

company, from 1978 to 1984 where co-invented
ganciclovir
» President and CEO of Gilead Sciences Inc. from 1996-2008

prior joining in 1990 as Vice President for R&D followed by
COO in 1995
» Chairman of the Board of Gilead Sciences Inc., since May

2008

Recognition
» Holds a PhD in Organic Chemistry from the University of

Chicago and MBA in Marketing from Golden Gate
University
» Affiliate with the Board of Directors of the California

Healthcare Institute and Gen-Probe Inc.
» Member of the Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS

from 2006-2009
» Served as President of the International Society for

Antiviral Research since 1998-2000
» Served on the Centers for Disease Control and Services

Administrations Advisory Committee

Assessment and Growth
» Dr. Martin as been the brains behind one of the fastest-

growing drug stocks on Wall Street since taking over in 1996
- about 2,700% in those 15 years
» Like Jobs, he soaked up the technical knowledge necessary

to lead such a highly cerebral company and understood how
to take calculated risks and use capital responsibly to grow
and squeeze out competitors
» After riding high due to successful antiviral medications, in

2006 made quality acquisitions to enter into the profitable
cardiovascular and respiratory markets
» Currently in Phase III testing for four HIV/AIDS treatments,

Product Approvals Timeline
» Scientific breakthrough is almost always the product of

collaboration and Gilead places high value on partnering
with companies and organizations whose strengths
complement and augment our own

Mergers and Acquisitions
Year

Company

Price

1999

Nexstar Pharmaceuticals

$550 million

2003

Triangle Pharmaceuticals

$464 million

2006

Corus Pharma, Inc.

$365 million

2006

Myogen, Inc.

$2.5 billion

2006

Raylo Chemicals, Inc

$148 million

2007

Nycomed fr. Altana - Cork

$47 million

2009

CV Therapeutics, Inc.

$1.4 billion

2010

CGI Pharmaceuticals

$120 million

2010

Arresto Biosciences, Inc.

$225 million

2011

Calistoga Pharmaceuticals

$375 million

2012

Pharmasset, Inc

$10.4 billion

Alan George
Lafley
Procter &
Gamble
1947-Present
United States
Consumer Goods
Most highly regarded CEO in
P&G’s history

Introduction
» Former Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief

Executive Officer of Procter & Gamble; Retired in 2010
» Credited with making P&G as a more consumer-driven

and externally focused company and with shaping a far
more diverse, open, curious and courageous,
connected and collaborative culture in which
"innovation is everyone’s job"

Education
» Graduated from Fenwick High School in Oak

Park, Illinois, and earned an A.B. from Hamilton
College in 1969
» In 1970, after beginning a doctoral program at

the University of Virginia, took a commission with
the U.S. Navy as a supply officer during the Vietnam
War
» Afterwards, studied at Harvard Business School,

receiving his MBA in 1977

Achievements
» Joined P&G upon his graduation, where he worked until his

retirement
» With Lafley leading the company for most of the 2000s, P&G

more than doubled sales since the beginning of the decade
» The company’s portfolio of billion-dollar brands grew from 10

to 24 and the number of brands with sales between $500
million and $1 billion increased five-fold with Lafley at P&G’s
helm
» Further, during Lafley’s tenure, the Company’s market

capitalization more than doubled, making P&G one of the
five most valuable companies in the U.S. and among the 10

Management Style
» Since taking charge in 2000, when P&G was sinking under the

weight of too many new products and organizational changes,
Lafley has refocused on consumers and rejuvenated core
businesses
» Reaffirmed P&G's Purpose and Values and refocused the Company

on the few choices necessary to get the business back on track:
growing its leading categories and brands with its largest retail
customers in its top geographic markets while accelerating growth
in health, beauty and personal care and in fast-growing sectors
When discussing what made P&G successful, Lafley once said they
had a clear strategy, and were prepared to put all of their
resources, people and money behind it. He was in charge of

Hunt for Innovation
“Innovation isn’t always easy to come by. You have to be willing to
ask for help and let partners in business know that you are
innovating. Even if your business is a known leader in innovation, you
have to let it be known that you are looking for assistance with new
innovations.”
» Keeping this in mind a platform established in P&G by Lafley where

former and current P&Ger’s connected to each other
» Connect on business ideas, they connect on entrepreneurial ideas

and they connect on innovation and through that gets a lot of leads
from former P&Ger’s, colleagues of former P&Ger’s, and friends of
former P&Ger’s
» Utilizes their websites to gain ideas. You have to use all your

resources if you want to find the best innovations and ideas. To find
or develop products or services that will become true game-

Innovate for the Consumer
» P&G innovations have become so successful and a part of people’s

daily lives because the company innovates its brands with the
customer in mind 100 percent of the time
» Not only does P&G innovate with the customer in mind, but it

strives to understand its customer base for new products
» Innovating products that customers can’t live without doesn’t come

without trial and error. You have to be willing to fail and work until
you get a product that consumers want
» Encouraged fast failure and preferred cheap failure
» Due to continuously strive for innovation they bought Gillete in

2005 to help grow the company

Find what customers want
» Careful planning in terms of financial, human resources, , in

partner investment and acquisition investment for creating
the future
» To build upon your innovation, you have to know what

consumers are looking for and what you can do to give them
what they want. You have to know what products are and
aren’t the right fit for your business
» Focuses on building a product that delivers better value and

a better experience in performance value

Credentials
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1977 - Brand Assistant
1978 - Sales Training, Denver Sales District
1978 - Assistant Brand Manager, Tide
1980 - Brand Manager, Dawn & Ivory Snow
1981 - Brand Manager, Special Assignment & Ivory Snow
1982 - Brand Manager, Cheer
1983 - Associate Advertising Manager, PS&D Division
1986 - Advertising Manager, PS&D Division
1988 - General Manager, Laundry Products, PS&D Division
1991 - Vice President-Laundry and Cleaning Products, Procter & Gamble USA
1992 - Group Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company, and President
Laundry and Cleaning Products, Procter & Gamble USA
1994 - Group Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company, and
President-Procter & Gamble Far East
1995 - Executive Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company,
(President-Asia, Procter & Gamble Asia)
1998 - Executive Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company,
(President-North America)
1999 - President-Global Beauty Care and North America
2000 - President and Chief Executive
2002 - Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive
2007 - Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Activities
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Member, Board of Directors, General Electric Company
Member, Board of Directors, General Electric Company
Member, Board of Directors, Dell, Inc.
Member, American Society of Corporate Executives
Member, The Business Council
Member, The Business Roundtable
Member, Board of Directors, Grocery Manufacturers of America
Member, Board of Directors, United Negro College Fund
Member, Board of Trustees, Hamilton College
Member, Harvard Business School Board of Dean’s Advisors
Member, The Lauder Institute Board of Governors (Wharton School of Arts &
Sciences)
Member, McKinsey Advisory Council
Member, Board of Trustees, U.S. Council for International Business
Chairman, Cincinnati Center City Development Corporation (3CDC)
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Xavier University
Past Member, Board of Directors, General Motors Corporation
Past Member, American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
Past Member, G100 (formerly The M&A Group)
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra
Past Member, Board of Trustees, The Seven Hills School
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Medical Center Fund of Cincinnati
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Fine Arts Fund

Recognition and Thought-Leadership
» A.G. is broadly recognized for his business leadership
» Aawarded "CEO of the Year 2006" by Chief Executive Magazine and

the Peter G. Peterson Award for Business Statesmanship presented
by the CED in 2009
» In 2010, received the Edison Achievement Award, in recognition of

his contributions to innovation, marketing, and human-centered
design
» Recognized with the 2010 Hall of Achievement Award, the highest

honor given by the Grocery Manufacturers Association
» In 2011, awarded the Warren Bennis Award for Leadership

Excellence
» In 2008, Lafley and Ram Charan published The Game

Jeffrey R.
Immelt
General Electric
1956-Present
United States
Multinational Conglomerate
The head of Obama’s Jobs
Council

Recognition
» Chairman of the board and chief executive officer of

the US based  conglomerate General Electric
» Chairperson of the President’s Council on Jobs and

Competitiveness which President Barack
Obama created on February 6, 2009
» Earned a B.A. degree in Applied Mathematics from

Dartmouth College in 1978
» Got MBA from Harvard Business School in 1982
» Since then associated with GE till today

Achievements
» Held several global leadership positions since coming to

GE in 1982, including roles in GE's Plastics, Appliance,
and Healthcare businesses
» In 1989, became an officer of GE and joined the Capital

Board in 1997
» In 2000, Mr. Immelt was appointed as President and

CEO
» GE's chief executive is powerful for many reasons, but

here's one that's often overlooked: the company's AAA
credit rating

Achievements
» Due to which company sell its big-ticket products - jet engines,

industrial turbines, CT scanners, locomotives, and so forth - by
offering financing that competitors can't beat
» Add a century of experience in developing the world's best

managers and management practices, and GE becomes a very
tough organization to catch up with or oppose
» Mr. Immelt has been named one of the World's Best CEO three

times by Barron's, and since he began serving as chief executive
officer, GE has been named America's Most Admired
Company in a poll conducted by Fortune magazine and one of
The World's Most Respected Companies in polls by
Barron's and the Financial Times

Management Approach
» Personal Responsibility: Enron and 9/11 marked the end of an

era of individual freedom and the beginning of personal
responsibility. You lead today by building teams and placing others
first. It’s not about you.
» Simplify Constantly: Every leader needs to clearly explain the top

three things the organization is working on. If you can't, then you're
not leading well.
» Understand Breadth, Depth, and Context: How your company

fits in with the world and how you respond to it.
» Importance of alignment and time management: There is no

real magic to being a good leader. But at the end of every week,
you have to spend your time around the things that are really

Management Approach
» Leaders learn constantly and also have to learn how to

teach : A leader's primary role is to teach. People who work with
you don't have to agree with you, but they have to feel you're
willing to share what you've learned.
» Stay true to your own style : Leadership is an intense journey

into yourself. You can use your own style to get anything done. It's
about being self-aware. Every morning, I look in the mirror and say,
'I could have done three things better yesterday.
» Manage by setting boundaries with freedom in the middle:

The boundaries are commitment, passion, trust, and teamwork.
Within those guidelines, there's plenty of freedom. But no one can
cross those four boundaries.

Credentials
» Director, Chairman, and CEO of General Electric Company
» Director NBC Universal Media, LLC
» Chairman of the Board and CEO General Electric Capital

Services Inc.
» Director Robin Hood Foundation
» Trustee Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation Inc.
» Director Catalyst Inc.
» Chairman GE India Services Holding Limited
» Executive Chairman, CEO and Member of Public

Responsibilities Committee General Electric Company (2000Present)
» Director, Member of Management and Budget Committee

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York (2006-2011)
» Trustee Dartmouth College (2008-Present)

Mahatir
Mohamad
Politician
1925-Present
Malaysia
United Malays National Organization
Longest-Serving Elected Leader

Recognition
» Malaysian politician who was the 4th Prime Minister

of Malaysia
» Held the post for 22 years from 1981 to 2003, making

him Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister
» Political career spanned almost 40 years
» 21st Secretary General of Non-Aligned Movement
» Got MBBS from King Edward VII College of Medicine in

Singapore
» Founder of Look East Policy

Era of Reforms
First Phase: 1981-1985
» Utilized greater state intervention to promote

heavy industrialization and domestic imitations of
Japanese sogososhas (Trading companies)
» Imposed an austerity drive that reduced

government spending and placed state-owned
enterprises under closer scrutiny

Era of Reforms
Second Phase: 1986-1997
» Reduced business regulation for inter-ethnic

redistribution purposes
» Significantly encouraged higher value-added

export-oriented industries, skill development, and
technology up-grading

Era of Reforms
Third Phase: 1998-2003
» Refused to take IMF bail-out package and

bounced-back quicker than others
» Conceptualized VISION 2020 further, where by

the year 2020 Malaysia is expected to be fully
developed country

Achievements
» Per capita income increased 8 times during his tenure
» Turned a big slum into 18th biggest exporting country
» Single-handedly transformed, modernized,

industrialized, and strengthened the national economy
» Enable country to face the future by establishing the

Multimedia Super Corridor
» Fastest recovery from 1997 Asian Crisis in defiance of

IMF
» Banking system embarked on the extensive use of

modern information technology

Infrastructure Development
» Announced the National Car Project, which is one of the many

important developments as Malaysians forges ahead
» Made Malaysia less depending on neighboring country’s port by

constructed own major ports like Tanjung Pelepas and West Port
» The North-South Highway, which has cut transport times in half

on the west coast of Malaysia
» The Multimedia Super Corridor, a flagship project based on

Silicon Valley designed to enable Malaysia's foray into information
technology
» Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), and an adjacent

Formula One Circuit
» The Petronas Twin Towers, that have become representative of

Management Approach
» Lack of inhibition in speaking his mind - even

when his opinions go against the tide of
conventional thinking
» Clean, Efficient and Trustworthy guidelines
» Accepted responsibility of his actions
» Instilling Islamic Values in Administration

Policy

Mukesh D.
Ambani
Reliance
Industries
1957-Present
India
Energy
India’s most famous private
citizen

Recognition
» Indian business magnate who is the chairman and

managing director of the conglomerate Reliance
Industries Limited
» The company was ranked 99th in Fortune Global

500 and is India's most valuable company by market
value
» In 2010, named among the most powerful people in

the world by Forbes in its list of 68 people who
matter most
» Member of the board of directors of Bank of America

Credentials
» Chairman, Managing Director, Chairman of Finance

Committee and Member of Employees Stock Compensation
Committee, Reliance Industries Limited
» Former Chairman, Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited
» Former Vice Chairman, Reliance Petroleum
» Chairman of the Board, Reliance Petroleum
» Chairman and Chairman of Audit Committee, Reliance Retail

Limited
» Chairman, Reliance Exploration and Production DMCC
» Director, Member of Credit Committee and Member of

Compensation
Benefits
Committee,
Bank
America
Ranked 5th &
best
performing
CEO
in of
the
world

by
Corporation
Harvard Business Review in its ranking of top
50 global CEOs

Achievements
» Joined Reliance in 1981 and initiated Reliance's backward

integration journey from textiles into polyester fibers and
further into petrochemicals, petroleum refining and going upstream into oil and gas exploration and production
» Set up one of the largest and most complex information and

communications technology initiatives in the world in the form
of Reliance Infocomm Limited (now Reliance Communications
Limited)
» Led the creation of the world’s largest grassroots petroleum

refinery at Jamnagar, with a current capacity of 660,000 barrels
per day (33 million tonnes per year) integrated with

Management Approach
» Loves challenging situations
» Created an open environment so that everybody is

on the corresponding platform
» Infectious impatience' helps him succeed

Lee Kun-hee
Samsung
Electronics
1942-Present
South Korea
Electronics and Information
Technology
A digital leader and an avid
sportsman

Recognition
» Born in 1942, Chairman of Samsung Electronics
» Degree in Economics from Waseda University, Tokyo and

attended an MBA course at George Washington
University, United States
»  In 1996, became a member of the International

Olympic Committee
» Involved in the successful third attempt to bring

the 2018 Winter Olympics to Pyeongchang
» Ranked among the Forbes richest people in the world

Issues and Concern
» Samsung Group was overly focused on producing

massive quantities of low-quality goods and that it was
not prepared to compete in quality.
» Faced were how to provide the momentum leap from

the developing country model to the advanced country
stage model.
» Got accused in 2008, that Samsung is responsible for a

slush fund used to bribe influential prosecutors, judges,
and political figures.
» Resigned in 2008, and returned in 2010 as a chairman

Foremost Steps
» As early in 1973, started Semi Conductor Industry,

sent there company engineers to USA to work in semi
conductor technology.
» Surprised the world by announcing the development of

64K bit RAM and within 10 months Samsung were able
to produce 256K bit RAM.
» In 1993, Lee presided over the technological

advancement staff meeting for Samsung electronics and
where he decided that now our company slogan is
Quality is our Pride.

Management Approach

Success and Awards

» In

2004,

received

the Legion

of

Honour from

French

Government.
» In 2006, received the James A. Van Fleet Award from

Carlos Slim
Helú
Telemax
1940-Present
Mexico
Communication and Technology
World’s Wealthiest Person

Recognition
»  Mexican business magnate and philanthropist who is

ranked as the richest person in the world since 2010
» Chairman and Chief Executive of telecommunications

companies Telmex and América Móvil
» Vice-President of the Mexican Stock Exchange and

President of the Mexican Association of Brokerage
Houses
» First president of the Latin-American Committee of

the New York Stock Exchange Administration Council,
from 1996 through 1998

Mexico - Financial Crises
»  In 1982 the Mexican economy, which had substantially

relied on oil exports, contracted rapidly as the price of oil
fell and interest rates rose worldwide
» Due to the bad situation of economy, all government

sector were ruined and begins to privatize there industries
» In those industries Mexican telecommunication sector is

also goes down
» At that time, Slim acted in show with France

Télécom and Southwestern Bell Corporation in order
to buy landline telephony company Telemex from the

Foremost Steps
» In 1990, Telmex was bought by a group of investors

formed principally by Carlos Slim Helú, France Télécom,
and Southwestern Bell Corporation
» At that time Telemex loses its 90% shares and provides

only landline facilities
» By seek of new technology, Slim visits different telecom

companies in USA and France
» Telmex began investing in new modern infrastructure,

creating a nationwide fiber optic network, thus offering
service to most of the country

Highlights - Cellphone Mobile Unit
» In the 1990s mobile telephones were becoming popular

among the general population. The early market leader
was Iusacell, and Telmex had no presence in the market.
» This prompted Telmex to form a subsidiary to provide mobile

communications which was found Radio Móvil Dipsa, and
offered service under the brand Telcel
» Telcel started out in a distant second place in its mobile

market and began to offer the first prepaid mobile phone
plans, and its success ultimately provided Telcel the growth
needed to become the leader in the mobile market within two
years

Highlights - Internet
» In the mid-1990s Telmex began providing Internet access as

an Internet Service Provider with the brand Uninet. Year
later, the brand was changed to Telmex Internet Directo
Personal (Telmex Direct Personal Internet)
» In 1996, Telmex bought Prodigy Communications and took

the brand to Mexico, renaming the service Prodigy Internet de
Telmex
» As of 2005, Telmex holds more than 80% of the market as ISP,

and is also the leader in broadband access with its
brand Prodigy Infinitum (ADSL)

Awards
» Slim has been awarded the Entrepreneurial Merit Medal of

Honor from Mexico's Chamber of Commerce
» Gold Patron of the American Academy of Achievement, a

Commander in the Belgian Order of Leopold II
» CEO of the year in 2003 by Latin Trade Magazine, and one

year later CEO of the decade by the same magazine
» In 2008 his philanthropy was recognized with the award

of The National Order of the Cedar by the Lebanese
government
» In 2012 Slim was awarded an honorary degree from The

George Washington University

Jimmy D.
Wales
Wikipedia
1966-Present
United States
Internet Entrepreneur
Free Knowledge for Free Minds

Recognition
» Co-Founder, Wikipedia
» American Internet Entrepreneur and Wiki Pioneer
» Wikipedia: Largest and Most Popular

General Reference work on the Internet
» One of Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People

of 2006
» Listed by the World Economic Forum as one of the

Young Global Leaders of 2007

Introduction
» Received his bachelor’s degree in finance from Auburn

University and started with the Ph.D. finance program at the
University of Alabama, where left with a Master’s.
» After that, took courses offered in the Ph.D. finance program

at Indiana University.
» Taught at both universities during his postgraduate studies,

but left before completing a PhD in order to take a job in
finance and later worked as the research director of a Chicago
futures and options firm.
» On January 15, 2001, with Larry Sanger and others, Wales

launched Wikipedia.

Wikipedia
» Wales outlined his vision for Wikipedia:

"Imagine a world in which every single person on the
planet is given free access to the sum of all human
knowledge. That’s what we're doing."
» It has no editors, no fact checkers and anyone can contribute

an entry - or delete one. It should have been a recipe for
disaster, but instead Wikipedia became one of the internet's
most inspiring success stories
» The number of readers of Wikipedia worldwide reached 365

million at the end of 2009.
» As of May 2012, Wikipedia is the sixth-most-popular website

Comparison
» At the time Wikipedia it was celebrating the publishing of its

one millionth entry in less than four years, the Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography launched its latest edition
which took12 years to complete, yet contained a
comparatively small 55,000 biographies.
» The aforementioned dictionary cost some £25m to create.

Wikipedia has so far been bankrolled by Wales, but the total
cost so far is still around £300,000.
» The English Wikipedia alone has over 2.5 billion words, over

50 times as many as the next largest English-language
encyclopedia, Encyclopedia Britannica.

Perceived Shortcoming
» Many critics have tried to downplay its role as a source of valid

information and have often pointed to the Encyclopedia
Britannica as an example of an accurate reference.
» Nature (online science news source) chose articles from both

sites in a wide range of topics and sent them to "relevant" field
experts for peer review.
» Journal found just eight serious errors, such as general

misunderstandings of vital concepts, in the articles. Four came
from each site.
» Discovered a series of factual errors, omissions or misleading

statements. All told, Wikipedia had 162 such problems, while

Justification
» The truth is that Wikipedia is far from finished, but even

now, flaws and all, it is already one of the wonders of
the digital age.
» It is available for free for everyone all over the world

at all times.
» It has given a whole new meaning to the word free

knowledge.
» Wikipedia was not the first attempt of its kind. But under

the leadership of Jimmy Wales it became the first to
reach phenomenal success. For this achievement Jimmy

Jeffrey P. Bezos
Amazon
1964-Present
United States
Entrepreneur
World’s Largest Online Retailer

Recognition
» American entrepreneur who played a key role in the

growth of e-commerce as the Founder and CEO of
Amazon.com, Inc.
» Named Time magazine's Person of the Year in 1999
» In 2008, selected by U.S. News & World Report as one of

America's Best Leaders
» Awarded an honorary doctorate in Science and

Technology from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008
» In 2011, The Economist gave Bezos an Innovation

Award for the Amazon Kindle

Introduction
» Graduated from Princeton in 1986 with B.S. in electrical

engineering and computer science. And went on to work on
Wall Street in the computer science field.
» Worked on building a network for international trade for a

company known as Fitel followed by worked at Bankers
Trust, where he became vice-president.
» Later on he also worked in computer science for D. E. Shaw

& Co where he also became the vice-president.
» Left his well-paying job at a New York City hedge fund when

he learned about the rapid growth in Internet use and
founded Amazon.com in 1994.

Introduction
» It is the world's largest online retailer.
» Amazon's initial business plan was unusual. The

company did not expect a profit for four to five years.
When the dot-com bubble burst, and many e-companies
went out of business, Amazon persevered.
» It finally turned its first profit in the fourth quarter of

2001: $5 million or 1¢ per share, on revenues of more
than $1 billion.
» It made tremendous growth during the past decade. For

the year 2011 it made a Net Income of $631 million.

Amazon - Business Principles
» Customer Obsession: We start with the customer and work backwards
» Innovation: If you don’t listen to your customers you will fail. But if you

only listen to your customers you will also fail.
» Bias for Action: We live in a time of unheralded revolution and

insurmountable opportunity–provided we make every minute count.
» Ownership: Ownership matters when you’re building a great company.

Owners think long-term, plead passionately for their projects and ideas,
and are empowered to respectfully challenge decisions.
» High Hiring Bar: When making a hiring decision we ask ourselves: “Will

I admire this person? Will I learn from this person? Is this person a
superstar?”
» Frugality: We spend money on things that really matter and believe

that frugality breeds resourcefulness, self-sufficiency, and invention!

Justification
» There are, and have been, a huge number of

competitors in e-commerce business but under the
leadership of Jeff Bezos, Amazon.com is light years
ahead of all of them
“If they keep this up, there’s a good possibility
that you’re looking at shopping malls going the
way of the record store and the bookstore and
the video rental store”
» For playing such an influential role in developing the

innovative field e-commerce with such huge success,

It’s not just about the visuals, but strengthening

OUR MESSAGE

Conclusion
» The purpose of our presentation is not just to categorize and

pass judgment but to seek inspiration in the examples of
great leaders.
» A common theme we see in the examples of all these leaders

is that success is not achieved over night. It requires
creativity and imagination along with continuous unrelenting
efforts and determination.
» If we learn the importance of leadership traits from these

examples and apply ourselves to sharpen those skills through
study and practice.
» It you do it well, who knows maybe one day one of you might

Questions?
Thank You

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