Leadership Introduction
Originated from the word “laden” back
in 1300s, while the term leadership
followed some five centuries later
Study of leadership is multidisciplinary
with contributions from social sciences
Perception that is both current and
timeless, in one form or another
The process has been central to human
interactions since the dawn of society
Influenced socially which means
leaving a mark
Initiating and guiding, and the result is
transformation
Types of Leaders
a) Teachers: Rule breakers and value creators
b) Heroes: Responsible for great causes and noble works
c) Rulers: Motivate principally to dominate others
Teachers
Heroes
Rulers
Muhammad
(PBUH)
Edison
Alexander
Buddha
Newton
Akbar
Jesus
Einstein
Hitler
Aristotle
da Vinci
Napoleon
Socrates
Shakespeare
Jinnah
Steven P. Jobs
Apple/Pixar
1955-2011
United States
Information Technology
Technologist with the heart of an
artist
Recognition
» Co-founder of Apple, occurred in 1970’s along with Steve Wozniak
» Originate NeXT, a computer platform development company in 1985
» Acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm in 1986, which
spun off as Pixar Animation Studios
» Returned to his original company after Apple acquired NeXT in 1996
» Served as a Director of Walt Disney Co. from May 2006 till his last
» Named one of the Time Magazine's top 25 most influential people
» In 2009, named as CEO of the decade by Fortune Magazine
» The Financial Times named him the person of the year for 2010
Apple - Rise and Fall
» Founded in 1976, through selling Apple I personal computer kit
» Year later, Apple II series introduced, led to Apple Lisa in 1983
» In 1984, Apple Macintosh was born with GUI, 128K Expandable
Memory, and Pointing device
» In 1985, a tiff occurred amongst Jobs and CEO John Scully, leads
to Job’s resignation and formation of NeXT Inc. the same year
» Afterwards, Apple’s sales and shine began to wear off and stock
prices continued to slide downwards
» In 1997, Apple was veering dangerously close to bankruptcy
NeXT - A New Venture
» Founded in 1985, with the intention of providing
powerful computers for higher education, and business
» Introduced the first NeXT Computer in 1988, and the
smaller NeXT Station in 1990
» That machine was a commercial washout but helped
with future work in object-oriented programming
» In 1993, launch OPENSTEP, its implementation for
several OEMs
» Also developed WebObjects, one of the first
enterprise web application frameworks
Pixar - A Master Stroke
» Bought in 1986 from George Lucas and reformed it as
Pixar
» Got three film contract from Disney and created first
computer animated film, Toy Story in 1995
» Produced thirteen feature films amongst twelve of the
films have received both critical and financial success
» Studio has earned 26 Academy Awards,
seven Golden Globe Awards, and three Grammy
Awards
» None of the Pixar film has ever NOT been a top ten
Pixar - The Money Machine
Apple - Return to Profitability
» In 1996, Apple's acquisition of NeXT brought Jobs back to the
company which was then close to bankruptcy
» Immediately Jobs made his impact felt by introducing the
iMac, and two video editing software named iMovie and
Final Cut Pro
» In 2002 the company launched the iPod, and sparked the
commence of iTunes Store
» Followed that up with two more hits, the iPhone in 2007 and
the iPad in 2010
» Nearly 15 years later, stock prices have gone from $6 to $350
Extraordinary Man by Standards
» Since returning to Apple, everything Jobs touch seems
to turn to gold
» In 2006, Pixar’s sales to Disney for $ 7.4 billion
increased his power and left him the biggest
shareholder
» For all his success, health is one area of his life that
has been unable to control, thereby in 2011, Jobs
resigned as CEO of Apple
» Leaving behind a legacy that changed the computer,
music, film and wireless industries
John C. Martin,
PhD
Gilead Sciences
1951-Present
United States
Health Care
Advancing Therapeutics,
Improving Lives
Preface - Gilead Sciences
» Founded in 1987, company has operations in North America,
Europe, Australia and Asia Pacific
» Research-based biopharmaceutical company that discovers,
develops and commercializes medicines
» Primary areas of focus include HIV/AIDS, liver diseases,
cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory conditions
» Portfolio of 14 marketed products including the only
complete treatment regimens for HIV infection available - as
well as the first agent, to be approved for HIV prevention in
uninfected adults
» Member of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index and
Accomplishments
» 1984-1990, employed at Bristol-Myers Squibb, a
pharmaceutical company, as a Director of Antiviral
Chemistry
» Employed at Syntex Corporation, a pharmaceutical
company, from 1978 to 1984 where co-invented
ganciclovir
» President and CEO of Gilead Sciences Inc. from 1996-2008
prior joining in 1990 as Vice President for R&D followed by
COO in 1995
» Chairman of the Board of Gilead Sciences Inc., since May
2008
Recognition
» Holds a PhD in Organic Chemistry from the University of
Chicago and MBA in Marketing from Golden Gate
University
» Affiliate with the Board of Directors of the California
Healthcare Institute and Gen-Probe Inc.
» Member of the Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS
from 2006-2009
» Served as President of the International Society for
Antiviral Research since 1998-2000
» Served on the Centers for Disease Control and Services
Administrations Advisory Committee
Assessment and Growth
» Dr. Martin as been the brains behind one of the fastest-
growing drug stocks on Wall Street since taking over in 1996
- about 2,700% in those 15 years
» Like Jobs, he soaked up the technical knowledge necessary
to lead such a highly cerebral company and understood how
to take calculated risks and use capital responsibly to grow
and squeeze out competitors
» After riding high due to successful antiviral medications, in
2006 made quality acquisitions to enter into the profitable
cardiovascular and respiratory markets
» Currently in Phase III testing for four HIV/AIDS treatments,
Product Approvals Timeline
» Scientific breakthrough is almost always the product of
collaboration and Gilead places high value on partnering
with companies and organizations whose strengths
complement and augment our own
Mergers and Acquisitions
Year
Company
Price
1999
Nexstar Pharmaceuticals
$550 million
2003
Triangle Pharmaceuticals
$464 million
2006
Corus Pharma, Inc.
$365 million
2006
Myogen, Inc.
$2.5 billion
2006
Raylo Chemicals, Inc
$148 million
2007
Nycomed fr. Altana - Cork
$47 million
2009
CV Therapeutics, Inc.
$1.4 billion
2010
CGI Pharmaceuticals
$120 million
2010
Arresto Biosciences, Inc.
$225 million
2011
Calistoga Pharmaceuticals
$375 million
2012
Pharmasset, Inc
$10.4 billion
Alan George
Lafley
Procter &
Gamble
1947-Present
United States
Consumer Goods
Most highly regarded CEO in
P&G’s history
Introduction
» Former Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief
Executive Officer of Procter & Gamble; Retired in 2010
» Credited with making P&G as a more consumer-driven
and externally focused company and with shaping a far
more diverse, open, curious and courageous,
connected and collaborative culture in which
"innovation is everyone’s job"
Education
» Graduated from Fenwick High School in Oak
Park, Illinois, and earned an A.B. from Hamilton
College in 1969
» In 1970, after beginning a doctoral program at
the University of Virginia, took a commission with
the U.S. Navy as a supply officer during the Vietnam
War
» Afterwards, studied at Harvard Business School,
receiving his MBA in 1977
Achievements
» Joined P&G upon his graduation, where he worked until his
retirement
» With Lafley leading the company for most of the 2000s, P&G
more than doubled sales since the beginning of the decade
» The company’s portfolio of billion-dollar brands grew from 10
to 24 and the number of brands with sales between $500
million and $1 billion increased five-fold with Lafley at P&G’s
helm
» Further, during Lafley’s tenure, the Company’s market
capitalization more than doubled, making P&G one of the
five most valuable companies in the U.S. and among the 10
Management Style
» Since taking charge in 2000, when P&G was sinking under the
weight of too many new products and organizational changes,
Lafley has refocused on consumers and rejuvenated core
businesses
» Reaffirmed P&G's Purpose and Values and refocused the Company
on the few choices necessary to get the business back on track:
growing its leading categories and brands with its largest retail
customers in its top geographic markets while accelerating growth
in health, beauty and personal care and in fast-growing sectors
When discussing what made P&G successful, Lafley once said they
had a clear strategy, and were prepared to put all of their
resources, people and money behind it. He was in charge of
Hunt for Innovation
“Innovation isn’t always easy to come by. You have to be willing to
ask for help and let partners in business know that you are
innovating. Even if your business is a known leader in innovation, you
have to let it be known that you are looking for assistance with new
innovations.”
» Keeping this in mind a platform established in P&G by Lafley where
former and current P&Ger’s connected to each other
» Connect on business ideas, they connect on entrepreneurial ideas
and they connect on innovation and through that gets a lot of leads
from former P&Ger’s, colleagues of former P&Ger’s, and friends of
former P&Ger’s
» Utilizes their websites to gain ideas. You have to use all your
resources if you want to find the best innovations and ideas. To find
or develop products or services that will become true game-
Innovate for the Consumer
» P&G innovations have become so successful and a part of people’s
daily lives because the company innovates its brands with the
customer in mind 100 percent of the time
» Not only does P&G innovate with the customer in mind, but it
strives to understand its customer base for new products
» Innovating products that customers can’t live without doesn’t come
without trial and error. You have to be willing to fail and work until
you get a product that consumers want
» Encouraged fast failure and preferred cheap failure
» Due to continuously strive for innovation they bought Gillete in
2005 to help grow the company
Find what customers want
» Careful planning in terms of financial, human resources, , in
partner investment and acquisition investment for creating
the future
» To build upon your innovation, you have to know what
consumers are looking for and what you can do to give them
what they want. You have to know what products are and
aren’t the right fit for your business
» Focuses on building a product that delivers better value and
a better experience in performance value
Credentials
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1977 - Brand Assistant
1978 - Sales Training, Denver Sales District
1978 - Assistant Brand Manager, Tide
1980 - Brand Manager, Dawn & Ivory Snow
1981 - Brand Manager, Special Assignment & Ivory Snow
1982 - Brand Manager, Cheer
1983 - Associate Advertising Manager, PS&D Division
1986 - Advertising Manager, PS&D Division
1988 - General Manager, Laundry Products, PS&D Division
1991 - Vice President-Laundry and Cleaning Products, Procter & Gamble USA
1992 - Group Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company, and President
Laundry and Cleaning Products, Procter & Gamble USA
1994 - Group Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company, and
President-Procter & Gamble Far East
1995 - Executive Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company,
(President-Asia, Procter & Gamble Asia)
1998 - Executive Vice President, The Procter & Gamble Company,
(President-North America)
1999 - President-Global Beauty Care and North America
2000 - President and Chief Executive
2002 - Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive
2007 - Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Member, Board of Directors, General Electric Company
Member, Board of Directors, General Electric Company
Member, Board of Directors, Dell, Inc.
Member, American Society of Corporate Executives
Member, The Business Council
Member, The Business Roundtable
Member, Board of Directors, Grocery Manufacturers of America
Member, Board of Directors, United Negro College Fund
Member, Board of Trustees, Hamilton College
Member, Harvard Business School Board of Dean’s Advisors
Member, The Lauder Institute Board of Governors (Wharton School of Arts &
Sciences)
Member, McKinsey Advisory Council
Member, Board of Trustees, U.S. Council for International Business
Chairman, Cincinnati Center City Development Corporation (3CDC)
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Xavier University
Past Member, Board of Directors, General Motors Corporation
Past Member, American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
Past Member, G100 (formerly The M&A Group)
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra
Past Member, Board of Trustees, The Seven Hills School
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Medical Center Fund of Cincinnati
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park
Past Member, Board of Trustees, Cincinnati Fine Arts Fund
Recognition and Thought-Leadership
» A.G. is broadly recognized for his business leadership
» Aawarded "CEO of the Year 2006" by Chief Executive Magazine and
the Peter G. Peterson Award for Business Statesmanship presented
by the CED in 2009
» In 2010, received the Edison Achievement Award, in recognition of
his contributions to innovation, marketing, and human-centered
design
» Recognized with the 2010 Hall of Achievement Award, the highest
honor given by the Grocery Manufacturers Association
» In 2011, awarded the Warren Bennis Award for Leadership
Excellence
» In 2008, Lafley and Ram Charan published The Game
Jeffrey R.
Immelt
General Electric
1956-Present
United States
Multinational Conglomerate
The head of Obama’s Jobs
Council
Recognition
» Chairman of the board and chief executive officer of
the US based conglomerate General Electric
» Chairperson of the President’s Council on Jobs and
Competitiveness which President Barack
Obama created on February 6, 2009
» Earned a B.A. degree in Applied Mathematics from
Dartmouth College in 1978
» Got MBA from Harvard Business School in 1982
» Since then associated with GE till today
Achievements
» Held several global leadership positions since coming to
GE in 1982, including roles in GE's Plastics, Appliance,
and Healthcare businesses
» In 1989, became an officer of GE and joined the Capital
Board in 1997
» In 2000, Mr. Immelt was appointed as President and
CEO
» GE's chief executive is powerful for many reasons, but
here's one that's often overlooked: the company's AAA
credit rating
Achievements
» Due to which company sell its big-ticket products - jet engines,
industrial turbines, CT scanners, locomotives, and so forth - by
offering financing that competitors can't beat
» Add a century of experience in developing the world's best
managers and management practices, and GE becomes a very
tough organization to catch up with or oppose
» Mr. Immelt has been named one of the World's Best CEO three
times by Barron's, and since he began serving as chief executive
officer, GE has been named America's Most Admired
Company in a poll conducted by Fortune magazine and one of
The World's Most Respected Companies in polls by
Barron's and the Financial Times
Management Approach
» Personal Responsibility: Enron and 9/11 marked the end of an
era of individual freedom and the beginning of personal
responsibility. You lead today by building teams and placing others
first. It’s not about you.
» Simplify Constantly: Every leader needs to clearly explain the top
three things the organization is working on. If you can't, then you're
not leading well.
» Understand Breadth, Depth, and Context: How your company
fits in with the world and how you respond to it.
» Importance of alignment and time management: There is no
real magic to being a good leader. But at the end of every week,
you have to spend your time around the things that are really
Management Approach
» Leaders learn constantly and also have to learn how to
teach : A leader's primary role is to teach. People who work with
you don't have to agree with you, but they have to feel you're
willing to share what you've learned.
» Stay true to your own style : Leadership is an intense journey
into yourself. You can use your own style to get anything done. It's
about being self-aware. Every morning, I look in the mirror and say,
'I could have done three things better yesterday.
» Manage by setting boundaries with freedom in the middle:
The boundaries are commitment, passion, trust, and teamwork.
Within those guidelines, there's plenty of freedom. But no one can
cross those four boundaries.
Credentials
» Director, Chairman, and CEO of General Electric Company
» Director NBC Universal Media, LLC
» Chairman of the Board and CEO General Electric Capital
Services Inc.
» Director Robin Hood Foundation
» Trustee Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation Inc.
» Director Catalyst Inc.
» Chairman GE India Services Holding Limited
» Executive Chairman, CEO and Member of Public
Responsibilities Committee General Electric Company (2000Present)
» Director, Member of Management and Budget Committee
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York (2006-2011)
» Trustee Dartmouth College (2008-Present)
Mahatir
Mohamad
Politician
1925-Present
Malaysia
United Malays National Organization
Longest-Serving Elected Leader
Recognition
» Malaysian politician who was the 4th Prime Minister
of Malaysia
» Held the post for 22 years from 1981 to 2003, making
him Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister
» Political career spanned almost 40 years
» 21st Secretary General of Non-Aligned Movement
» Got MBBS from King Edward VII College of Medicine in
Singapore
» Founder of Look East Policy
Era of Reforms
First Phase: 1981-1985
» Utilized greater state intervention to promote
heavy industrialization and domestic imitations of
Japanese sogososhas (Trading companies)
» Imposed an austerity drive that reduced
government spending and placed state-owned
enterprises under closer scrutiny
Era of Reforms
Second Phase: 1986-1997
» Reduced business regulation for inter-ethnic
export-oriented industries, skill development, and
technology up-grading
Era of Reforms
Third Phase: 1998-2003
» Refused to take IMF bail-out package and
bounced-back quicker than others
» Conceptualized VISION 2020 further, where by
the year 2020 Malaysia is expected to be fully
developed country
Achievements
» Per capita income increased 8 times during his tenure
» Turned a big slum into 18th biggest exporting country
» Single-handedly transformed, modernized,
industrialized, and strengthened the national economy
» Enable country to face the future by establishing the
Multimedia Super Corridor
» Fastest recovery from 1997 Asian Crisis in defiance of
IMF
» Banking system embarked on the extensive use of
modern information technology
Infrastructure Development
» Announced the National Car Project, which is one of the many
important developments as Malaysians forges ahead
» Made Malaysia less depending on neighboring country’s port by
constructed own major ports like Tanjung Pelepas and West Port
» The North-South Highway, which has cut transport times in half
on the west coast of Malaysia
» The Multimedia Super Corridor, a flagship project based on
Silicon Valley designed to enable Malaysia's foray into information
technology
» Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), and an adjacent
Formula One Circuit
» The Petronas Twin Towers, that have become representative of
Management Approach
» Lack of inhibition in speaking his mind - even
when his opinions go against the tide of
conventional thinking
» Clean, Efficient and Trustworthy guidelines
» Accepted responsibility of his actions
» Instilling Islamic Values in Administration
Policy
Mukesh D.
Ambani
Reliance
Industries
1957-Present
India
Energy
India’s most famous private
citizen
Recognition
» Indian business magnate who is the chairman and
managing director of the conglomerate Reliance
Industries Limited
» The company was ranked 99th in Fortune Global
500 and is India's most valuable company by market
value
» In 2010, named among the most powerful people in
the world by Forbes in its list of 68 people who
matter most
» Member of the board of directors of Bank of America
Credentials
» Chairman, Managing Director, Chairman of Finance
Committee and Member of Employees Stock Compensation
Committee, Reliance Industries Limited
» Former Chairman, Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited
» Former Vice Chairman, Reliance Petroleum
» Chairman of the Board, Reliance Petroleum
» Chairman and Chairman of Audit Committee, Reliance Retail
Limited
» Chairman, Reliance Exploration and Production DMCC
» Director, Member of Credit Committee and Member of
Compensation
Benefits
Committee,
Bank
America
Ranked 5th &
best
performing
CEO
in of
the
world
by
Corporation
Harvard Business Review in its ranking of top
50 global CEOs
Achievements
» Joined Reliance in 1981 and initiated Reliance's backward
integration journey from textiles into polyester fibers and
further into petrochemicals, petroleum refining and going upstream into oil and gas exploration and production
» Set up one of the largest and most complex information and
communications technology initiatives in the world in the form
of Reliance Infocomm Limited (now Reliance Communications
Limited)
» Led the creation of the world’s largest grassroots petroleum
refinery at Jamnagar, with a current capacity of 660,000 barrels
per day (33 million tonnes per year) integrated with
Management Approach
» Loves challenging situations
» Created an open environment so that everybody is
on the corresponding platform
» Infectious impatience' helps him succeed
Lee Kun-hee
Samsung
Electronics
1942-Present
South Korea
Electronics and Information
Technology
A digital leader and an avid
sportsman
Recognition
» Born in 1942, Chairman of Samsung Electronics
» Degree in Economics from Waseda University, Tokyo and
attended an MBA course at George Washington
University, United States
» In 1996, became a member of the International
Olympic Committee
» Involved in the successful third attempt to bring
the 2018 Winter Olympics to Pyeongchang
» Ranked among the Forbes richest people in the world
Issues and Concern
» Samsung Group was overly focused on producing
massive quantities of low-quality goods and that it was
not prepared to compete in quality.
» Faced were how to provide the momentum leap from
the developing country model to the advanced country
stage model.
» Got accused in 2008, that Samsung is responsible for a
slush fund used to bribe influential prosecutors, judges,
and political figures.
» Resigned in 2008, and returned in 2010 as a chairman
Foremost Steps
» As early in 1973, started Semi Conductor Industry,
sent there company engineers to USA to work in semi
conductor technology.
» Surprised the world by announcing the development of
64K bit RAM and within 10 months Samsung were able
to produce 256K bit RAM.
» In 1993, Lee presided over the technological
advancement staff meeting for Samsung electronics and
where he decided that now our company slogan is
Quality is our Pride.
Management Approach
Success and Awards
» In
2004,
received
the Legion
of
Honour from
French
Government.
» In 2006, received the James A. Van Fleet Award from
Carlos Slim
Helú
Telemax
1940-Present
Mexico
Communication and Technology
World’s Wealthiest Person
Recognition
» Mexican business magnate and philanthropist who is
ranked as the richest person in the world since 2010
» Chairman and Chief Executive of telecommunications
companies Telmex and América Móvil
» Vice-President of the Mexican Stock Exchange and
President of the Mexican Association of Brokerage
Houses
» First president of the Latin-American Committee of
the New York Stock Exchange Administration Council,
from 1996 through 1998
Mexico - Financial Crises
» In 1982 the Mexican economy, which had substantially
relied on oil exports, contracted rapidly as the price of oil
fell and interest rates rose worldwide
» Due to the bad situation of economy, all government
sector were ruined and begins to privatize there industries
» In those industries Mexican telecommunication sector is
also goes down
» At that time, Slim acted in show with France
Télécom and Southwestern Bell Corporation in order
to buy landline telephony company Telemex from the
Foremost Steps
» In 1990, Telmex was bought by a group of investors
formed principally by Carlos Slim Helú, France Télécom,
and Southwestern Bell Corporation
» At that time Telemex loses its 90% shares and provides
only landline facilities
» By seek of new technology, Slim visits different telecom
companies in USA and France
» Telmex began investing in new modern infrastructure,
creating a nationwide fiber optic network, thus offering
service to most of the country
Highlights - Cellphone Mobile Unit
» In the 1990s mobile telephones were becoming popular
among the general population. The early market leader
was Iusacell, and Telmex had no presence in the market.
» This prompted Telmex to form a subsidiary to provide mobile
communications which was found Radio Móvil Dipsa, and
offered service under the brand Telcel
» Telcel started out in a distant second place in its mobile
market and began to offer the first prepaid mobile phone
plans, and its success ultimately provided Telcel the growth
needed to become the leader in the mobile market within two
years
Highlights - Internet
» In the mid-1990s Telmex began providing Internet access as
an Internet Service Provider with the brand Uninet. Year
later, the brand was changed to Telmex Internet Directo
Personal (Telmex Direct Personal Internet)
» In 1996, Telmex bought Prodigy Communications and took
the brand to Mexico, renaming the service Prodigy Internet de
Telmex
» As of 2005, Telmex holds more than 80% of the market as ISP,
and is also the leader in broadband access with its
brand Prodigy Infinitum (ADSL)
Awards
» Slim has been awarded the Entrepreneurial Merit Medal of
Honor from Mexico's Chamber of Commerce
» Gold Patron of the American Academy of Achievement, a
Commander in the Belgian Order of Leopold II
» CEO of the year in 2003 by Latin Trade Magazine, and one
year later CEO of the decade by the same magazine
» In 2008 his philanthropy was recognized with the award
of The National Order of the Cedar by the Lebanese
government
» In 2012 Slim was awarded an honorary degree from The
George Washington University
Jimmy D.
Wales
Wikipedia
1966-Present
United States
Internet Entrepreneur
Free Knowledge for Free Minds
Recognition
» Co-Founder, Wikipedia
» American Internet Entrepreneur and Wiki Pioneer
» Wikipedia: Largest and Most Popular
General Reference work on the Internet
» One of Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People
of 2006
» Listed by the World Economic Forum as one of the
Young Global Leaders of 2007
Introduction
» Received his bachelor’s degree in finance from Auburn
University and started with the Ph.D. finance program at the
University of Alabama, where left with a Master’s.
» After that, took courses offered in the Ph.D. finance program
at Indiana University.
» Taught at both universities during his postgraduate studies,
but left before completing a PhD in order to take a job in
finance and later worked as the research director of a Chicago
futures and options firm.
» On January 15, 2001, with Larry Sanger and others, Wales
launched Wikipedia.
Wikipedia
» Wales outlined his vision for Wikipedia:
"Imagine a world in which every single person on the
planet is given free access to the sum of all human
knowledge. That’s what we're doing."
» It has no editors, no fact checkers and anyone can contribute
an entry - or delete one. It should have been a recipe for
disaster, but instead Wikipedia became one of the internet's
most inspiring success stories
» The number of readers of Wikipedia worldwide reached 365
million at the end of 2009.
» As of May 2012, Wikipedia is the sixth-most-popular website
Comparison
» At the time Wikipedia it was celebrating the publishing of its
one millionth entry in less than four years, the Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography launched its latest edition
which took12 years to complete, yet contained a
comparatively small 55,000 biographies.
» The aforementioned dictionary cost some £25m to create.
Wikipedia has so far been bankrolled by Wales, but the total
cost so far is still around £300,000.
» The English Wikipedia alone has over 2.5 billion words, over
50 times as many as the next largest English-language
encyclopedia, Encyclopedia Britannica.
Perceived Shortcoming
» Many critics have tried to downplay its role as a source of valid
information and have often pointed to the Encyclopedia
Britannica as an example of an accurate reference.
» Nature (online science news source) chose articles from both
sites in a wide range of topics and sent them to "relevant" field
experts for peer review.
» Journal found just eight serious errors, such as general
misunderstandings of vital concepts, in the articles. Four came
from each site.
» Discovered a series of factual errors, omissions or misleading
statements. All told, Wikipedia had 162 such problems, while
Justification
» The truth is that Wikipedia is far from finished, but even
now, flaws and all, it is already one of the wonders of
the digital age.
» It is available for free for everyone all over the world
at all times.
» It has given a whole new meaning to the word free
knowledge.
» Wikipedia was not the first attempt of its kind. But under
the leadership of Jimmy Wales it became the first to
reach phenomenal success. For this achievement Jimmy
Jeffrey P. Bezos
Amazon
1964-Present
United States
Entrepreneur
World’s Largest Online Retailer
Recognition
» American entrepreneur who played a key role in the
growth of e-commerce as the Founder and CEO of
Amazon.com, Inc.
» Named Time magazine's Person of the Year in 1999
» In 2008, selected by U.S. News & World Report as one of
America's Best Leaders
» Awarded an honorary doctorate in Science and
Technology from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008
» In 2011, The Economist gave Bezos an Innovation
Award for the Amazon Kindle
Introduction
» Graduated from Princeton in 1986 with B.S. in electrical
engineering and computer science. And went on to work on
Wall Street in the computer science field.
» Worked on building a network for international trade for a
company known as Fitel followed by worked at Bankers
Trust, where he became vice-president.
» Later on he also worked in computer science for D. E. Shaw
& Co where he also became the vice-president.
» Left his well-paying job at a New York City hedge fund when
he learned about the rapid growth in Internet use and
founded Amazon.com in 1994.
Introduction
» It is the world's largest online retailer.
» Amazon's initial business plan was unusual. The
company did not expect a profit for four to five years.
When the dot-com bubble burst, and many e-companies
went out of business, Amazon persevered.
» It finally turned its first profit in the fourth quarter of
2001: $5 million or 1¢ per share, on revenues of more
than $1 billion.
» It made tremendous growth during the past decade. For
the year 2011 it made a Net Income of $631 million.
Amazon - Business Principles
» Customer Obsession: We start with the customer and work backwards
» Innovation: If you don’t listen to your customers you will fail. But if you
only listen to your customers you will also fail.
» Bias for Action: We live in a time of unheralded revolution and
insurmountable opportunity–provided we make every minute count.
» Ownership: Ownership matters when you’re building a great company.
Owners think long-term, plead passionately for their projects and ideas,
and are empowered to respectfully challenge decisions.
» High Hiring Bar: When making a hiring decision we ask ourselves: “Will
I admire this person? Will I learn from this person? Is this person a
superstar?”
» Frugality: We spend money on things that really matter and believe
that frugality breeds resourcefulness, self-sufficiency, and invention!
Justification
» There are, and have been, a huge number of
competitors in e-commerce business but under the
leadership of Jeff Bezos, Amazon.com is light years
ahead of all of them
“If they keep this up, there’s a good possibility
that you’re looking at shopping malls going the
way of the record store and the bookstore and
the video rental store”
» For playing such an influential role in developing the
innovative field e-commerce with such huge success,
It’s not just about the visuals, but strengthening
OUR MESSAGE
Conclusion
» The purpose of our presentation is not just to categorize and
pass judgment but to seek inspiration in the examples of
great leaders.
» A common theme we see in the examples of all these leaders
is that success is not achieved over night. It requires
creativity and imagination along with continuous unrelenting
efforts and determination.
» If we learn the importance of leadership traits from these
examples and apply ourselves to sharpen those skills through
study and practice.
» It you do it well, who knows maybe one day one of you might